• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.441-451
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors of CRM(Customer Relationship Management) activity and the difference in CRM effects according to customers responses. The investigators interviewed the buyers of three department stores in Daejeon area and surveyed 468 people aged over 20 who had ever shopped at those stores. For data analysis, we used factorial analysis, multiple regression analysis, path analysis, and ANOVA, etc., along with SPSS 10.0. The results of this study are as follows: 1) Six CRM activity factors were identified as 'Benefit & Information,' 'Service,' 'Customer Invitation,' 'Customer Contact,' 'Special Management,' and 'Purchase-related Help.' 2) Customer satisfaction of CRM-positive group was affected by such factors as 'Service,' 'Customer Invitation,' and 'Special Management,' and also customer loyalty directly by 'Customer Satisfaction' and 'Benefit & Information.' On the other hand, customer satisfaction of CRM-less-positive-group was influenced by the factors such as 'Service,' 'Purchase-related Help,' 'Customer Contact,' and 'Special Management,' and also customer loyalty directly by 'Customer Satisfaction' and 'Service.'

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7871-7874
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• 2015

Background: There is no consensus regarding the selection of treatment options for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after initial transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). This meta-analysis aimed to explore the survival benefit of hepatic resection after initial TACE for the treatment of HCC. Materials and Methods: We searched three major databases to identify all relevant papers comparing the outcomes of hepatic resection after initial TACE versus TACE alone for the treatment of HCC. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated to evaluate the survival benefit of hepatic resection after initial TACE over TACE alone. Results: Three of 2037 initially identified papers were included. All of them were cohort studies from Asia. There was a significantly better overall survival (OS) in patients undergoing hepatic resection after initial TACE than in those undergoing TACE alone (HR=0.63, 95%CI=0.52-0.76, P<0.00001). The heterogeneity among studies was not statistically significant (P=0.96; I2=0%). Conclusions: Hepatic resection could improve the OS of HCC patients treated with initial TACE. Further randomized controlled trials should be necessary to identify the target population for the sequential use of hepatic resection after initial TACE and to compare the outcomes between patients undergoing hepatic resection after initial TACE session versus those undergoing TACE alone.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.31-56
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• 2009

As the competition intensifies and the market matures, marketers are more and more concerned with the relationship marketing. Many of the previous researches have pointed out that not all of the consumers are relationship-oriented. But none of the previous research has systematically investigated this issue. This research investigated the relationship among the three concepts: consumers' intrinsic characteristics, perceived importance of relational benefits, and relationship building intention with the salesperson. In this research the perceived importance of relational benefits is treated as mediating variable in the relationship between consumers' intrinsic characteristics and relationship building intention with the salesperson. The conceptual model in this study can be depicted as follows. From the consumers' perspective relational benefits can be defined as "the additional benefits consumers can receive in addition to core services through the long-term relationship with the service provider." And in this study two kinds of relational benefits are adopted by reviewing the previous research: confidence benefits and social benefits. Relational benefit received from the salesperson is very important to predict consumers' relationship building intention with the salesperson. The more relational benefits consumer wants from the salesperson, the more relationship building intention he/she has. From this point two hypotheses are derived as follows. Hypothesis 1: As the perceived importance of confidence benefit from the salesperson increases, the relationship building intention with the salesperson increases. Hypothesis 2: As the perceived importance of social benefit from the salesperson increases, the relationship building intention with the salesperson increases. In this study four individual characteristics(risk taking tendency, variety-seeking tendency, product knowledge, trust orientation) are hypothesized to influence the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson. And three individual characteristics(interpersonal orientation, price consciousness, trust orientation) are hypothesized to influence the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson. These 7 hypotheses are as follows. Hypothesis 3: As the risk taking tendency increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 4: As the variety-seeking tendency increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 5: As the product knowledge increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 6: As the trust orientation increases, the perceived importance of confidence benefits from the salesperson increases. Hypothesis 7: As the interpersonal orientation increases, the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson increases. Hypothesis 8: As the price consciousness increases, the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson decreases. Hypothesis 9: As the trust orientation increases, the perceived importance of social benefits from the salesperson increases. The whole model in this study can be depicted as follows: Data were collected from the 396 consumers who actually trade stocks through the salesperson and were analyzed using structural equation model. The analysis results show that consumers' perceived importance of relational benefits(confidence benefit and social benefit) play the roles of mediating variables in the causal relationship between consumers' inherent characteristics and their relationship building intention with the salesperson. As for the individual characteristics, the influences of variety-seeking tendency, trust orientation, and price consciousness are statistically significant. It was found that variety-seeking tendency has a significant negative effect on the perceived importance of confidence benefit, and that trust orientation has a significant positive effect on the perceived importance of both of confidence and social benefit. Finally it was also found that, on the contrary to the influence direction suggested in the hypothesis, price consciousness has a significant positive effect on the perceived importance of social benefit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.130-142
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• 2014

