• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.366-381
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• 2020

Steganography has been successfully employed in various applications, e.g., copyright control of materials, smart identity cards, video error correction during transmission, etc. Deep learning-based steganography models can hide information adaptively through network learning, and they draw much more attention. However, the capacity, security, and robustness of the existing deep learning-based steganography models are still not fully satisfactory. In this paper, three models for different cases, i.e., a basic model, a secure model, a secure and robust model, have been proposed for different cases. In the basic model, the functions of high-capacity secret information hiding and extraction have been realized through an encoding network and a decoding network respectively. The high-capacity steganography is implemented by hiding a secret image into a carrier image having the same resolution with the help of concat operations, InceptionBlock and convolutional layers. Moreover, the secret image is hidden into the channel B of carrier image only to resolve the problem of color distortion. In the secure model, to enhance the security of the basic model, a steganalysis network has been added into the basic model to form an adversarial network. In the secure and robust model, an attack network has been inserted into the secure model to improve its robustness further. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed secure model and the secure and robust model have an overall better performance than some existing high-capacity deep learning-based steganography models. The secure model performs best in invisibility and security. The secure and robust model is the most robust against some attacks.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2020

연구는 '콘텐츠 소비'의 관점과 '한국의 것에 대한 인식'관점에서 중국시장에서 간접적 한류 체험이 한국의 국가이미지와 제품 구매의도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 중국 베이징과 상하이 지역 중국 대학생을 대상으로 총 178부를 최종 분석하였다. 연구 분석 결과, 간접적 한류체험에 대한 인식은 한국 국가 이미지와 제품 구매의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 또한, 국가이미지는 후광효과로 제품 구매 의도에 긍정적인 영향이 나타났다. 한국에 대한 관심도는 한류의 전파에 의해 향상될 수 있으며, 이는 단기간 내에 한국에 대한 네임 밸류(name value)를 높이는 결정적 계기될 수 있다. 한류의 주소비자로 부상하고 있는 링링허우(00後)에 대한 관심과 연구가 필요하다. 그들의 사회, 문화적 심리 요소와 특성을 잘 파악해서 세대별 차별화된 콘텐츠를 개발하고, 현지 마케팅 전략을 고려해야 한다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.745-754
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• 2000

문화역사지리학회지의 논문을 총괄해 보면, 지리정보시스템과 원격탐사 분야에 대한 전통적인 역사지리학자들의 입장은 크게 학문적인 발전 도구로서 인정하려는 경향과 더불어 적극적인 수용 입장을 보이지 않은 것으로 보인다. 역사지리학적 사실을 탐구하거나 그 결과물을 표현하는 방식으로 위성영상의 활용방안에 대한 다양한 접근을 시도해 본 결과, 상이한 공간해상도를 갖는 위성영상이 여러수준의 정보를 포함할 수 있다는 것과 축적의 개념을 역사지리의 내용으로 활용할 수 있었다. 역사지리지도집의 내용과 AVHRR 기상위성 자료의 시기별 중첩을 통해 중국의 상하지 지역 해안선의 변화에 대한 이해를 명확히 할 수 있으며, 전문적인 위성영상의 분석과정을 생략하고도 많은 정보를 전달 할 수 있는 매개체로 활용 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 Landsat Thematic Mapper 와 IKONOS 영상과 옛 성곽의 경계를 중첩한 결과를 상호 분석하였다. 고고학에서 적극 수용하는 정보기술의 활용에 관한 활발한 논의에 기초하여 역사지리학에서 위성영상과 지리정보시스템을 활용할 때 기대할 수 있는 활용성과 발생할 수 있는 문제점을 논의하였다.

• Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Purpose: This paper analyzed the features of Winter Olympics mascots in chronological order by examining the evolution of mascots and presented the attributes of the Winter Olympics mascots from Innsbruck 1976 to Beijing 2022. Research design, data, and methodology: This paper conducted an exploratory study on the thinking to understand the characteristics of 13 Winter Olympics Mascots through literature review. Results: First, the mascot is a fictional character, usually an artificial character that represents the locality of the host city, including animals, human figures, and local inhabitants. Second, Schneemann, Innsbruck 1976 was known as the first official Winter Olympics mascot. Third, 19 mascots out of a total of 24 mascots were created using animals. Conclusions: The six attributes of the Winter Olympics mascots were identified: friendliness, symbolic meaning, originality, diversity, value, and identity of a special location. Above all, Winter Olympics has a locality that includes areas covered with ice and snow. From this point of view, the Olympics mascot highlights the image of snow and ice and the physical environment that includes it.

