• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2016

Various mechanical and chemical pretreatment methods including alkali treatment, pre-beating, enzyme treatment and oxidation treatment have been used to reduce the production energy of the microfibrillated cellulose (MFC). Among them, alkali swelling can be helpful to reduce the energy consumption because the internal bonding between fibrils could be weakened. In this study, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as a cosolvent to improve alkali pretreatment efficiency and the effects of NaOH concentration during NaOH-DMSO swelling on changes in fiber characteristics of softwood bleached kraft pulp (SwBKP) were elucidated. For alkali treatment in H2O-DMSO solvents, fiber length were decreased with increasing NaOH concentration while fiber width, curl and WRV were increased. WRV began to increase at 8% NaOH solution. In addition, above 8% concentration of NaOH, crystalline structure of pulp fibers converted from cellulose II to cellulose III by DMSO cosolvent. Comparing the previous results with this study, it was shown that DMSO cosolvent could promote swelling of pulp fibers and thus reduce NaOH concentration for the maximum swelling of fibers.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.15-23
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to introduce oriental medicine music therapy related to the treatment of obesity. Obesity is caused by deficiency of the spleen, retention of phlegm, stagnation of liver Gi. According to the patients' state, the musical instruments should be chosen. In case of deficiency of the spleen, retention of phlegm, and stagnation of liver Gi, the obese patients beat pulsatile instruments to Earth-Gi rhythm, Fire-Gi rhythm, and Wood-Gi rhythm respectively. In addition to beating the musical instrument to the Five Phases rhythm, an oral sound therapy, relieving constraint therapy, and dispersing therapy can be performed. This study describes the theory of oriental medicine music therapy that has a good possibility as a new method of oriental medical treatment. It is necessary to study in measuring the effects after oriental medicine music therapy from now on.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.21-38
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• 1993

In order to investigate the influence of recycling, a laboratory method simulating the papermaking process was used for assessing the effects of recycling on fiber properties. Sw-BKP, Hw-BKP and BGP were disintegrated and beaten to about 42$^{\circ}$SR-44$^{\circ}$SR by a valley beater. After beating, these pulps were dewatered by centrifuge and dried at 90$^{\circ}C$ for 72hrs. This recycling process(sequence of wetting, defiberating, dewatering and drying) was repeated seven times. Physical, mechanical and optical properties of recycled pulps were evaluated by TAPPI Standards. Morphological changes occurred through recycling process was observed by SEM. Sheet density decreased with recycling. The largest drop in density occurred during the first recycling. The porosity values decreased with recycling. Mechanical properties such as tensile, burst strength and folding endurance, decreased with recycling. However tear strength of Sw-BKP and mixtured pulp increased at the first recycling. Optical properties such as brightness, opacity and light scattering coefficient, increased with recycling. However, brightness of mixtured pulp gradually decreased with recycling. Fibrillated outer layer of the fiber was gradually removed from the surface with recycling. As a result of recycling, crinkles on the fiber surface were found to be more folded.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제67권7호
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• pp.962-968
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• 2018

In this study, we developed novel indicators to assess postoperative pain based on PPG derivative waveform. As the candidate indicator of postoperative pain assessment, the time from the start of beating to the n-th peak($T_n$) and the n-th peak amplitude($A_n$) of the PPG derivative were selected. In order to verify derived indicators, each candidate indicator was derived from the PPG of 78 subjects before and after surgery, and it was confirmed whether significant changes were observed after surgery. Logistic classification was performed with each proposed indicator to calculate the pain classification accuracy, then the classification performance was compared with SPI(Surgical Pleth Index, GE Healthcare, Chicago, US). The results showed that there were significant differences(p < 0.01) in all indicators except for $T_3$ and $A_3$. The coefficient of variation(CV) of every time-related indicators were lower than the CV of SPI(30.43%), however, the CV in amplitude-related parameters were higher than that of SPI. Among the candidate indicators, amplitude of the first peak, $A_1$, showed that highest accuracy in post-operative pain classification, 68.72%, and it is 15.53% higher than SPI.

