• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.211-217
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• 2019

In an complicated battlefield environment, information from enemy's camp is an important factor in carrying out military operations. For obtaining this information, the number of UAVs that can be deployed to the mission without our forces' loss and at low cost is increasing. Because the mission environment has anti-aircraft weapons, mission space is needed for UAV to guarantee survivability without being killed. The concept of Configuration Space is used to define the mission space considering with range of weapons and detect range of UAV. UAV must visit whole given area to obtain the information and perform Coverage Path Planning for this. Based on threats to UAV and importance of information that will be obtained, area that UAV should visit first is defined. Grid Map is generated and mapping threat information to each grid for UAV path planning. On this study, coverage conditions and path planning procedures are presented based on the threat information on Grid Map, and mission space is expanded to improve detection efficiency. Finally, simulations are performed, and results are presented using the suggested UAV path planning method in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 2019

Wireless sensor networks are used to monitor and control areas in a variety of military and civilian areas such as battlefield surveillance, intrusion detection, disaster recovery, biological detection, and environmental monitoring. Since the sensor nodes are randomly placed in the area of interest, separation of the sensor network area may occur due to environmental obstacles or a sensor may not exist in some areas. Also, in the situation where the sensor node is placed in a non-relocatable place, some node may exhaust energy or physical hole of the sensor node may cause coverage hole. Coverage holes can affect the performance of the entire sensor network, such as reducing data reliability, changing network topologies, disconnecting data links, and degrading transmission load. It is possible to solve the problem that occurs in the coverage hole by finding a coverage hole in the sensor network and further arranging a new sensor node in the detected coverage hole. The existing coverage hole detection technique is based on the location of the sensor node, but it is inefficient to mount the GPS on the sensor node having limited resources, and performing other location information processing causes a lot of message transmission overhead. In this paper, we propose an Adjacent Matrix-based Hole Coverage Discovery(AMHCD) scheme based on connectivity of neighboring nodes. The method searches for whether the connectivity of the neighboring nodes constitutes a closed shape based on the adjacent matrix, and determines whether the node is an internal node or a boundary node. Therefore, the message overhead for the location information strokes does not occur and can be applied irrespective of the position information error.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 2021

The Ministry of National Defense aims to create an environment in which transparent and reasonable defense policies can be implemented in real time by establishing the vision of smart defense innovation based on the Fourth Industrial Revolution and promoting innovation in technology-based defense operation systems. Artificial intelligence (AI) based defense technology is at the level of basic research worldwide, includes no domestic tasks, and involves classified military operation data and command control/decision information. Further, it is needed to secure independent technologies specialized for our military. In the army, military power continues to decline due to aging and declining population. In addition, it is expected that there will be more than 500,000 units should be managed simultaneously, to recognize the battle situation in real time on the future battlefields. Such a complex battlefield, command decisions will be limited by the experience and expertise of individual commanders. Accordingly, the study of AI core technologies supporting real-time combat command is actively pursued at home and abroad. It is necessary to strengthen future defense capabilities by identifying potential threats that commanders are likely to miss, improving the viability of the combat system, ensuring smart commanders always win conflicts and providing reasonable AI digital staff based on data science. This paper describes the recent research trends in AI military staff technology supporting commander decision-making, broken down into five key areas.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.539-544
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• 2021

The tactical data link is a military data network to improve the ability to recognize battlefield situations. The ROK military is promoting the tactical data link performance improvement programs. Tactical data link is essential to combine and integrate various platforms, sensor data, and command and control (C2) systems. Therefore, the research on related technical fields is required. However, the tactical data link has not disclosed detailed technical information due to the characteristics of military operation. In this paper, we propose a data-based automated analysis methodology using intellectual property information to understand the technology trend of tactical data link. In this paper, data related to intellectual property is automatically collected and pre-processed, and analyzed in terms of time series. In addition, the current status of each institution of patent technology information was generated, and the process of identifying key-researchers through network analysis was presented with providing results of our approach in this paper.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.623-631
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• 2020

An electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attack on a nuclear weapon or the airlift of an electronic bomb affects weapons systems, information devices, wired and wireless communication equipment, and power supply equipment. It can lead to confusion on the battlefield. The current standards for EMP protection when applied to the military are centered on fixed and mobile facilities and equipment. It is, however, important to study EMP protection for a single tactical unit centered on the weapon system. In this study, EMP protection standards were established for command and control, maneuvering and firepower systems vulnerable to EMPs, focusing on battle tanks with mobility, firepower, and shock force. Also, specific development plans for EMP protection capabilities are proposed, including the shielding and blocking of EMPs. Through the study, the Korean government intends to ensure a unit's command and control under an EMP attack as well as preserve the viability of a unit's personnel and guarantee the conditions for the execution of a mission.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2021

