• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.494-505
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between self-empowerment and a existential spiritual well-being in pregnant women, and to provide the basic data for nursing intervention. The subjects were 182 women who visited 2 OBGY hospitals in Taegu, Korea and ranged in age from 21 to 40. The data was collected during the period from May 6th toMay 24th, 2002. The instruments were the revised existential spiritual well-being scale developed by Paloutzian and Ellison(1982). Originally the instruments were developed by Spreitzer(1995) and Jung Hea Joo(1998), who translated it into Korean. The data was analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Mean score of total empowerment was 3.72 and the subcategory 'meaning', had the highest score at 4.15. 2. Mean score of existential spiritual well- being was 4.16. 3. Existential spiritual well-being was positively related to self-empowerment (r=.400, P=000). 4. A significant statistical difference between education, religion and self-empowerment was found. 5. A significant statistical difference between hope of pregnancy and a existential spiritual well-being was found. 6. The most important variable affecting the existential spiritual well-being was meaning which accounted for 15% of the total variance in stepwise multiple regression analysed. Three variables, competence and hope of pregnancy accounted for 22% in existential spiritual well-being. From the results of the study, the following recommendations are presented : 1) Indeed, we should identify existential spiritual well-being for real meaning of spiritual well-being in future. 2) It is required to check the effect of existential spiritual well-being and self-empowerment through the repeated studies. 3) We need to take a serious view of the meaning affecting existential spiritual well-being in pregnant women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.121-133
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to find out the status of and attitudes on drug abuse in primary school students, to provide basic data for preventing the youth from their drug abuse and contributing to improve their health. 36.0% of the students had an experience of the education to prevent from drug abuse, the students wanted to have an education on drug abuse in primary school, 71% of the subjects preferred to school nurses as the education about drug abuse, and 2.9% of the students show their intention to use drug when their friends recommend to take drug. For the experience of drinking, there was a significant difference to the degree of satisfaction at their school($x^2$=23.29, p=.001), their association with father's smoking ($x^2$=13.16, p=.001), and mother's ($x^2$=5.60, p=.018) smoking. The experience of drinking showed no significant differences according to the grade and the experience of prevention education on drug abuse. Attitudes on drug abuse according to the general characteristics showed significant differences according to the grade (t=4.10, p=.007), the degree of satisfaction at the school(t=8.86, p=.000), their association with any father's drinking(t=3.18, p=.002) and mother's(t=5.23, p=.000), father's smoking(t=3.21, p=.001) and mother's(t=31.87, p=.000), the state of drug use during the pain(t=7.18, p=.000).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1012-1020
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to describe physical health and depression status, as well as to assessing factors that influence the physical health status. Method: The data was collected from July to August 2000. Study participants were 252 community-dwelling elderly who were recruited from 10 senior centers located in Seoul, Korea. Their physical health status was measured using the Physical Health Status Measurement Scale developed by Choi and Jung (1991), and depression was measured using BDI-II developed by Beck et al. (1996). Results: 1) The physical health status score was 4.00 $\pm$0.68 (range :1- 5). The sub-dimension that showed the highest score was personal hygiene ability at 4.62$\pm$0.95, and the lowest score was sexual function at 2.20$\pm$1.38. 2. The depression score was 17.99+9.79 (range : 0-63). Regarding the sub-dimensions, the depression scores were higher in the domain of interest with sexuality, general weakness, difficulty in concentration, and fatigue. 3. Deeper levels of depression were correlated with a declining physical health status. 4. The most influential factor on physical health was depression, and the explaining variance was 31.68%. Conclusion: It is concluded that elder subjects in senior centers had fairly good physical health and self-care ability. Also, they did not have significantly high levels of depression. Therefor, health promotion of elderly, it is recommended that elder individuals should be regarded as a respectful and useful segment of our society. Along with this basic concept, there should be a social milieu that does not snow prejudice. Moreover, health care professionals should give more attention to helping the elderly achieve a minimal level of ALD, and, particularly, to raise sexuality and help energize the lives of elder individuals.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.287-296
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• 2008