• 복식
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• 제66권6호
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• pp.158-177
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• 2016

In recent years, K-beauty including Korean cosmetics and beauty care tips, is becoming popular in various Asian countries such as China and Vietnam along, with the popularity of the Korean wave. Color images are a highly effective tool in establishing image development strategies in the process of developing cosmetic brands. Surveys on the color images of K-beauty perceived by foreigners need to be preceded for the development of differentiated images and the establishment of management strategies regarding K-beauty. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the color images perceived by Asian consumers about K-beauty, and come up with measures to facilitate K-beauty. To this end, this study selected the two countries, China and Vietnam that show high levels of acceptance of K-beauty, and compared the color images of K-beauty perceived by female consumers in these countries. Then, the study visually suggested these images with color palettes, and compared differences in the perception of color images according to demographic characteristics. Beijing and Shanghai showed similar degrees of perception in most color images of K-beauty whereas Hanoi showed a lower perception level. K-beauty color images were classified into 6 groups: feminine, natural, elegant, modern, sensual, active, and popular, which represent symbolic images of K-beauty.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.2769-2784
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• 2020

This paper aims to compare the scenic images of four ancient Chinese cities including Lijiang, Pingyao, Huizhou and Langzhong, so as to provide specific development strategies for the ancient cities. In this paper, the ancient cities' scenic images are divided into three sub-indexes and eight evaluation dimensions. Based on this, the study first uses Python software to collect tourists' online comments on the four ancient cities. Then, the social network analysis method is used to build a high-frequency keywords matrix of tourist comments and the R language is used to generate a visual network graph. After this, the entropy weight method is used to determine the weights and values of eight evaluation dimensions. Finally, the tourists' overall satisfaction indexes of the four ancient cities are calculated accordingly. The results show that (1) the overall satisfaction of Lijiang is the highest, while that of Huizhou is the lowest; (2) from the weight of each evaluation dimension, it can be seen that tourists care more about the national culture and historical culture; (3) from tourists' satisfaction index on each evaluation dimension of the four ancient cities, we can find that the four ancient cities has their own advantages and disadvantages in tourism development. (4) local tourism-related institutions should strengthen their advantages and improve their deficiencies so as to enhance tourists' overall image of the ancient city.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.189-217
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• 2009

본 연구는 중국 소비자를 대상으로 소비자와 기업 간의 동일시정도가 한국제품에 대한 평가와 소비자의 행위적 반응에 미치는 영향에 대하여 알아보고 있다. 또한 기업-소비자 동일시에 영향을 미치는 요인들로 기업의 능력과 기업의 사회적 책임이행이라는 두 가지 기업이미지 변수를 선정하고 이들이 기업-소비자 동일시 정도에 미치는 차별적인 영향도 구조방정식 모형을 통하여 함께 분석하고 있다. 실증분석 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기업의 능력과 기업의 사회적 책임이행은 전반적으로 기업-소비자 동일시에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 한국기업에 대한 중국 소비자들의 기업-소비자 동일시는 한국제품에 대한 평가에, 한국제품에 대한 호의적인 평가는 중국 소비자들의 행위적 반응에 모두 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 앞으로 중국시장에 진출한 한국기업들이 장기적이고 지속적인 소비자와의 관계를 유지하기 위하여 기업의 능력을 높이는 것도 중요하지만 기업의 사회적 책임을 충실히 이행하는데 더 많은 노력을 기울여야 함을 시사한다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.344-353
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• 2021

