• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2011

To address global climate change, various governments are investing in electric vehicle research and, especially in Korea, the application of electric vehicles to public transportation. The lithium batteries used in electric vehicles typically have an expected life cycle of 2-5 years. If electric vehicles become commonly used, they will generate many discarded batteries that could be harmful to the environment. Additionally, lithium batteries are potentially explosive and should be handled appropriately. Thus, reverse logistics issues are involved in handling expired batteries efficiently and safely. Reverse logistics includes the collection, recycling, remanufacturing, and discarding of waste. This study developed a reverse logistics process for electric vehicle batteries after analyzing the as-is process for lead and lithium batteries. It also developed possible disposal regulations for electric vehicle batteries based on current laws regarding conventional batteries.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.90-99
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• 2023

Recently, with the trend of information technology convergence and electrification, batteries are being widely used in fields such as industry, transportation, and specific applications. By 2030, the secondary battery market is expected to grow explosively by more than eight times compared with 2020 to $351.7 billion owing to the expanding adoption of electric vehicles. Depending on the electrochemical reactions in the electrode, a primary battery can only discharge through an irreversible reaction, while a secondary battery can be repeatedly charged and discharged using reversible reactions. According to the type of charge carrier ions, secondary batteries may be classified into those made of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and aluminum ions. We analyze the current status and technological issues of lithium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and solid-state batteries, which are representative examples of lithium secondary batteries. In addition, research trends in lithium secondary batteries are discussed.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.345-362
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• 2023

As the widespread adoption and proliferation of electric vehicles continue, the secondary battery market is experiencing rapid growth. However, lithium-ion batteries, which constitute a majority of secondary batteries, present high risks of fire and explosion. Solid-state batteries are thus garnering attention as the next-generation batteries since they eliminate fire hazards and significantly reduce the risk of explosions. Against this background, the study aimed to analyze research trends and provide insights by examining 2,927 domestic papers related to solid-state batteries over the past decade (2013-2022). Specifically, we used topic modeling to extract major keywords associated with solid-state batteries research and to explore the network characteristics across major topics. The changes in research on solid-state batteries were analyzed in-depth by calculating topic dominance by year. The findings provide an overview of the emerging trends in domestic solid-state battery research, and might serve as a valuable reference in shaping long-term research directions.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.69-70
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• 2006

In lithium-ion batteries, separator membrane's, main role is to physically isolate a cathode and an anode while maintaining rapid transport of ionic charge carriers during the passage of electric current. As far as battery safety is concerned, the electrical isolation of electrodes is most crucial since unexpected short-circuits across the membrane induces hot spots where thermal runaway may break out. Internal short-circuits are generally believed to occur by protrusions on the electrode surface either by unavoidable deposits of metallic impurities or by dendritic lithium growth during battery operation. Another cause is shrinkage of the separator membrane when exposed to heat. If separator membrane can be engineered to prevent the internal short-circuit, it will not be difficult to improve lithium-ion batteries' safety. Commonly the separators employed in lithium-ion batteries are made of polyethylene (PE) and/or polypropylene (PP). These materials have terrible limitations in preventing the fore-mentioned internal short-circuit between electrodes due to their poor dimensional stability and mechanical strength. In this study we have developed a novel separator membrane that possesses very high thermal and mechanical stability. The cells employing this separator provided noticeable safety improvement in the various abuse tests.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.51-58
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• 2019

폐일차리튬전지는 열을 가하거나 파쇄하면 폭발할 수 있기 때문에 재활용을위해 비폭발 폐일차리튬전지의 해체공정이 요구된다. 이 연구에서는 비폭발 해체공정을 위한 최적 방전공정을 조사하였다. 폐일차리튬전지가 $0.5kmol{\cdot}m^{-3}$ 황산용액에서 방전되었을 때, 전지의 반응성은 $35^{\circ}C$에서는 4일 후, $50^{\circ}C$에서는 1일 후에 감소하였다. 황산용액을 사용했을 때 유가금속이 손실되기 때문에 황산용액과 물을 순차적으로 사용하는 방전공정이 제안되었다. $0.5kmol{\cdot}m^{-3}$ 황산용액에서 6시간 방전 후 물에서 24시간 동안 방전했을 때, 폭발없이 배터리의 해체가 가능하였다. 새로운 공정에서 금속 손실이 감소하였기 때문에, 새롭게 제안된 2단계 방전공정에 의해 경제적인 재활용 공정이 가능하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.998-1002
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• 2008