Purpose: This study is descriptive survey to offer basic data of nursing management practice as identify the relationship between Professional Self-Concept, Organizational Commitment and Job satisfaction, whom nurses work general hospitals less than 250 beds. Methods: The subjects in this study were random sampling 320 nurse who worked in 9 general hospital in G city that had less than 250 beds, data was collected from 10 to 30 in Apr, 2007. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson‘s correlation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe test. Results: Level of Professional Self-Concept of nurses was average 2.60 point, level of Organizational Commitment of nurses showed 2.83 point, level of Job Satisfaction of nurses showed 2.73 point. There was a statistically significant difference at Professional Self-Concept of nurses as general characteristics showed a marriage state, position, work place, clinical career. There was a statistically significant difference at Organizational Commitment of nurses as general characteristics showed a marriage state, position, clinical career. There was a statistically significant difference at Job Satisfaction of nurse as general characteristics showed a marriage state, position, clinical career. There were highest correlation Organizational Commitment with Job Satisfaction(r=.536, p<.001), also high correlation Organizational Commitment with Professional Self-Concept(r=.478, p<.001). And there were high correlation Job Satisfaction with Professional Self-Concept(r=.422, p<.001). Conclusions: As integrate of the study result showed the Professional Self-Concept had correlation to Organizational Commitment and Job Satisfaction, specially as relation those valuables with general characteristics of subjects, it strongly need to develop educational program for improving Professional Self-Concept with supporting of variety administration for developing human resource for nurses who are not married, low position in hospital, short career, or worked in inpatient wards.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of interpersonal attitude (I+, I-, U+, U-) on communication competence in care workers for frail elderly. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. The data were collected from 153 care workers for frail elderly using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using multiple regression with the SPSS/WIN 20.0 program. Results: The interpersonal attitude style of subjects was I+U+, and the score of communication competence was 3.53. There were significant differences in interpersonal attitude (I+, I-), and communication competence depending on age, education level, experience of personality type test (yes). Factors influencing on communication competence in care workers were interpersonal attitude (I+, I-, U+) and experience of personality type test with $R^2$ value of 48.5% (F=23.47 p<.001). The most influencing factor was I+ (${\beta}$=.36), followed by I- (${\beta}$=-.22), U+ (${\beta}$=.20), and experience of personality type test (yes) (${\beta}$=.16). Conclusion: It is needed to maintain the interpersonal attitude style (I+U+) of care workers. Continuing education program is needed for increasing communication competence especially for those fifties and over, and experienced care workers. Giving an opportunity for personality test is helpful to increase communication competence in care workers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.817-828
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• 1999

This is a descriptive study on quality of life(QOL) and related factors of ostomates to provide a basic data for development of nursing interventions. The subjects were 110 ostomates who were members of the Daegu or Daejon branches of the Korean Ostomy Association. Data collection was performed between March 1st and April 6th, 1998. Measurements of QOL, self-care, family support, self-esteem, and hope were used as the study tools. Data were analyzed with the SAS program by using t-test, ANOVA Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression. The results are as follows : 1) The score on the QOL scale ranged from 97 to 226 with a mean of 164.53($\pm$28.29). 2) The score of QOL on the general and ostomate-related characteristics showed significant differences according to monthly income, monthly participation in ostomate meetings, combined treatments after operation, types of evacuation management, problems of ostomy, help in caring for the ostomy, length of time since ostomate surgery, and presence or absence of readmission after discharge. 3) There were significant positive correlations between quality of life and other factors : self-esteem(r＝0.7107, P＜0.001), hope(r＝0.6584, P＜0.001) family support(r＝0.6191, P＜0.001), perception of health condition(r＝0.6017, P＜0.001), and self-care (r＝0.2286, P＜0.05). 4) The variables that affected the quality of life of the subjects were self-esteem, level of family support, perception of health condition, monthly participation in ostomate meetings, combined treatments after operation, monthly income, level of hope, and age in that order. The variance of quality of life was $R^2$＝77.20 percent by calculating the sum of those variables. In conclusion, it is necessary for nursing intervention to promote self-esteem, family support, and hope in the care of ostomates in order to improve QOL.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.187-202
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• 2002

This study was aim to provide rheumatoid arthritis patients the basic data of development of nursing intervention to help psychosocial adaptation of rheumatoid arthritis patients as exploring the relationship among causal perception, coping pattern, psychosocial adaptation of rheumatoid arthritis. As the results of this study the mean score of causal perception of the subjects was 3.37. The score of the internal-unstable was the highest. which was followed by extra-stable, internal factor, internal-stable, external factor and external-unstable in order among the factor of causal perception. The mean score of coping pattern was 2.64. The type of coping patterns the score of the receptive coping was the highest, which was followed by wishful coping active coping and negative coping in order among the type of coping pattern. The mean score of psychosocial adaptation was 3.28. The subconcept of psychosocial adaptation the score for personal relationship was the highest, which was followed by role function and mental state in order among the psychosocial adaptation. The analysis of the relation among causal perception, coping pattern and psychosocial adaptation showed significant negative correlation between causal