• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2007

Objectives : This research was investigated the effect of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus on Alzheimer's disease. Methods : Specifically, the effects of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract on $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$ of BV2 microglia cell line treated with lipopolysacchride. Results : The Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomclis Fructus extract suppressed the over-expression of $IL-1{\beta}$ protein, $TNF-{\alpha}$ protein, MDA, and CD68/CD11b, in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by ${\beta}$ amyloid peptide. Conclusion: These results suggest that the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Investigation into the clinical use of the Ginseng Radix plus Chaenomelis Fructus extract for Alzheimer's disease is suggested for future research.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 2017

This paper addresses the problem of unsupervised speech separation based on robust non-negative matrix factorization (RNMF) with ${\beta}$-divergence, when neither speech nor noise training data is available beforehand. We propose a robust version of non-negative matrix factorization, inspired by the recently developed sparse and low-rank decomposition, in which the data matrix is decomposed into the sum of a low-rank matrix and a sparse matrix. Efficient multiplicative update rules to minimize the ${\beta}$-divergence-based cost function are derived. A convolutional extension of the proposed algorithm is also proposed, which considers the time dependency of the non-negative noise bases. Experimental speech separation results show that the proposed convolutional RNMF successfully separates the repeating time-varying spectral structures from the magnitude spectrum of the mixture, and does so without any prior training.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.25 no.4 s.99
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• pp.328-335
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• 1994

The ether soluble fraction of the methanol extract from the fruits of Crataegus pinnatifida var. psilosa was applied to silica gel column chromatography, eluted step-gradiently with a mixture of dichloromethane and methanol, repeatedly, and five compounds were isolated. These compounds are identified as ursolic acid(I), corosolic acid(II) and euscapic acid (III), ${\beta}-sitosteryl-3-O-{\beta}-_D-glucopyranoside(IV)$ and hyperin(V).

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.55-59
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• 1985

Antioxidant activity of gingerol, a component of ginger, was studied in ${\beta}-carotene-linoleic$ acid-water emulsion system. Crude gingerol extracted from ginger was separated and purified by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) into two bands. The two bands were identified as 6- and 10-gingerol by color reactions on TLC plate, acid dehydration reaction, infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The antioxidant activity of gingerols (mixture of 6- and 10-gingerol) separated from ginger was remarkable, but lower than that of BHA or BHT.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 1987

${\beta}$-SiC powders were prepared by the simultaneous reduction and carbiding of Jecheon quartzite at 1400$^{\circ}C$ for 7 hours in hydrogen atmosphere, using graphite or carbon black as the reducing and carbiding reagent. The prepared SiC powder was acid-treated with the mixture of fluoric acid and hydrochloric acid at room temperature and also by heating on an alcohol lamp for one hour, respectively. The impurities were mostly eliminated and the purity of SiC became 98.5% after hot acid treatment. The specific surface area of SiC powder was also increased up to 115㎡/g by hot acid treatment. This pure and fine SiC powder was hot-pressed at 1900$^{\circ}C$ for 30min, using 5wt% Al2O3 as a sintering aid. The density, M.O.R., KIC and hardness of the hot-pressed SiC ceramics were 3.195g/㎤, 48.7Kgf/$\textrm{mm}^2$, 5.4MN/㎥/2 and 2,182Kgf/$\textrm{mm}^2$, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.369-374
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• 1996

The ${\beta}$-lactamase inhibitory protein (BLIP) produced by Streptomyces exfoliatus SMF19 was purified(33 kDa) and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined as NH2-ATSVVAWGGNND. Genomic DNA library of S. exfoliatus SMF19 was constructed in pWE15 and recombinants harbouring the corresponding gene were selected by colony hybridization to the mixture of 36-mer oligonucleotide designed from the N-terminal amino acid sequence. The corresponding gene (bliX) was isolated on a 4-kb ApaI fragment of S. exfoliatus SMF19 chromosomal DNA and then sequenced. The bliX consisting of 1, 119bp encoded a mature protein with a deduced amino acid sequence of 342 residues and also encoded a 40-amino-acid signal sequence. No significant sequence similarity to bliX was found by pairwise comparison using various protein and nucleotide sequences.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.550-554
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• 2013

