• Journal of computational fluids engineering
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.48-54
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• 2008

COMS (Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite) is a geostationary satellite and has been developing by KARI for communication, ocean and meteorological observations. It will be launched by ARIANE 5. Ka-band components are installed on South panel, where single solar array wing is mounted. Radiators, embedded heat pipes, external heat pipe, insulation blankets and heaters are utilized for the thermal control of the satellite. The Ka-band payload section is divided several areas based on unit operating temperature in order to optimize radiator area and maximize heat rejection capability. Other equipment for sensors and bus are installed on North panel. The ocean and meteorological sensors are installed on optical benches on the top floor to decouple thermally from the satellite. During the transfer orbit operation, satellite will be under severe thermal environments due to low dissipation of components, satellite attitudes and LAE(Liquid Apogee Engine) firing. This paper presents temperature and heater power prediction and validation of thermal control design during transfer orbit operation.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2002

The purposes of this study actually measure to the dimension and the quality of material play equipment's examine whether they meet safety standards or not, and intend to offer basic data to present proper safety standards concerning the dimension of play equipment in the end. The subjects for this study were 59 outdoor playgrounds, 30 among them located in apartment sites and the remainder did in residential districts. The time of actual measurement was in June 1999, and June 2000. Data were analyzed into frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation by using SPSSWIN program. The main results were as follows.: First, more than half of playgrounds were assessed for being traffic hazards due to the adjacent streets. And they were hardly equipped with the toilet and drinking water facilities, but were almost equipped with the shade of a tree and benches. Second, it was caused in inconvenience of children's use and difficulty of play equipments'management, since the quality of play equipments materials was consisted of wood or metal. Third, the standards for swing and slide were established in detail and actual measurement's results were suitable to standards'value as well, whereas the standards for seesaw and climber were not in detail and they did not design or install suitably.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.10a
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• pp.227-231
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• 2007

COMS (Communication, Ocean and Meteorological Satellite) is a geostationary satellite and has been developing by KARI for communication and ocean and meteorological observations. It will be launched by ARIANE 5. Ka-band components are installed on South panel, where single solar array wing is mounted. Radiators, embedded heat pipes, external heat pipe, insulation blankets and heaters are utilized for the thermal control of the satellite. The Ka-band payload section is divided several areas based on unit operating temperature in order to optimize radiator area and maximize heat rejection capability. Other equipment for sensors and bus are installed on North panel. The ocean and meteorological sensors are installed on optical benches on the top floor to decouple thermally from the satellite. During the transfer orbit operation, satellite will be under severe thermal environments due to low dissipation of components, satellite attitudes and LAE(Liquid Apogee Engine) firing. This paper presents temperature and heater power prediction and validation of thermal control design during transfer orbit operation.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.75-82
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• 2004

The channel transmission ratio is speeded up by the combination of the Huffman algorithm, the model scheme of the lossy transform having minimum average code lengths for the image information and good instantaneous decoding capability, with the Lempel-Ziv algorithm showing the fast processing performance during the compression process. In order to increase the processing speed during the compression process, ICMEP algorithm is proposed and the entropy encoder of HDTV is designed and inspected. The ICMEP entropy encoder have been designed by choosing the top-down method and consisted of the source codes and the test benches by the behavior expression with VHDL. As a simulation results, implemented ICMEP entropy encoder confirmed that whole system efficiency by memory saturation prevention and compressibility increase improves.

• Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.73-80
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• 2000

Aerodynamics in a naturally ventilated multi-span greenhouse with plants was analyzed numerically by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. To investigate the potential application of CFD techniques to greenhouse design and analysis, the numerical results of the CFD model were compared with the results of a steady-state mass and energy balance numerical model. Assuming the results of the mass and energy balance model as the standard, reasonably good agreement was obtained between the natural ventilation rates computed by the CFD numerical model and the mass and energy balance model. The steady-state CFD model during a sunny day showed negative errors as high as 15% in the morning and comparable positive errors in the afternoon. Such errors assumed to be due to heat storage in the floor, benches, and greenhouse structure. For a west wind of 2.5 m s$^{-1}$ , the internal nonporous shading screens that opened to the east were predicted to have a 15.6% better air exchange rate than opened to the west. It was generally predicted that the presence of nonporous internal shading screens significantly reduced natural ventilation if the horizontal opening of the screen for each span was smaller that the effective roof vent opening.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.3-12
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• 2016

This study analyses characteristics of space to facilitate community centering on cases of collective houses in Japan and uses the results as basic data to activate collective houses as an alternative form of housing in our country. To identify the characteristics of space for active communities with collective living space, this study conducted a theoretical examination on collective houses and housing, derived territoriality, accessibility, comfort and safety as factors of community activation and analysed various cases, and the results are presented as follows: First, territoriality is a necessary condition for formation of community, and a confined and physical space. It indicates the proper size of a space and diverse spacial areas which meet the needs of residents with the proper size and amount of space (space which can accommodate diverse generations including women, the aged and the young, flexible space which changes according to the purposes and program, space which supports leisure and hobby activities, and space which can accommodate outsiders). Second, accessibility indicates an environment which supports residents' easy use of space. As the more accessible it is, the higher the frequency of its use, spatial factors (piloti, backyards, benches and tables) should be provided, community space should be arranged in a central or decentralized way and community living space should be made for each floor. As for exits, accessibility should be considered in every way; entrances connected with community spaces, open entrances and entrances accessible from outside or individual living spaces. Third, comfort satisfies the physical and mental needs of residents through separation of floors and flows between the community and individual spaces for privacy and formation of eco-friendly spaces including vegetable gardens, gardens and plant arrangements. Fourth, safety should be considered for a higher quality environment with psychological stability and comfort, for which the following are recommended: installation of hand-rails, removal of thresholds, spacial design for the socially weak, duplex and open type structures for community space, open stages and halls, as well as indoor and outdoor openness through the use of windows.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.58-72
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• 2003

