• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.191-204
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• 1999

A literature study was progressed for Introduction of the conception of oriental medical diagnosis and treatment and establishment of studious foundation of current and oriental medical cooperation for Beçet's disease to be known chronic and repetitional disease. In current medicine, valid medicine for Beçet's disease, from Beçet's, a turkish doctor, announced it the very first, was not made and objective diagnostic method not existed. Through clinical cases in oriental medical treatment, it was known that, except herbal medication, acupuncture, medicine of external application and beam-therapy were applied.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.411-413
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• 2020

A 34-year-old man who had undergone aortic valve replacement 8 years ago underwent an additional Bentall operation due to mechanical valve dehiscence 2 years later. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with Behçet disease and Batter syndrome. A week after being hospitalized again due to chest pain and dyspnea, a large pseudo-aneurysm was detected on computed tomography. Because of the excessively large size of the pseudo-aneurysm, surgical treatment seemed very risky. Therefore, we planned to perform thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) and treated him successfully. However, the patient experienced recurrence of the same symptoms 4 months later, and was found to have type IV endoleak. He received a TEVAR procedure again, and it was successful.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.332-337
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• 2021

Behçet's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder involving vessels of various sizes and organs, including the skin, joints, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, and cardiovascular system. The etiology of Behçet's disease is unclear, and clinical diagnosis is important in the absence of definitive laboratory or pathological findings diagnostic of Behçet's disease. Cardiac involvement is rare but might present as endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis, or intracardiac thrombosis. This report presents a case of Behçet's disease involving the heart in a 22-year-old man with unusual manifestations of right ventricular fibrosis and intracardiac thrombosis. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple intracardiac thrombi and delayed diffuse subendocardial enhancement involving the right ventricle. No peripheral eosinophilia was detected. Endomyocardial biopsy showed mixed inflammatory cell infiltrates. Based on the patient's clinical history of oral ulcer and arthritis, a diagnosis of Behçet's disease was made considering the clinical, radiological, and histological findings. Intracardiac thrombi and endomyocardial fibrosis are rare manifestations of Behçet's disease, and the diagnosis is often a clinical challenge. Early diagnosis is important for appropriate management. Behçet's disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with intracardiac thrombosis and endomyocardial fibrosis of the right chamber.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.381-386
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• 2020

Background: Behçet disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder with a varying etiology. Herein, we report the involvement of peripheral veins in Behçet disease and discuss the treatment thereof. Methods: Thirty-four patients with venous involvement in vasculo-Behçet disease were retrospectively analyzed over 15 years. We reviewed the clinical manifestations, treatment choices, and complications of these patients. Results: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) was observed in 24 patients (70.59%) and varicose veins in 19 (52.94%). Immunosuppressive treatment was administered to all patients due to the pathological feature of vein wall inflammation. In patients with DVT, anticoagulation therapy was also used, but post-thrombotic syndrome was observed in all patients along with chronic luminal changes. Eleven patients with isolated varicose veins underwent surgery; although symptoms and lesions recurred in half of these patients, no cases of secondary DVT occurred. Conclusion: When DVT was diagnosed in patients with Behçet disease, there was no cure for the lesions. Ultrasonographic abnormalities were observed in all patients, and post-thrombotic syndrome remained to varying degrees. In cases of isolated varicose veins in patients with Behçet disease, DVT did not occur after surgical treatment. If the activity of Behçet disease is controlled, surgical correction of varicose veins is preferable.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2002

Background: To evaluate the efficiency of surgical treatment in patients with cardiac valvular and arterial involvement of Behcet's syndrome. Material and Method: 12 patients underwent surgical treatment due to the valvular heart diseases and the various arterial diseases associated with Behest's syndrome over 7 years; 6 with valvular heart disease, 1 with annuloaortic ectasia, 1 with ascending aortic aneurysm, 4 with pseudoaneurysms in abdominal aorta(n=2), carotid artery(n=1), and popliteal artery(n=1). All 12 patients had received valvular replacement(n=6) and the artificial(n=5) or autologous(n=1) graft interposition. We followed the results of these surgical treatments. Result: Operations were technically successful in all 12 patients and peri-operative complication was not demonstrated. However, 10 patients had recurrences; 6 with valvular dehiscence, 3 with pseudoaneurysm at anastostomosis site, and 1 with aorto-duodenal fistula. The duration of recurrence was 1 to 55 months(mean: 15.7$\pm$ 16.2 months). 7 patients underwent the second operation and among them, 4 patients showed repeated recurrences. Overall, 5 patients died 2 to 25 months after the operation(mean: 13.6 months), because of the bleeding at the anastomosis site Five patients did not present recurrence after the first(n=2) or the second operation(n=3) and their follow up duration was 5 to 60 months(mean: 45.8$\pm$41.7 months). Five patients received immune-suppressive therapy after the first(n=2) and second operation(n=3). Three did not shown recurrence for the 13, 29 and 33 months. Conclusion: Post-operative prognosis of arterial manifestation of Behcet's syndrome was not encouraging and if possible, other treatment strategy should be considered.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.405-410
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• 2002

