• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.75-91
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• 2004

본 조사는 경남 우포습지 일대의 우포(4개 지점), 목포(2개 지점). 사지포(1개 지점), 쪽지벌(1개 지점), 여벌(1개 지점), 그리고 토평천 본류(2개 지점)를 대상으로 2002년 10월부터 2003년 8월까지 사계절에 걸친 저서성 대형무척추동물(저서무척추동물)의 다양성과 계절적 군집 특성을 규명하고자 실시되었다. 조사의 결과 우포습지는 연안대가 잘 발달하여 저서무척추동물의 서식에 양호한 환경을 지니고 있었지만, 홍수시 범람으로 인한 잦은 연안대의 교란이 저서무척추동물의 생존과 분포에 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 조사기간 동안 채집된 저서무척추동물은 총 3문 7강 15목 59과 105속 135종으로 밝혀져서 우포습지가 지금까지 우리나라에서 알려진 습지 가운데 가장 높은 저서무척추동물 다양성을 나타냈다. 그 중에서 절지동물인 수서곤충류가 103종(파리목 27종, 잠자리목 24종, 딱정벌레목 19종 노린재목 16종, 하루살이목 9종, 날도래목 7종, 톡토기목 1종)으로 가장 많았고, 갑각류가 2종, 연체동물이 19종(복족류 12종, 이매패류 7종), 그리고 환형동물이 11종(빈모류 1종, 거머리류 10종) 채집되었다. 조사지점별 저서무척추동물상은 사지포(St.G)와 쪽지벌(St.H)에서 각각 54종과 53종이 출현하여 가장 높은 다양성을 나타냈고, 그 외의 거의 모든 지점도 40종이 넘게 출현하여 비교적 높은 다양성을 나타냈다. 정량채집(0.5m${\times}$2m) 자료에 의한 저서무척추동물 분류군의 개체수 구성비는 연체동물(5.3%), 환형동물(3.5%), 갑각류(3.2%)를 제외한 거의 모두가 수서곤충류(88.0%)로서 특히 파리목(61.0%)에 속하는 깔따구과의 개체수 현존량이 높았다. 개체수에 따른 우점종의 경우 정수역에서는 깔따구류, 잠자리류, 노린재류, 딱정벌레류, 갑각류, 복족류 등 우점종의 종류가 다양하였고, 유수역의 경우 깔따구류와 꼬마하루살이류가 대체로 우점하였다. 그러나 생체량을 고려할 때 복족류(논우렁이류)가 대체로 우점하는 저서무척추동물이었다. 우점도지수는 가을 0.22～0.51(평균$\pm$표준편차 0.42$\pm$0.09), 겨울 0.31～0.96(0.62$\pm$0.23). 여름 0.30～0.89(0.57$\pm$0.18)였고, 다양도지수는 가을 3.50～4.26(3.80$\pm$0.24), 겨울 1.55～4.50(3 10$\pm$1.01), 여름 1.35～3.77(2.55$\pm$0.69)였다. 홍수 후의 조사에서 노린재류, 딱정벌레류, 복족류 등 이동성이 높거나 완전히 수중생활에 적응한 종류의 회복이 빠른 것으로 나타났다. 전체 조사지점 중에서 우포와 사지포의 평균 다양도지수가 가장 높게 나타나서 그 지역이 양호한 저서무척추동물의 서식처를 형성하고 있음을 시사하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.768-783
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• 2006