perception and psychosocial adaptation(r=-0.3219, P=0.002). The analysis of the relation between the type of coping pattern and psychosocial adaptation showed significant negative correlation between psychosocial adaptation and active coping(r=-0.3210, P=0.002), negative coping(r=-0.2296, P=0.032). Only causal perception(-.36) and period of illness(-.26) effected on the psychosocial adaptation were shown to the negative direction significantly. The psychosocial adaptation was explained the 17% by these two variables. Based on this study results the factor of causal perception and the type of coping pattern of rheumatoid arthritis were shown significant relations between psychosocial adaptation. We suggests that nurses in practice apply to assessing the factor of causal perception of individuals illness and the type of coping patterns when nursing interventions in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.523-532
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of multi interventional package (MIP) and lifestyle interventions (LI) on physiological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome, to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on biochemical parameters of women with metabolic syndrome and to compare the effectiveness of MIP and LI on socio-psychological parameters of women with metabolic syndrome. Methods: A quasi experimental nonequivalent control group design with two experimental groups and one control group was used to collect data from 60 self-help group women. Samples were selected by multistage sampling. Reflexology foot massage, dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to MIP group and dietary modification, moderate intensity exercise and structured education were given to LI group for 12 weeks. Control group received routine care. Demographic and clinical data sheets were used to collect basic information. Knowledge was assessed by a knowledge questionnaire. Physiological (weight, body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure) and biochemical parameters (HDL, triglycerides and FBS) were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: The study found significant change in the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome as well as knowledge among the MIP group and LI group compared to the control group (p <.001). Conclusion: MIP and LI are effective in controlling the parameters of metabolic syndrome. Hence the guidance may be provided to women with metabolic syndrome for adopting necessary lifestyle changes as well as reflexology foot massage to control the physiological and biochemical parameters of metabolic syndrome.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.50-64
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of family support, self-esteem and life-satisfaction in homeless persons and to provide basic data to help them attain a better quality of life. From Jul. 1 to Oct. 10, 2000, 235 homeless persons, registered at the noninstitutionalized homeless and institutionalized homeless in Seoul, were accepted as subjects for the study. The instruments used for this study were a Family support scale of Park, Jee Won, life-satisfaction scale of Wood, Wylie & Sheafer and Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale. The reliability of the scales were tested by Cronbach's Alpha. The collected data Were analyzed by the SPSS program using unpaired t-test and Pearson's Correlation Coefficients. The results were as follows : 1. There Was a statistically significant difference in the level of demographic between family support groups : age(t=2.74, P=.001), education background(f=5.48, P=.001), connection of family (t=2.29, P=.05), present illness(t=2.04, P=.05). 2. There Was a statistically significant difference in the level of demographic between self-esteem groups : education background(t=3.24, P=.05), connect of family (t=3.38, P=.001), types of disease(t=2.12, P=.05), job related to income (t=2.12, P=.05). 3. There Was a statistically significant difference in the level of demographic between life-satisfaction groups : education background(t=3.39, P=.05), connect of family(t=2.10, P=.01), smoking(t=2.38, P=.01), disease(t=1.92, P=.05), emotion states(t= 6.12, P=.001). 4. There was a positive correlation between family support and self-esteem for the homeless and it was statistically significant (r=.267, p=.001). 5. There was a positive correlation between family support and life-satisfaction for the homeless and it was statistically significant(r=.299, p=.001). 6. There was a positive correlation between life-satisfaction and self-esteem for the homeless and it was statistically significant(r=.179, p=.01).

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a prediction model for the characteristics of older adults with depression using the decision tree method. Methods: A large dataset from the 2008 Korean Elderly Survey was used and data of 14,970 elderly people were analyzed. Target variable was depression and 53 input variables were general characteristics, family & social relationship, economic status, health status, health behavior, functional status, leisure & social activity, quality of life, and living environment. Data were analyzed by decision tree analysis, a data mining technique using SPSS Window 19.0 and Clementine 12.0 programs. Results: The decision trees were classified into five different rules to define the characteristics of older adults with depression. Classification & Regression Tree (C&RT) showed the best prediction with an accuracy of 80.81% among data mining models. Factors in the rules were life satisfaction, nutritional status, daily activity difficulty due to pain, functional limitation for basic or instrumental daily activities, number of chronic diseases and daily activity difficulty due to disease. Conclusion: The different rules classified by the decision tree model in this study should contribute as baseline data for discovering informative knowledge and developing interventions tailored to these individual characteristics.