In actual battlefield environment, the naval ships which have specific missions have to respond to the attack of hostile forces. Especially, in modern warfare, the importance of the survivability of naval ships are increasing due to the high lethality of armaments. Naval ship survivability is generally considered to encompass three constituents, susceptibility, vulnerability and recoverability. Recently, among these three constituents, many researches on vulnerability have been conducted. However, for the vulnerability of naval ships, most of researches are aimed towards the detailed design stages where implementing changes is heavily constrained or even impractical. In this paper, vulnerability assessment model for naval ships on a theater engagement is developed by using M&S technique. By using this model, the characteristics of platform and armaments are reflected on the damage of naval ship. The basic logic of damage assessment is also considered in detail. The damage status of the naval ship is quantified by defining a representative state index of onboard equipment for each system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2022

UAVs have been deployed various missions such as deception, reconnaissance and attack since they have been applied in battlefield and achieved missions successfully instead of man. In the past, it is impossible for UAVs to conduct autonomous missions or cooperative mission between manned aircraft due to the limitation of the technology. However, theses missions are possible owing to the advance in communication and AI Technology. In this research, we identified the possible cooperative missions between manned and unmanned team based on air-to-air mission. We studied cooperative manned and unmanned tactics about fighter sweep mission which is the core and basic operation among various air-to-air missions. We also developed cooperative tactics of manned and unmanned team by classifying nonstealth and stealth confrontational tactics. Hereafter, we verified the validity of the suggested tactics using computer simulations.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.21-26
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• 2021

After starting the war on terrorism, the U.S. military began to utilize the strength of its women's workforce by operating a cultural support team (CST) and a women's close combat team (FET) that obtained the information needed for civil operations with emphasis on civil factors. In addition, in order to subdue resistance forces that carry out surprise attacks by covering the shielded terrain of the rugged land or among residents, female personnel with excellent understanding, calmness, and detail were operated as unmanned aircraft operators (RPA). Since the situations that the U.S. has already experienced are likely to be reproduced on the Korean Peninsula, the South Korean military will be able to overcome uncertainties in the future battlefield environment by utilizing the U.S. female workforce.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.689-702
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a situation-specific theory to explain nurses' experiences of the COVID-19 crisis. Methods: The participants were 16 hospital nurses who experienced the COVID-19 crisis. Data were collected through in-depth individual interviews from September 2, 2020 to January 20, 2021. Transcribed interview contents were analyzed using Corbin and Strauss's grounded theory method. Results: A total of 38 concepts and 13 categories were identified through an open coding process. The core category found was becoming a pioneering nurse who turns crises into opportunities. The causal conditions were the chaos of being exposed defenselessly to an unexpected pandemic, fear caused by a nursing care field reminiscent of a battlefield, and moral distress from failing to protect patients' human dignity. The contextual conditions were feeling like the scapegoat of the hospital organization, increasing uncertainty due to the unpredictable state of COVID-19, and relative deprivation due to inappropriate treatment. The central phenomenon was suffering alone while experiencing the dedication of the COVID-19 hero image. The action/interactional strategy were efforts to find a breakthrough and getting the nurse's mind right, and the intervening conditions were gratitude for those who care for broken hearts and getting used to myself with repetitive work. The Consequences were becoming an independent nurse and frustration with the unchanging reality. Conclusion: This study provides the foundation for the nurse's situation-specific theory of the COVID-19 crisis by defining the crisis perceived by nurses who cared for COVID-19 patients and suggesting types of coping with the crisis.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.971-980
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• 2021

Recently popularized drone technologies have revealed that low-cost small unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) can be a significant threat to prevailing power by operating in group or in swarms. Researchers in many countries have tried to utilize integrated swarm unmanned aerial system(SUAS) in the battlefield. Agency for Defense Development also identified four core technologies in developing SUAS: swarm control, swarm network, swarm information, and swarm collaboration, and the authors started researches on swarm control and network technologies in order to be able to operate vehicle platforms as the first stage. This paper introduces design and integration of SUAS consisting of small fixed-wing UAVs, swarm control and network algorithms, a ground control system, and a launcher, with which swarm control and network technologies have been verified by flight tests. 19 fixed-wing UAVs succeeded in swarm flight in the final flight test for the first time as a domestic research.