Objective: The mitotic count of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is closely associated with the risk of planting and metastasis. The purpose of this study was to develop a predictive model for the mitotic index of local primary GIST, based on deep learning algorithm. Materials and Methods: Abdominal contrast-enhanced CT images of 148 pathologically confirmed GIST cases were retrospectively collected for the development of a deep learning classification algorithm. The areas of GIST masses on the CT images were retrospectively labelled by an experienced radiologist. The postoperative pathological mitotic count was considered as the gold standard (high mitotic count, > 5/50 high-power fields [HPFs]; low mitotic count, ≤ 5/50 HPFs). A binary classification model was trained on the basis of the VGG16 convolutional neural network, using the CT images with the training set (n = 108), validation set (n = 20), and the test set (n = 20). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated at both, the image level and the patient level. The receiver operating characteristic curves were generated on the basis of the model prediction results and the area under curves (AUCs) were calculated. The risk categories of the tumors were predicted according to the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology criteria. Results: At the image level, the classification prediction results of the mitotic counts in the test cohort were as follows: sensitivity 85.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.834-0.877), specificity 67.5% (95% CI: 0.636-0.712), PPV 82.1% (95% CI: 0.797-0.843), NPV 73.0% (95% CI: 0.691-0.766), and AUC 0.771 (95% CI: 0.750-0.791). At the patient level, the classification prediction results in the test cohort were as follows: sensitivity 90.0% (95% CI: 0.541-0.995), specificity 70.0% (95% CI: 0.354-0.919), PPV 75.0% (95% CI: 0.428-0.933), NPV 87.5% (95% CI: 0.467-0.993), and AUC 0.800 (95% CI: 0.563-0.943). Conclusion: We developed and preliminarily verified the GIST mitotic count binary prediction model, based on the VGG convolutional neural network. The model displayed a good predictive performance.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to target Chinese consumers of Korean agri-food through the analysis of agri-food brand identity images to set future directions for proposed agri-food exports to China. Since negotiations began for a free trade agreement (FTA) between Korea and China, some Koreans have worried about the Korean agriculture sector. The world trading system has undergone many changes in recent years. Since the start of FTA negotiations on agriculture, China and Korea have faced a heightened sense of crisis. China is trying to export agricultural products so actively that its agricultural exports could increase by more than 7% annually. China exported about one-tenth of its agricultural products to Korea in the period 2002-2010. Recently, the importance of brand identity has tended to increase, as the world becomes one unified market. In this situation, we should try to promote agri-food exports to China. It is very important to understand consumers' recognition of Korean food and the image of the Korean agri-food industry, to establish an export strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - This study targeted 2,800 adult men and women aged 25-59 years living in four major cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Qingdao) with a household income within the top 10% level in the China, using the one-to-one interview survey method. In addition, four groups by region (eight people per group) for a total of 32 groups were surveyed by using the focus group interview (FGI) research method, and impressions of imported agri-food were surveyed using 17 questions about fresh agri-food and 22 questions on processed agri-food. Factor analysis, brand positioning, biplot analysis, and so on, were carried out based on the results of these surveys. This research presents the brand identity of Korean food; according to the analyses, the brand identity is based on trust, safety, and attractiveness. Result - Factor analysis results showed that Chinese consumers expect four major qualities in imported fresh agri-food: freshness/safety, attractive appearance, premium branding, and excellent taste/quality. In the case of processed agri-food, it turned out that Chinese consumers are focused on safety/hygiene/freshness, health, and taste. In addition, in the fresh agri-food analysis by country, American foods had the upper hand; the image of American foods was also recognized as the most positive for processed agri-food. Meanwhile, according to the biplot analysis, Korean agri-food is strongly preferred for its appearance, but no country is strongly preferred as regards the level of freshness/safety that is expected by Chinese consumers. Conclusions - In this study, we analyzed the image of imported agri-food expected by Chinese consumers by reconstructing agri-food characteristics from the brand perspective. The research result shows that a Korean brand identity must be the ultimate goal for activities undertaken to enhance the image of Korean agri-food in the future. Additional research is needed because brand image can be formed through various channels.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제26권5_6호
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• pp.1149-1159
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• 2008

Blind source extraction (BSE) is a special class of blind source separation (BSS) methods, which only extracts one or a subset of the sources at a time. Based on the time delay of the desired signal, a simple but important extraction algorithm (simplified " BC algorithm")was presented by Barros and Cichocki. However, the performance of this method is not satisfying in some cases for which it only carries out the constrained minimization of the mean squared error. To overcome these drawbacks, ICA with reference (ICA-R) based approach, which considers the higher-order statistics of sources, is added as the second stage for further source extraction. Specifically, BC algorithm is exploited to roughly extract the desired signal. Then the extracted signal in the first stage, as the reference signal of ICA-R method, is further used to extract the desired sources as cleanly as possible. Simulations on synthetic data and real-world data show its validity and usefulness.