• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.120-126
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• 1988

HPLC analysis of three Prunus species, Armeniacae Semen. Persicae Semen, and Mume Semen, showed that 24. 06 mg/g, 5. 79 mg/g and 3/ 10 mg/g of amygdalin in the MeOH extract and 3. 59 mg/g, 5. 41 mg/g and 13. 48 mg/g of benzaldehyde in the MeOH extract hydrolyzed with ${\beta}-glucosidase$ were contained respectively. The MeOH extract of Mume Semen showed strong antibacterial activities against two species of bacteria (E. coli and B. subtilis) while that of Armeniacae Semen showed mild, and that of Persicae Semen showed no effect. Against A. niger, a strong antifungal activity was observed with Armeniacae Semen and only mild activities with Persicae Semen and Mume Semen. None oh the three inhibited the growth of S. cervisiae. The above results may possibly be suggestive of the correlationships between the contents of amygdalin and benzaldehyde in the test extracts with the antimicrobial potencies.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.12
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• pp.2023-2027
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• 2006

Dibenzyl sulfide was oxidized at the a-carbon to yield benzaldehyde in the presence of $Pd(NO_3)_2$. Oxygen itself could not oxidize the sulfide directly, instead the nitrato ligand of the palladium complex transferred oxygen to dibenzyl sulfide to form benzaldehyde. The X-ray crystal structure of the intermediate complex, cis-[$Pd(NO_3)_2${$S(CH_2C_6H_5)_2$}$_2$], revealed that the nitrato ligand was unidentate. Para-substituted dibenzyl sulfides I, $(YC_6H_4CH_2)_2S $wherein Y = $OCH_3$, $CH_3$, Cl, CN, or $NO_2$, were synthesized and reacted with palladium nitrate, and those with electron-donating substituents (Y = $OCH_3$ and $CH_3$) were good substrates for the oxidation reaction with palladium nitrate. Thus, the reaction mechanism of the oxygen transfer was proposed to include nucleophilic benzylic carbon.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.2012-2016
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• 2012

A convenient synthetic route has been developed to synthesize 5-(4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl) methoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-sustituted phenyl)pyrazolines (5a-f) and 5-(4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-3-(4-substituted phenyl)isoxazolines (6a-f) starting from 2-phenyl-4-chloromethylthiazole (1). The chloromethylthiazole (1) was first condensed with 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde (2) for obtaining 4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)benzaldehyde (3). Claisen-Smidth condensation of 4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)benzaldehyde (3) and acetophenones has been carried in alkaline alcohol and obtained 3-(4-((2-phenylthiazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-1-(4-substituted phenyl)prop-2-en-1-ones (4a-f). The cyclocondensation of 2-propen-1-ones has been first time carried separately with hydrazine hydrate and hydroxylamine hydrochloride in aqueous micellar tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) medium for getting the titled heterocycles with good to excellent yields.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.851-856
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• 1998

2,4-Di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (2a), methyl 2,4-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (2b), 3,4-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (4a), and methyl 3,4-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (4b), 2,5-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (6a), and methyl 2,5-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (6b) were prepared by the condensation of 2,4-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (1), 3,4-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (3), and 2,5-di-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (5) with malononitrile or methyl cyanoacetate, respectively. Trifunctional divinyl ether monomers 2, 4 and 6 were polymerized readily by free radical initiators to give optically transparent swelling poly(vinyl ethers) 7-9. Polymers 7-9 were not soluble in common organic solvents such as acetone and DMSO due to crosslinking. Polymer 7-9 showed a thermal stability up to 300 ℃ in TGA thennograms.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.567-572
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• 1999

5-Nitro-2-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (2a), methyl 5-nitro-2-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (2b), 3-nitro-4-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (4a), methyl 3-nitro-4-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (4b), 2-nitro-5-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (6a), and methyl 2-nitro-5-(2'-vinyloxyetboxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (6b) were prepared by the condensation of 5-nitro-2-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (1), 3-nitro-4-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (3), and 2-nitro-5-(2'-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (5) with malononitrile or methyl cyanoacetate, respectively. Vinyl ether monomers 2a-b, 4a-b, and 6a-b were polymerized with boron trifluoride etherate as a cationic initiator to yield poly(vinyl ethers) 7-9 having oxynitrobenzylidenemalononitrile and oxynitrobenzylidenecyanoacetate, which is effective chromophore for second-order nonlinear optical applications. Polymers 7-9 were soluble in common organic solvents such as acetone and DMSO. Tg values of the resulting polymers were in the range of 67-83 ℃. Electrooptic coefficient (r33) of the poled polymer films were in the range of 15-27 pm/V at 633 nm. Polymers 7-9 showed a thermal stability up to 300 ℃ in TGA thermograms, which is acceptable for NLO device applications.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.155-159
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• 1998

