• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study is to propose the benefits of reduction measures according to the occupational radon reference level in order to present basic data for radon management guidelines considering domestic circumstances. Methods: This study uses radon data measured in the subway stations from 2015 to 2016. Of the total of 4,643 cases, 4,231 cases were analyzed excluding the 412 cases where the values were below $300Bq/m^3$. Results: Cost-Benefit analysis was done on the results of the field survey on subway work sites. At the exposure level of $400Bq/m^3$, the ratio between the cost and the benefit was highest at 1 : 1.81(the cost was KRW 1,398,568,032, while the benefit KRW 2,5248,772,841). At the exposure level of $600Bq/m^3$, the ratio of cost and benefit was 1: 1.80, at $300Bq/m^3$ it was 1.72, at $800Bq/m^3$ it was 1.71, at $200Bq/m^3$ it was 1.54, and at $100Bq/m^3$ it was 1.40. Conclusions: Radon management in the workplace provides economic benefits and appropriate reduction strategies are needed. In addition, it is necessary to establish and distribute radon exposure assessment procedures and guidelines for the safety and health of employees when exceeding the exposure standard, and guidelines for radon management in the workplace should be established.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.165-169
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• 2014

This study assessed the economic feasibility of an automatic egg washer. Based on various cost benefit analysis methods, including the net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and benefit cost ratio (B/C Ratio), the automatic egg washer was confirmed to have economic feasibility. The NPVs were 38,565,991 won at 5% discount rate and 32,013,916 won at 10% discount rate, respectively. The IRRs were 1.325 at 5% discount rate and 1.299 at 10% discount rate, respectively. Finally, the B/C ratios were 1.726 at 5% discount rate and 1.699 at 10% discount rate.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.89-102
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• 1998

The purpose of this study is to seek AEI(Air Environmental Indices), PSI(Pollutant Standard Index) and the urban air quality control goal(the best available alternative energy program) by assessing the best ratio of energy types used in urban enterprises, based on harmful health effect and air quality standard and costs. This study is focused on an urban area(Puchun), where area sourcees are associated with heavy traffic, large population, and its industrial sources with large emissions. In the first step, air modeling, estimation of AEI and PSI, and benefit-cost analysis were carried out. In the second step, we assessed that 660 scenarios about the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprises with regard to air quality and cost. In the third step, the best available alternative energy program was selected for the ratio of energy species(B-C oil, light oil and LNG) by using the lexicographic method. From the emission analysis, main source of $NO_2$ is identified as industries and air quality is evaluated according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in urban enterprise. The modeling data of TSP, $SO_2$, $NO_2$, CO, $O_3$, by ISC3 and PBM are respectively $118{\mu}g/m^3$, 0.027ppm, 0.025ppm, 2.0ppm, 0.55ppm in indurstrial area. That data are close to Environmental Air Quality Standard. By means of sensitivity analysis, we obtained the difference in concentration between the areas(Nae-dong, Joong-dong) according to the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG used in the industries. From the result of alternatives assessment the lowest AEI value and cost, the ratio of B-C oil, light oil and LNG are 2.5%, 20%, 77.5%, respectively.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2006.11b
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• pp.407-413
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• 2006

Railways are very important to get stability of railway structure as transportation system carrying a lot of passengers and freight. These days the construction of underground railway crossing such as expansion of new roads, construction of subway and gas pipe is increasing because of economic and social development. But these kinds of construction didn't take into account Cost-benefit analysis of railway which has the most important aspects of railway safety, so the results of construction didn't get a good evaluation. This study adapt Cost-benefit analysis to evaluate the economic validity of underground railway crossing. This study adjust about Cost-benefit analysis of railway part, and analyze the new method and technology of underground railway crossing constructed by Korean National Railroad and Railway Network Authority. Also this study divide between high frequency line and low frequency lineusing B/C, NPV, and IRR analysis. After analysis, B/C ratio method is the most suitable method among B/C, NPV, and IRR analysis method. Therefore this study can express economic benefit quantitatively and decrease the cost by adapting Cost-benefit analysis, and can clearly express the construction feasibility and investment effects of construction of underground railway crossing method.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.45-60
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• 2010

This study evaluates life annuity plans based on two different types of measures : financial benefit and utility on consumption. The financial benefit is measured by Money's Worth (MW) ratio and return on annuity. For the measure of utility, an optimization problem is formulated with the objective of maximizing utility on consumption. To solve the optimization model, we use Dynamic Programming (DP) technique. The both types of measures are applied to cases of Korean pre-retirees at age 40 with different accumulation years of annuity (i.e. level of annuity asset at the age of retirement) and different timings of annuitization. Our results generally indicate that the utility based optimization model is superior to the financial measures in terms of providing a better evaluation of an annuity plan due to its capability to consider an individual's financial situation during his/her retirement period. Also, they suggest that the level of annuity asset is an important factor when an individual determines the optimal annuitization timing.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.89-96
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• 2009