The Korean government is considering implementation of the marine ecosystem restoration technology program (MERTP) to analyze the current status of the marine ecosystems and causes for the ecosystem deterioration as well as to eventually establish a master strategic plan for restoring ecosystem functions and preventing ecosystem functional loss. In order to determine likelihood of successful implementation, it is essential to perform an analysis of the economic feasibility of the program. The present study assessed economic feasibility of the MERTP. To this end, the dichotomous choice contingent valuation (CV) method is used. In particular, dichotomous choice (DC) format is employed as a method of eliciting willingness-to-pay (WTP) response to incentive-compatible mechanisms. The study also employed the spike model to deal with zero WTP responses from the DC CV survey. This survey of 1,000 randomly selected households in accordance with the guidelines provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (USA) was carried out nationwide in 2013. And, the respondents were asked in person-to-person interviews about their WTP for implementing the MERTP. The results showed that the annual mean WTP was estimated to be 5,414 won per household. Consequently, the annual benefit from the MERTP would be about 98.6 billion won for the next five years. Economic feasibility assessment utilizing the MERTP investment cost and expansion cost of the value provided that net present value, benefit/cost ratio, and internal rate of return are 337.8 billion won, 5.20, and 65.9 %, respectively, which are bigger than 0, 1.0, and 5.5 %, and that the MERTP passes the cost-benefit analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.483-491
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the economic effect of the use of recycled aggregate on the construction industry and the effect of increasing the value of the recycled aggregate production industry on the premise of supporting quality assurance technology to promote the high-quality use of recycled aggregate. Accordingly, the production cost of ready-mixed concrete that can be obtained through the use of high-quality recycled aggregate is analyzed according to the recycled aggregate application rate recommended in the recycled aggregate quality standard, The economic effect of general ready-mixed concrete and recycled aggregate-applied rea dy-mixed concrete industry wa s a na lyzed by identifying the domestic rea dy-mixed concrete industry sca le a nd the ra te of satisfaction of recycled aggregate volume, and a cost-benefit analysis method was used to examine the benefits of high-quality recycled aggregate production and sales. As a result, the production cost of ready-mixed concrete is reduced by 2.3~16.2% depending on the application rate, the economic effect of the use of recycled aggregate on the construction industry is about 106.8~142.6 billion KRW, and the effect of increasing the value of the recycled aggregate production industry generated about 1.22 times the benefit.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.263-289
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• 2024

In this paper, we quantify the socio-economic impacts of recycling from a carbon social benefit perspective based on a life cycle assessment and economic evaluation of the printed circuit board (PCB) recycling process for waste mobile phones. In particular, we compare the metal recovery process through PCB recycling of waste mobile phones with the traditional metal mining and smelting process, and analyze the change in carbon dioxide emissions under two electricity generation mixes in 2018 and 2030. The analysis shows that for both gold and copper, PCB recycling generates 6.86 times and 3.69 times more carbon dioxide than traditional mining and smelting, respectively. However, when the 2030 electricity generation mix is applied, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted in the recycling process decreases by 44.72% and 44.65% for copper and gold recovery, respectively. This is due to the nature of the recycling process, which uses electricity as the main energy source. A cost-benefit analysis that includes the social cost of carbon dioxide shows a B/C of 1.95, indicating that recycling is economically feasible. However, this result does not take into account both the problem of securing a sufficient amount of waste PCBs and the social cost of the pollutants emitted by the recycling process. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that cost-benefit analyses reflecting the social cost of carbon and carbon dioxide emissions through life cycle assessment of the recycling process will continue to be actively conducted not only for PCB waste recycling, but also for the circular economy and recycling processes that have recently attracted attention.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2008