o-(2-Vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (4a), methyl o-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (4b), m-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (5a), methyl m-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (5b), p-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenemalononitrile (6a), and methyl p-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzylidenecyanoacetate (6b) were prepared by the condensation of o-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (1), m-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (2), and p-(2-vinyloxyethoxy)benzaldehyde (3) with malononitrile or methyl cyanoacetate, respectively. Bifunctional vinyl ether monomers 4a-b and 6a-b polymerized readily with cationic initiators to give polymers with the NLO-chromophores o- and p-oxybenzylidenemalononitrile or o- and p-oxybenzylidenecyanoacetate in side chain at -60 ℃, while meta-isomers 5a and 5b gave lower yields of polymers under the same conditions. The resulting polymers 7-9 were soluble in common organic solvents and the inherent viscosities of polymers were in the range of 0.20-0.30 dL/g in acetone. Solution-cast films were clear and brittle, showing Tg values in the range of 40-70 ℃.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 1999

To investigate the effect of the circadian variations on the toluene metabolism, 50％ toluene in olive oil (0.2 m1/100 g body weight) was intraperitoneally administered to the rats every other day for 6 days both in the night; 24:00 and the day; 12:00. Each group of animals was sacrificed at 8 hr after last injection of toluene. Hepatic microsomal aniline hydroxylase activity was more increased in control rats of night phase than those of day phase. On the other hand, the activities of hepatic benzylalcohol dehydrogenase in control rats of night phase showed the similiar value with that in those of day phase and in case of toluene treatment, these enzyme activities in rats of night phase were rather more decreased than those of day phase. Furthermore, hepatic benzaldehyde dehydrogenase activities were more or less higher in the control rats of night phase than those of day phase and by toluene treatment, enzyme activities of rats of night phase were somewhat decreased than those of day phase. in vitro, benzylalcohol or benzaldehyde inhibited the activities of benzylalcohol or aldehyde dehydrngenase prepared from the rats liver supematant. There were no differences in urinary hippuric acid contents between the night phase and day phase both in the control and toluene treated group. The increasing rate of liver weight per body weight (％), serum xanthine oxidase activities were higher in rats of night phase than in those of day phase by toluene treatment. In conclusion, these results indicate that the producing rate of benzylalcohol and benzaldehyde from toluene may be higher in rats of night phase than those of day phase.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.434-437
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• 1975

By fractional crystallization D-mandelic acid salt of diethyl-dl-1-aminobenzylphosphonate prepared from benzaldehyde, diethylphosphite and ammonia at the atmospheric pressure, gave diethyl(-)-1-aminobenzylphosphonate. (+)-1-Aminobenzylphosphonic acid was obtained by acidic hydrolysis of diethyl(-)-1-aminobenzylphosphonate hydrochloride.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 2007

A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of cobalt(II) using 2-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (HMBATSC) as a analytical reagent. The metal ion in aqueous medium forms a brown coloured complex with HMBATSC at pH 6.0. The complex has two absorption maxima at 375 nm and 390 nm. At 375 nm, the reagent shows considerable absorbance, while at 390 nm the reagent does not shows appreciable absorbance. Hence, analytical studies were carried out at 390 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 0.059-2.357 μg ml-1 of Co(II). The molar absorptivity and Sandall's sensitivity of the method are 2.74×104 l mol-1 cm-1 and 0.0024 μg cm-2 respectively. The interference of various diverse ions has been studied. The complex has 1:2 [Co(II)- HMBATSC] stoichiometry. A method for the determination of cobalt(II) by second order derivative spectrophotometry has also been proposed. The proposed methods were applied for the determination of cobalt(II) in alloy steels, vitamin B12 and in some biological samples.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.345-349
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• 2009

This study measured the amounts of uronic acid, total sugars, non-cellulosic neutral sugars, phenolic compounds as well as antioxidants activity in cell wall materials (CWM) derived from different parts of deodeok (Codonopsis lanceolata). The values of the uronic acid (UA): neutral sugars (NS) ratio in polymers extracted from the CWM of the flesh and skin were 4 and 6, respectively. The total sugar contents of the flesh and skin were 788.6 and 824.9 ${mu}g/mg$ of CWM, respectively. Galactose and arabinose were the main noncellulosic neutral sugars. The chemical structure of five phenolic compounds from the CWM were analyzed and identified as vanillic acid, p-OH-benzaldehyde, vanillin, ferulic acid, and 8-O-4' diferulic acid by HPLC spectral data. Among them, p-OH-benzaldehyde, vanillin, and 8-O-4' diferulic acid were the first compounds identified from the deodeok. The content of 8-O-4' diferulic acid in the skin CWM was 56.1 ${mu}g/g$ AIR (alcohol insoluble residue). The ethanol-NaOH fractions from CWM had the highest oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) activities, followed by the AIR fractions and ethanol fractions.