The gel electrolytes were prepared with sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, where hydrophilic fumed silica was used as a gelling agent. The influences of gel electrolyte on performance of the valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) batteries were investigated employing capacity tests, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The initial capacities of the sulfuric gel VRLA batteries were higher than that of phosphoric gel VRLA batteries. The sulfuric gel VRLA battery using 1.210 specific gravity of sulfuric acid with hydrophilic fumed silica exhibited the highest capacity of 0.828Ah. In the impedance measurements, the ohmic and charge transfer resistances for the phosphoric gel VRLA batteries were higher thanthat of sulfuric gel batteries. The morphology of electrodes of phosphoric gel VRLA batteries were more deteriorated in the SEM image.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2011년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.5-5
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• 2011

Lithium ion batteries are found to have wide range of applications in variety of mobile devices ranging from simple toys to electric vehicles. The performance of these batteries depends on the choice of constituent materials. In this lecture, the materials aspects and perspectives of the electrode batteries will be discussed. Results from some of the specific studies made at speaker's laboratory will be presented.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2011

Lithium batteries are widely used in mobile electronic devices due to their higher voltage and energy density, lighter weight and longer life cycle when compared to other secondary batteries. In particular, a high demand for lithium batteries is expected for electric cars. In the case of the lithium batteries used in electric cars, driving distance must be calculated accurately and discharging should not be done below a level that makes it impossible to crank. Therefore, accurate information on the state-of-charge (SOC) becomes an essential element for reliable driving. In this paper, a novel method for estimating the SOC of lithium polymer batteries using AC impedance is proposed. In the proposed method, the parameters are extracted by fitting the measured impedance spectrum on an equivalent impedance model and the variation in the parameter values at each SOC is used to estimate the SOC. Also to shorten the long length of time required for the measurement of the impedance spectrum, a novel method is proposed that can extract the equivalent impedance model parameters of lithium polymer batteries with the impedance measured at only two specific frequencies. Experiments are conducted on lithium polymer batteries, with similar capacities, made by different manufacturers to prove the validity of the proposed method.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.77-81
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• 2001

소형 2차전지의 사용이 급격하게 증가함에 따라 폐전지가 대량 배출되어 환경문제를 야기하고 유한한 자원이 낭비되고 있다. 선진국에서는 법적 ·제도적으로 폐전지의 회수 및 재활용을 유도하고 있으며, 전지관련업계도 폐전지 회수단체를 구성하여 회수 및 재활용에 나서고 있다. 국내도 폐전지의 배출양은 계속 증가하고 있으나 폐전지의 회수 및 재활용을 위한 인프라가 거의 구축되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 따라서, 조속한 시일 내에 폐전지의 회수 및 재활용이 이루어지도록 대책을 마련할 필요가 있다.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.753-763
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• 2016

High temperature sodium/sulfur battery(Na/S battery) has good electrochemical properties, but, the battery has some problems such as explosion and corrosion at al. because of using the liquid electrodes at high temperature and production of high corrosion. Room temperature sodium/sulfur batteries (NAS batteries) is developed to resolve of the battery problem. To recently, room temperature sodium/sulfur batteries has higher discharge capacity than its of lithium ion battery, however, cycle life of the battery is shorter. Because, the sulfur electrode and electrolyte have some problem such as polysulfide resolution in electrolyte and reaction of anode material and polysulfide. Cycle life of the battery is improved by decrease of polysulfide resolution in electrolyte and block of reaction between anode material and polysulfide. If room temperature sodium/sulfur batteries (NAS batteries) with low cost and high capacity improves cycle life, the batteries will be commercialized batteries for electric storage, electric vehicle, and mobile electric items.