Behçet's disease is a chronic systemic inflammatory disorder with an unknown etiology. It affects many organs and is characterized by recurrent attacks. Pulmonary artery aneurysms occur more frequent in males, and it is one of the rare pulmonary complications of Behçet's disease. It has a poor prognosis, and is also one of the leading causes of death from Behçet's disease. Here we report a case of suspected Behçet's disease diagnosed by a manifestation of a pulmonary artery aneurysm in a 37-year-old woman.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.41-46
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• 2002

In our study, the several cytokines were determined in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Adamantiades-Behcets patients. Adamantiades-Behcets disease (ABD) is a systemic inflammatory disorder and might involve immune dysfunction. High levels of $TNF-\alpha,\;IL-1\beta$ and $IFN-{\gamma}$ indicate the activation of inflammatory reactions and immune system in ABD. Gami-Phedoc-San (GPS) is an Oriental herbal medication, which has been used in Korea for the treatment of ABD. GPS (1 mg/ ml) significantly inhibited the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, $TNF-\alpha\;and\;IL-1\beta$, compared to absence of GPS (by $50.5{\pm}1.9%$ inhibition for $TNF-\alpha$ and $106.9{\pm}16.8%$ for $IL-1\beta$). GPS also inhibited the production of $IFN-\gamma$, immunoregulatory Th1 cytokine, by $78.4{\pm}2.8%$. The inhibitory effects of GPS on cytokine secretion showed dose-dependent manner, and the pre-treatment of 1 mg/ml GPS had better effects than immunosuppressive drug for treatment of ABD, cyclosporin A. Our results suggest that GPS treatment for ABD patients might have pharmacological activity of immune and inflammatory responses through the cytokine modulation.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.2 s.33
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• pp.248-265
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• 2006

Impulse of ki refers to palpitation around the navel, it is mostly caused by impairment of yang due to erroneous sweating, deficiency of the spleen yang. Behcet's syndrome caused by prolonged damp-heat and pathogenic germs. Its symptoms are characterized by conjunctival congestion, blue canthus and ulceration of the oral cavity, restlessness all the time, etc. It is advisable to follow the therapeutic principles of clearing away heat and drying damp, detoxicating and sterilizing. Lily disease is one of the emotional disease. It caused by yin deficiency of the heart and lung, found in mental depression or convalescence after a critical disease. Its symptoms are characterized by restlessness, reticence, insomnia, failure to walk, poor appetite, a subjective hot or cold, bitter taste and dark urine. It is advisable to follow the therapeutic principle of nourishing yin to clear away heat. Cholera refers to the disease marked by sudden severe vomiting and diarrhea, and colic of the heart and the abdomen. It is mostly caused by deficiency of the ki in the middle-energizer, emotional stress, etc. It is characterized by such symptoms as sudden severe vomiting and diarrhea, restlessness, etc. It is advisable to follow the therapeutic principles of warming yang and removing toxic substances, and strengthening the spleen and stomach. Heat invasion of blood chamber due to affection of the exterior pathogens, pathogenic heat invading the blood in deficiency and fighting with the blood. Its symptoms are marked by fever, feeling of the fullness, etc. There are deficiency of blood, hot blood and stasis of blood. The different therapeutic treatment should be taken according to different types thereof.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.112-135
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• 2021

Objectives : To report a case of drug-induced xerostomia treated with Integrative Korean Medicine Visiting Care Service of a Public Health Center. Methods : Home visit treatment and telemedicine were provided by public health doctor(Korean medicine doctor) for person with physical disability who were diagnosed with Behcet's Disease. Palmul-tang(PMT) soft extract was provided steadily 3 times a day for 6 months, and acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, and electro-moxibustion were provided irregularly 6 times for 6 months. Yin-deficiency questionnaire(YDQ), oral health impact profile-14(OHIP-14), oral pain visual analogue scale(VAS), and xerostomia inventory(XI) were used 3 times(baseline, intermediate and termination) to evaluate the changes. Results : YDQ decreased from 620 to 375, OHIP-14 decreased from 34 to 6, VAS decreased from 70 to 40, and XI decreased from 44 to 34. Four scales all gradually decreased. Conclusions : Integrative Korean Medicine Treatments in health insurance including PMT soft extract through home visit treatment can improve drug-induced xerostomia and Quality of life(QoL) of person with disabilities.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.768-773
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• 2002

Behcets disease is a systemic inflammatory disorder. The etiology and pathogenesis of Behcets disease has yet been fully elucidated but might involve immune dysfunction. Cytokines involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions and immune responses may play a role in the pathogenesis of Behcets disease (BD). Onchungeum is an Oriental herbal medication, which has been successfully used in Korea for the treatment of BD. This report describes modulation effects of Onchungeum on cytokine production from phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of Behcets patients by ELISA. Onchungeum significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. TNF-α and IL-1β, compared to absence of Onchungeum (by 52.3 1.4 % inhibition for TNF-α and 113.5 3.3 % for IL-1β, p < 0.001). Onchungeum also inhibited the production of IFN-γ, immunoregulatory Th1 cytokine, by 89.4 0.8 % (p < 0.001). The inhibitory effects of Onchungeum on cytokine production showed dose-dependent manner, and the pre-treatment of 1 mg/ml Onchungeum had better effects than immunosuppressive drug for treatment of BD, cyclosporin A. Our results suggest that Onchungeum treatment for Behcets disease patients may have pharmacologic activities and abilities of regulation of immune and inflammatory responses by cytokine modulation.