Rooftop greenery has been used as a way to solve urban environmental problems by creating green space in densely populated cities. This study was carried out to suggest more effective designs for roof-garden at hospitals through a post-occupancy evaluation. The roofgarden of Asan Medical Center was evaluated with regards to setting, proximate environmental context, users, and design activity by a multi-method including plan investigations, observations, in-depth interviews and questionnaires. The results are summarized as follows; the users' main activities included resting, walking, and talking. A number of users were observed at shaded spaces sitting on such things as benches, pergolas, and shelters. The satisfaction of the users showed high satisfaction level except in the amount of shade, facilities, and shelter. The variables affecting a overall satisfaction were ‘accessibility’, ‘safety’, ‘quality of surroundings’, and ‘suitability for speculation’. By comparing the design concept with using pattern, designer's intention was not reflected sufficiently in several aspects such as ‘event deck for therapy programs’, ‘grove and path’, and ‘low planters’. This study suggests some design implications; it is necessary to furnish shaded sitting places for passive behaviors and pathways for walking or a light exercise. A wind-break wall with glass windows could widen the users' views in a limited space. Natural shade like tree shade or pergola are more desirable than artificial shades. As for the vertical location of the roofgarden, the middle floor could be better than top area for accessibility. Characteristics of building and users should be considered in detail to provide distinct spaces. Proper technical standards for the greening of artificial ground should be established.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.210-214
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• 2006

Along with the development of industrious society, the shape of city and the way of life have changed in accordance. The development of the city deepened gravitation of the city population, leading to the lack of housing and land, and apartment complexes became an alternative way of securing a number of families into a small space of land. Apartment can have a lot of families reside In a small space of land, and it can also be satisfactory to individual's privacy and anti-crime measures. On the other hand, there are negative problems with it. Among them, contacts with neighboring people showed that they only greeted each other when they met in the walkway. As shown in this, one of the reasons that there is a lack of friend ship activities is because there is short of space for common use. And in comparison to those of stairway walkway, apartments with one-passage walk way showed a higher level of contacts with neighbors. It is assumed that apartments with one-passage walk way have more chances to meet neighbors than do those of stairway walkway. This study analyzed the phases appearing in neighbor relations through investigation of the literature, and presented a coping measure. One solution is to prepare flower beds from the outside of walkway by enlarging the width of the walkway in apartments with one-passage walk way, and providing benches in front of flower beds so that residents can take a rest there. The more often residential people take a rest there, the more frequently they can meet each other. Accordingly this can solve problems of contacts with neighbors and the dreary scene of walkway can become a wider view in a nature friendly environment, bringing them to an active acquaintance activities.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.40-50
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• 2016

A BIM, which is being applied actively to the construction and civil construction industries, is a technology that can maximize efficiency of various sectors from initial planning and design, construction, and maintenance, to demolition; however, it is in the introductory phase in the field of domestic landscaping. In order to introduce and promote BIM in the field of landscape design, this study developed a prototype of a library and template and analyzed the performance of trial application. For the development of a prototype, annotations and types were analyzed from floor plans of existing small parks, and components of landscape template were deduced. Based on this, play facilities, pergola, and benches were madeintofamily and templates, making automatic design possible. In addition, annotations and tags that are often used in landscape design were made, and a 3D view was materialized through visibility/graphic reassignment. As for tables and quantities, boundary stone table, mounding table, summary sheet of quantities, table of contents, and summary sheet of packaging quantities were grouped and connected with floor plans; regarding landscaping trees, classification criteria and name of trees that are suitable for domestic situations were applied. A landscape template was created to enable the library file format(rfa) that can be mounted on a building with BIM programs. As for problems that arose after the trial application of the prepared template, some CAD files could not be imported; also, while writing tables, the basis of calculation could not be made automatically. Regarding this, it is thought that functions of a BIM program and template need improvement.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.163-169
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to find out whether the environment is based on the Color Universal Design (CUD, CUD Recommended Color Set Guidebook), which is located in the area with the highest proportion of elderly people in the city of Busan in Korea. Five nearby parks in the walking district of Busan were selected to measure the environmental color with a spectrophotometer(Minolta CM-2600d) and web color search. The range of the color survey was limited to the pavement; public facilities(sign, benches, restroom), and exercise&sports facilities. The results of the study are as follows. Overall, the Y color group was dominant, with similar color usage and intensity, and similar levels of saturation. This was analyzed based on the Color Universal Design theory, suggesting that the visual characteristics of the elderly were not taken into account, and the Neighborhood Park located in Busan was found to lack the environmental color of consideration for the visual characteristics. In addition, this study could act as a basic study that can be applied to social and environmental colors that reflect the color perception and cognitive characteristics of the elderly.