Purpose: Neonatal screening tests are increasingly being used forearly diagnosis of inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) in the hope of avoiding the severe developmental delay, acute illness, and death that may result from these diseases. In this study, a cost-benefit analysis was performed on the neonatal screening of maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Korea. Materials and Methods: This study included 1,259,220 Korean newborns born between January 2005 to December 2007, who were screened for maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. We calculated and compared the total costs in cases where these four screening tests were implemented, and those where they were not. Results: There were no benefits to screening for maple syrup urine disease or homocystinuria due to their low prevalence for these two tests, the costs exceeded the benefits at benefit:cost ratios of 0.5:1 and 0.6:1, respectively. In contrast, benefits far exceed costs at a ratio of 4.1:1 for galactosemia and 2.9:1 for congenital adrenal hyperplasia. The average benefit:cost ratio for all four tests was 2.0:1. Conclusion: Neonatal screening tests for maple syrup urine disease, homocystinuria, galactosemia, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia are financially viable.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4337-4347
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze a research on the influence of consumers' purchasing selection criteria for golf-wear upon clothing pursuit benefit and purchase satisfaction. It selected people who are using golf games and golf courses in each city and county where are located in Gangwon-do Province, and surveyed targeting totally 206 people by using convenience sampling. As for data processing, the collected materials in this study were carried out frequency & percentage, reliability analysis, correlation & multiple regression analysis by using SPSS 13.0 program. The results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing socio-demographic characteristics, the similar distribution was shown by gender with 51.0% in men and 49.0% in women. By age, the age group from their 40s to 50s was indicated to be the largest. The martial status was indicated to be a litter higher in the married with 57.3% compared to the unmarried with 42.7%. By healthy condition, what tends to be healthy can be known to be the largest with 79.4%. Second, positive correlation was indicated all in correlation of consumers' purchasing selection criteria for golf-wear with the clothing pursuit benefit and satisfaction. Third, as a result of analyzing on relationship of the golf-wear purchasing selection criteria with the clothing pursuit benefit, the purchasing selection criteria were indicated to have influence upon the ideal pursuit, the fashion & brand, comfort pursuit, and youthand-individuality pursuit, which are the clothing pursuit benefits. Fourth, the analytical result on the purchasing selection criteria for golf-wear with purchase satisfaction was indicated to have significant influence upon consumers' golf-wear purchase satisfaction.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.23-38
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• 2019

The National Land Census Project aims to survey the national land regularly to resolve the land category disagreement and reflect the actual land use. The objective of this study is to investigate whether not only the National Land Census Project but also related land and housing surveys bring about the improvement of social welfare in light of the invested budget, and to measure the project feasibility. The potential benefit after the National Land Census Project is not traded in the market. To determine the economic value of this potential benefit, the Contingent Valuation Method was used. This study utilized the single-bounded and double-bounded dichotomous choice models simultaneously to estimate the project feasibility of the cadastral system improvement. According to this study, cost-benefit ratio of the project was estimated larger than 1, which means that social benefits are larger than social costs.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.225-235
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• 2021

To attain the long-term benefits of forest restoration in North Korea, it is important to present the economic value of reforestation. This study as aimed to evaluate the economic value based on cost-benefit analysis from the ecosystem services perspective. The benefits of reforestation were classified into ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water supply, soil erosion control, and disaster risk reduction, and were converted into economic values to calculate comprehensive benefits. In the forest restoration scenario, an "independent forest restoration scenario (IFS)" and a "cooperation-based forest restoration scenario (CFS)" were composed in consideration of recent afforestation performance and forest policy, and the difference in the quantity of afforestation was derived as a scenario despite the same restoration period. In the IFS, it is estimated that over the next two decades, 800 thousand ha of the forest will be restored at a cost of KRW 3,829 billion, resulting in a benefit of KRW 6.87 trillion. The present benefit net value is KRW 3,39 trillion. In the CFS, it is estimated that the benefits of KRW 18,890 billion will be generated by restoring 2.2 million ha of the forest at a cost of KRW 10,053 billion. The present benefit net value is KRW 8,359 billion. In both scenarios, BCR had an economic feasibility value greater than 1, but there was a big difference in the expected benefits. In conclusion, forest restoration can have higher benefits than cost, and its value could be enhanced through forest cooperation.