Feasibility which is complimented before Social Overhead Capital Project and National Policy Project is analyzed by economic and political benefits. The projects will be performed if the benefits are bigger than the project cost. In this study, feasibility was examined at various viewpoints on sewer rehabilitation projects implemented with private capitals. To achieve the feasibility analysis, the B/C (Benefit/Cost Ratio), IRR (Internal Rate of Return) and the returns ratio of the Build Transfer Lease project implemented in 2007 at W city were estimated. At the same time, the correlation with B/C and benefit sensitivity of concessionary rate fluctuation were analyzed to evaluate the efficiency and feasibility of the seven sewer rehabilitation projects promoted by a local autonomous entity.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.333-341
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• 2014

To supply substitution water, $2m^3$ of capacity of rainwater harvesting system is designed calculating rainfall, catchment area and LPCD and has a effects to 34.4% of substitution water supply and 237 days of service day. Rainwater of drinking water quality was judged to be suitable except for bacteria problem, however, groundwater is exceeded in nitrate nitrogen, the evaporation residue and also bacteria, which means that the rainwater is suitable for use as water supply. In addition, to consider cost-benefit ratio, economic analysis conducted. The result is that B/C ratio of RWHS (10 years) is 1.70. It means total benefit is bigger than cost. Except to social factor in this study, there are a variety of benefit such as flood or drought prevention, educational effects inspiring water conservation awareness.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2023

Purpose: This study purposed to analyze the economic feasibility of introducing a third party logistics system as a strategic alternative to hospital management. Methods: Economic analysis was performed by measuring changes in costs and benefits before and after implement the third party logistics system and estimating the size of net benefits for the next five years for the target hospital. A questionnaire survey and in-depth interview with stake-holders were conducted to find out the satisfaction and effectiveness of the system. Findings: According to results, the cost-benefit ratio for the implementation of the system was 1.18. For the next five years, the cost-benefit ratio was 1.48, the net present value was about 1.7 billion won, and the internal rate of return was 64%. The satisfaction of internal stake-holders was relatively high, in terms of improving the concentration of unique tasks and increasing the efficiency of inventory management. Practical Implications: It was found that the increase in benefits had a greater effect on the change in the cost-benefit ratio than the increase in costs resulting from the expansion of logistics, and the increase in the present value of net benefits gradually decreased as the cost increased. In addition, overall job satisfaction and satisfaction with outsourcing companies were relatively low, which means that stabilization of the new system is important. Further study is needed for more accurate economic analysis.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.103-109
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• 2013

This paper analyzed that the economic effectiveness of the artificial fish reef project in the Tae-an Marine Ranching. Benefit-cost(B/C) model used to indicate the effects of economic valuation. B/C model is based on the sub-models which are Benefit Cost Ratio(BCR), Net Present Value(NPV) and Internal Ration of Return(IRR). First, the Sum of Incremental Benefit and Cost for total vessel by year in Artificial Fish Reef Area(AFRA) estimated 2,381 million won. And then, using 5.5% discounting rates and the survey data, the sub-models showed economically feasible in the all of analysis and analyzed the results as follows. BCR is 2.66, NPV is 28,014million won, and IRR is 22.78%. In conclusion, these results indicated that the artificial fish reef project in Tae-an Marine Ranching would be increase the income of fishermen as well as fish biomass.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.29 no.2 s.53
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• pp.347-357
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• 1996

Although occupational low back pain accounts for $20\sim40%$ of all occupational illness and injury, there are limited numbers of studies regarding the effectiveness of back school program. The objective of this study was to evaluate the economic benefit of back school program for early return to work of occupational low back pain patients in the current occupational injury compensation and management system. The cost-benefit analysis in this study was conducted to evaluate the relative magnitude of benefit to cost. The total cost was estimated by calculating the value of components in back school program according to governmental budget protocol. The back school program was consisted of three major approaches, pain center, work-hardening program and funcional restoration program and each of components had various facilities and experts. The total amount of cost was estimated as 250,866,220 won per year. The most promising type of back school program were quite intensive (a 3 to 5-week stay in a specialized center), therefore, if we adopted the 5-week stay course, 10 courses could be held in a year. Following to the medical act, 20 patients per doctor could participate in a each course, ie, total 200 patients in a year. As a result, we could estimate the cost of 1,254,331 won a patient. We estimated the benefit by using data of a few local labor offices about average medical treatment beneficiary and off-duty beneficiary of 46 occupational low back pain patients in 1994. Ullman and Larsson (1977) mentioned that the group of chronic low back pain patients who participated in back school program needed less time to recover by 48.4% of beneficiary duration. And in the trying to estimate the benefit, we asked 10 rehabilitation board certificate doctors about reduction proportion of treatment cost by introducing back school program. The answered reduction proportions were in the range of $30\sim45%$, average 39%. As a final result, we could see that the introduction of back school program in treatment of chronic occupational low back pain patients could produce the benefit to cost ratio as 3.90 and 6.28. And we could conclude that the introduction of back school program was beneficial to current occupational injury compensation and management system.