Biological stream environment assessment has been an essential trend of aquatic ecosystems among advanced countries, because the chemical water quality assessment has limitations that only represent temporal water environmental status. Benthic macroinvertebrates are the most popular bioindicator group useful to biological water quality assessment for a long time. In addition, a number of indices using benthic macroinvertebrates have recently been developed not only for water quality assessment but also for ecological health assessment. In this paper Korean Saprobic Index (KSI) based on Zelinka-Marvan's saprobic valency concept is developed by applying DIN 38410 in Germany. The KSI value was widely applicable to most Korean streams with the exception of sand-based large streams, for example main stream of Nakdong River. But as a result of non-linear regression analysis the correlation between KSI and $BOD_5$ concentration was high and KSI reflected water quality alteration for mid and long-term period. In spite of applicability of KSI, it should be supplemented and developed to make it strong by accumulating field data as well as to manage integrated water environment in general through continuous biomonitoring.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 가평천을 대상으로 저서성 대형무척추동물 서식처의 수리 특성을 조사하였다. 각각의 무리들 중에서 대표적인 종은, 붙는 무리는 두점하루살이, 헤엄치는 무리는 두갈래하루살이, 굴파는 무리는 깔따구, 기는 무리는 바수염날 도래이었다. 저서성 대형무척추동물은 유속과 수심, 하상의 재료 등 하천의 수리학적 특성에 따라 다른 종류의 무리들이 서식하는 것으로 관찰되었다. 헤엄치는 무리는 수심이나 하상 재료보다는 주로 유속에 의하여 그 서식 상태가 결정되었고, 0.15~0.36 m/s에서 서식하였다. 굴파는 무리는 하상 재료가 모래나 실트인 곳을 선호하고 하상 또는 바로 상부에서 서식하였다. 기는 무리는 하상 재료가 주로 자갈이나 호박돌인 곳을 선호하고 유속이 0.05~0.15 m/s에서 서식하였다. 붙는 무리는 하상재료가 조약돌이나 자갈인 곳을 선호하고 유속이 0.06~0.15 m/s에서 서식하였다. 각 무리별 서식처의 수리 특성이 달라지지만, 일반적으로 저서성 대형 무척추동물은 유속에 의해 서식 상태가 달라진다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.152-164
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• 2019

In this study, a Benthic Macroinvertebrates Family Index (BMFI) was developed using 100 indicator groups (99 families including Chironomidae with 2 phena). Families were assigned a score between 1 and 10 depending on their sensitivity to organic pollution. The BMFI was composed of the sensitivity and relative abundance of the indicator taxa. Sensitivity values of each group were generally similar to Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) scores or Walley, Hawkes, Paisley, Trigg (WHPT) scores of UK, Japanese BMWP scores, and the FBI tolerance values of North America. However, sensitivity values of some taxa were significantly different from those of foreign countries, which seemed to have resulted from discrepancy in species composition, difference of taxonomic classification system, or methodological difference for estimation of sensitivity. As an annual average level, BMFI showed significant correlation with concentration of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) (correlation coefficient r = -0.80, n = 569 sites), total suspended solids (r = -0.68), and total phosphorus (r = -0.79). In addition, BMFI revealed strong correlation with Shannon-Weaver's species diversity (r = 0.85), Margalef's species richness (r = 0.85) and McNaughton's dominance (r = -0.84). Correlation between BMFI and water quality parameters or community indices such as species diversity did not show significant difference compared to that of species-level indices such as BMI (Benthic Macroinvertebrates Index). This means that BMFI is a more useful indicator in terms of easy identification of organisms. BMFI was used to assess the environmental status of 3,017 sites of Stream Ecosystem Survey conducted by the Korean Ministry of Environment between 2016 and 2018. As a result, about half of all sites appeared to be in good condition, and a quarter in poor condition.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.68-79
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• 2014

There are marked differences in climate condition between east-facing slopes and west-facing slopes in Mt. Seorak (1,708 m). This study was conducted to find out the differences of benthic macroinvertebrate communities between both slopes of Mt. Seorak. Quantitative (Surber net; $30cm{\times}30cm$, mesh: 1mm) and qualitative (Hand net; mesh: 1mm) samplings ware carried out seasonally in each site which had 100-meter-high difference from November 2010 to November 2011. Most of the survey sites showed sound environmental conditions because they were located in the protection area of the national park. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from all survey sites were composed of 158 species, 62 families, 17 orders, 7 classes and 5 phyla. DCA (Detrended Correspondence Analysis) ordination based on the abundance of benthic mactoinvertebrates showed that altitude was a major factor governing the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. There was no significant difference of the communities between both slopes.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 1991