• 복식
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• 제35권
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• pp.293-304
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• 1997

This paper is a study on the expression of Clothing and Textiles recorded in $\boxDr$Eigamono-katary$\boxUl$This book is a novel de-scribed the Royal Court from 883 till 1107. In this book many kinds of Garments Orna-ments Colors and Materials were mentioned. But in this paper 69 kinds of Garments and Ornaments were reserched and the rest will be reported in the next paper, The discoveries of this paper were as follows. 1. All the things of this book were reflections of the reality in Heian period. 2. The main styling of that period was a little bit soft but the straight silhouette were fashioned, . In that time Clothing had a special meaning and the manner for a fashion was very important, .3 In the female garments Karakoromo were developed many kinds of pattern by dyeing method, Especially the Surizome was fashioned very much. 4. there were many kinds of gray tone like as clerical robe and mouning dress. This was the effection of Buddism style. 5. The decoration of fablics and garments were usualized for instance smooding and luster by beating and starch sewuing a piece of gold silver and shell nakabe and knot bend. Shawl Yumaki and Kosizasi was a charming point of that time, . 6, hair decoration shose parasol rain coat etc, . were developed and use freuently.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1028-1033
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• 2009

To detect faults and monitor thinning on a pipe, many people use ultra sonic sensors that are operated in high frequency range. Because there are many modes in high frequency range, it is difficult to find faults and monitor pipe thinning on a structure. If we deal with signals in a low frequency range which include only A0 wave and S0 wave, the information of monitoring and diagnosis can be easily obtained. In this paper, the technique for exciting low frequency range using ultra sonic sensors is proposed. The main idea of the proposed method comes from the beat phenomenon. The beat frequency is equal to the absolute value of the difference in frequency of the two waves. If the beat frequency is tuned by two ultra waves, we can excite A0 mode and S0 mode of structures. To verify the proposed method, we have performed a steel plate and pipe experiments. Experimental results show that two ultra sonic sensors can well excite low frequency range.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2010

Pulping properties of the imported mixed eucalyptus chips and the domestic yellow poplar chips were investigated for comparing two chips as the raw materials for the hardwood chemical pulp. Soda-AQ (anthraquinone) pulping was applied for this study. The pulp from yellow poplar showed higher pulp yield than pulp from mixed eucalyptus, which comes from the lower hot-water soluble extractives and the higher polysaccharides in yellow poplar chips than those of the mixed eucalyptus chips. The yellow poplar pulp had higher average fiber length and fiber width than those of the mixed eucalyptus pulp, which led to the better respond to beating and the higher tear strength than those of the pulp from the mixed eucalyptus chips.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.812-822
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• 2014

Metagenomic analysis of the human intestinal microbiota has extended our understanding of the role of these bacteria in improving human intestinal health; however, a number of reports have shown that current total fecal DNA extraction methods and 16S rRNA universal primer sets could affect the species coverage and resolution of these analyses. Here, we improved the extraction method for total DNA from human fecal samples by optimization of the lysis buffer, boiling time (10 min), and bead-beating time (0 min). In addition, we developed a new long-range 16S rRNA universal PCR primer set targeting the V6 to V9 regions with a 580 bp DNA product length. This new 16S rRNA primer set was evaluated by comparison with two previously developed 16S rRNA universal primer sets and showed high species coverage and resolution. The optimized total fecal DNA extraction method and newly designed long-range 16S rRNA universal primer set will be useful for the highly accurate metagenomic analysis of adult and infant intestinal microbiota with minimization of any bias.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.557-566
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• 2016

Heart sounds generated by the beating heart and blood flow reflect the turbulence created when the heart valves snap shut. Cardiac diagnosis is typically started by an auscultation using a stethoscope, from which a medical doctor, depending on his hearing capabilities and training, listens and interprets the acoustic signal. This method of diagnostic is uncertain, mostly due to the fact that human ear loses the acoustic frequency sensitivity through the years. Even though an auscultation has some weaknesses like uncertainty, it is considered as a primary tool due to its simplicity. In this paper, heart murmur detection algorithm is proposed using time and frequency characteristics of heart sound. The propose heart murmur detection method adapted conventional primary heart sound detection method in time domain and modified spectral flatness method in frequency domain for detecting heart murmurs. From experimental results, it is confirmed that the proposed algorithm detect the heart murmurs efficiently.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권8호
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• pp.425-433
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• 2002

This research investigates the electromechanical characteristics of a sing1e-phase squirrel cage induction motor due to broken rotor bars and rotor eccentricity. Numerical analysis is performed by solving the nonlinear time-stepping finite element equation coupled with the magnetic field equation, circuit equation and mechanical equation of motion. It shows that the asymmetry of magnetic flux due to the broken rotor bars and rotor eccentricity introduce a change in the stator current, torque, speed, magnetic force and vibration of a rotor at the same time. However, even in the existence of rotor eccentricity, 3 broken rotor bar introduces a dominant change in the magnetic force and rotor displacement, i.e., beating phenomenon in time domain and sideband frequencies in frequency spectra, respectively.