Carbon nanotubes (CNT) / polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) piezoelectric composite films for nanogenerator devices were fabricated by spray coating method. When the CNT/PVDF mixture solution passes through the spray nozzle with small diameter by the compressed nitrogen gas, electric charges are generated in the liquid by a triboelectric effect. Then randomly distributed ${\beta}$ phase PVDF film could be re-oriented by the electric field resulting from the accumulated electrical charges, and might be resulted in extremely one-directionally aligned ${\beta}$ phase PVDF film without additional electric field for poling. X-ray diffraction patterns were used to investigate crystal structure of the CNT/PVDF composite films. It was confirmed that they revealed extremely large portion of the ${\beta}$ phase PVDF crystalline in the film. Therefore we could obtain the poled CNT/PVDF piezoelectric composite films by the spray coating method without additional poling process.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.138-144
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• 1994

Conditions for isolation of protoplasts from spores and mycelia of Rhizopus nigricans were studied. Larger amount of protoplasts was obtained from swollen spores in liquid medium contained with 5% of 2-deoxy-D-glucose for 4 hours than from mycelia. Enzyme mixture of Novozym 234(2%) and ${\beta}-glucuronidase(5000\;unit/ml)$ was most effective for the isolation of protoplasts from swollen spores and from mycelia. The solution of 0.6 M $MgSO_4$ or mannitol and pH 6.0 showed good results as the osmotic stabilizer and the optimal condition of pH of the enzyme solution for the isolation of protoplast from the swollen spores, respectively. At this condition, $8.0{\times}10^6\;cells/ml$ of protoplasts was obtained from swollen spores by digestion with lytic enzyme mixture for 2 hours.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.69-79
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• 2009

Objective: In this study, the immunomodulatory activity of a mixture of wild Panax ginseng and red-mold rice extracts (MPR) on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in the presence and absence of methotrexate (MTX), an anti-cancer drug, was investigated. Methods and Results: In the cell viability, MPR showed a significant cell proliferation and inhibited cell regression by red-mold rice (RMR) alone or MTX alone. MPR induced moderate increase in nitric oxide (NO) production. NO production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression by LPS decreased after MPR treatment. In addition, MPR slightly induced COX-2 mRNA expression, but it did not affect the expression of COX-2 mRNA by LPS treatment. In RT-PCR analyses, MPR induced IL-$1{\alpha}$, IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, and TNF-$\alpha$ mRNA expression, but had no effect on IL-10 and TGF-$\beta$, regardless of MTX treatment. Furthermore, MPR did not interfere with the cytotoxicity of MTX against MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells. Conclusions: MPR is efficacious in protecting against MTX-induced cell regression as a result of macrophage activation, resulting in induction of cytokine expression, implying that MPR could be considered an adjuvant in MTX-chemotherapy.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.39-44
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• 2008

Objectives: Notopterygium incisum(N. incisum) and Saposhnikovia divaricata(S. divaricata) have been clinically used in traditional oriental medicine for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Also, a herbal mixture prepared with N. incisum and S. divaricata has been strongly linked to the anti-inflammatory effect. In this study, we evaluate the synergistic anti-inflammatory effect of N. incisum and S. divaricata. Methods: For evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of a herbal mixture of N. incisum and S. divaricata in vivo, we measured the changed ear thickness in 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate(TPA)-induced mouse ear edema model after topical application of herbal mixture. In addition, the levels of markers for inflammation, such as tumore necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$, interleukin (IL)-1${\beta}$, and nitric oxide(NO), were determined by ELISA assay in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. Results: We reported that water extracts of N. incisum and S. divaricata combination significantly inhibited the mouse ear edema induced by TPA. Moreover, the water extracts of N. incisum and S. divaricata combination exhibited synergistic effects in down-regulating IL-1${\beta}$ level, but not TNF-${\alpha}$ and NO. Conclusions: These results suggest that combined treatment of N. incisum and S. divaricata, based on seven methods in prescription compatibility, has a synergistic effect in down-regulating inflammatory response both in vivo and in vitro models. Especially, it seems that IL-1${\beta}$ is a one of main target of the mixture of N. incisum and S. divaricata on anti-inflammatory activity.