A study on the distribution and community structure of the benthic macroinvertebrates on the intertidal zones of Gapa and Mara islets were carried out from March to June 1991. The macroinvertebrates collected and identified were composed of 7 phyla, 14 classes, 29 orders, 68 families and 132 speies in Gapa islet and of 7 phyla, 12 classes, 23 orders, 49 familis and 90 species in Maara islet. The first and second dominant species and the community dominance indices of the upper tidal zones of Gapa and Mara islets were Nodilittorina exigua, Pollicipes mitella and 79.01, 69.77 respectively. However, the dominant species of the middle and lower intertidal zones of the two islets were not identities and different among the tidal zones.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.10-28
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• 1989

A study on the distribution and community structure of benthic macroinvertebrates on the intertidal zone of Cheju Island was carried out from June 1988 to May 1989. The macroinvertebrates collected and identified were composed of 7 phyla, 14 classes, 29 orders, 71 families and 135 species in this study. The dominant species of the upper tidal zone were Nodilittorina granularis and Heminerita japonica, those of the middle tidal zone were Monodonta neritoides and Lunella coronata coreensis, However, Monodonta neritoides and Chlorostoma arhyrostoma lischkei were dominant in the lower tidal zone. Community dominant indices were significantly high in the upper tidal zone. Macuoinvertebrates species which have the ability of resistance to the physical factors such as, strong waves and exposure to the hot sunlight were mainly distributed on the intertidal zone of Cheju Island. The difference in the number of species among seasons was not significant, but thao among zones was quite apparent and the lower the zone, the more abundant.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2017

The ecosystem in the Gwangju Stream has taken a wide range of disturbance such as the discharging water of sewage treatment plant, the lake water and the river water from different water system over the past decade. This study was figured out some significant influence factors by analyzing the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors in the urban stream. Abiotic components included 15 water quality variables which were measured in five sampling sites along the stream from October 2014 to July 2015, whereas the benthic macroinvertebrates found in those sites were used to estimate various biotic indices representing the ecological status of the community. The results of correlation analyses indicated that abiotic factors by human activities affected on the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrates more than biotic factors. The results of cluster analyses and ANOVA tests also showed that biotic and abiotic characteristics were clearly different in season. The main influence factors of cluster analysis by sites were $NH_3-N$, EPT(I) and DO. It was considered that more various statistical analyses would be necessary to find some different relationships and influence factors between biotic and abiotic variables in the urban stream.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1007-1021
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• 2018

Community dynamics of benthic macroinvertebrates and biological evaluation of water quality were investigated at Gigyecheon of Pohang and Gyeongju, Korea. The survey was carried out at 8 sites from May to October, 2017. As a result, total of 104 species under 54 families, 15 orders, 8 classes in 4 phyla with 5,052 individuals were revealed. The number of species was the most abundantly identified in aquatic insects, 76 species under 34 families, 6 orders. Among them, the order Odonata was the most abundant taxon as 21 species(20.2%). The most abundant individuals were collected in the phylum Mollusca as 1,453 individuals(28.8%). Various species appeared dominantly at each site by season, and the most dominant species was Caridina denticulata denticulata belonging to the class Malacostraca with 0.08 of dominance index. According to the results of community structure analyses, the diversity and richness indices were the highest at site II, the evenness index was the highest at site I, and the dominance index was the highest at site IV. The number of species and individuals of gathering collectors were the highest among functional feeding groups. Those of sprawlers were the highest among habitat orientation groups. The ESB showed a tendency to change according to season and site, and it was the highest in May at most surveyed sites. The KSI was also somewhat fluctuated according to season and site. From these indices, average biological water quality was evaluated as class II.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.760-768
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• 2011

Jinwi Stream is considerably polluted. The urban development in a Jinwi Stream basin can make state of aquatic ecosystem worse. However, researches for aquatic ecosystems in Jinwi Stream are insufficient. In this study, biotic indices of periphytic diatoms (DAIpo and TDI), benthic macroinvertebrates (EPT, KSI and ESB) and fish (IBI) were compared with the annual water quality data. Benthic macroinvertebrates indices showed highly significant correlations with concentrations of organic materials and nutrients, while DAIpo, TDI and IBI showed low correlations with them. In particular, ESB can be considered as an useful indicator that reflects the degree of diversity and abundance of biotic community as well as water quality. In polluted and disturbed streams as Jinwi Stream, DAIpo, TDI and IBI appeared to be not available for evaluating and discriminating the water quality, although they have been known as good indices in general streams.