• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2024

Background: Different job strain formulations based on the Job Demand-Control model have been developed. This study evaluated longitudinal associations between job strain and psychological distress and whether associations were influenced by six formulations of job strain, including quadrant (original and simplified), subtraction, quotient, logarithm quotient, and quartile based on quotient, in randomly selected Japanese workers. Methods: Data were from waves I and II of the Survey of Midlife in Japan (MIDJA), with a 4-year followup period. The study sample consisted of 412 participants working at baseline and had complete data on variables of interest. Associations between job strain at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up were assessed via multivariable linear regression, and results were expressed as β coefficients and 95% confidence intervals including R² and Akaike information criterion (AIC) evaluation. Results: Crude models revealed that job strain formulations explained 6.93-10.30% of variance. The AIC ranged from 1475.87 to 1489.12. After accounting for sociodemographic and behavioral factors and psychological distress at baseline, fully-adjusted models indicated significant associations between all job strain formulations at baseline and psychological distress at follow-up: original quadrant (β: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.12, 2.21), simplified quadrant (β: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.18, 1.85), subtraction (β: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.70), quotient (β: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.67), logarithm quotient (β: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72), and quartile based on quotient (β: 1.22, 95% CI: 0.36, 2.08). Conclusion: Six job strain formulations showed robust predictive power regarding psychological distress over 4 years among Japanese workers.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2891-2896
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• 2013

Background: To illustrate multiple approaches and to assess participation rates adopted for a community based smoking cessation intervention programme in rural Kerala. Materials and Methods: Resident males in the age group 18-60 years who were 'current daily smokers' from 4 randomly allocated community development blocks of rural Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala (2 intervention and 2 control groups) were selected. Smoking status was assessed through house-to-house survey using trained volunteers. Multiple approaches included awareness on tobacco hazards during baseline survey and distribution of multicolour anti-tobacco leaflets for intervention and control groups. Further, the intervention group received a tobacco cessation booklet and four sessions of counselling which included a one-time group counselling cum medical camp, followed by proactive counselling through face-to-face (FTF) interview and mobile phone. In the second and fourth session, motivational counselling was conducted. Results: Among 928 smokers identified, smokers in intervention and control groups numbered 474 (mean age: 44.6 years, SD: 9.66 years) and 454 respectively (44.5 years, SD: 10.30 years). Among the 474 subjects, 75 (16%) had attended the group counselling cum medical camp after completion of baseline survey in the intervention group, Among the remaining subjects (n=399), 88% were contacted through FTF and mobile phone (8.5%). In the second session (4-6 weeks time period), the response rate for individual counselling was 94% (78% through FTF and 16% through mobile phone). At 3 months, 70.4% were contacted by their mobile phone and further, 19.6% through FTF (total 90%) while at 6 months (fourth session), the response rate was 74% and 16.4% for FTF and mobile phone respectively, covering 90.4% of the total subjects. Overall, in the intervention group, 97.4% of subjects were being contacted at least once and individual counselling given. Conclusion: Proactive community centred intervention programmes using multiple approaches were found to be successful to increase the participation rate for intervention.

• 천문학회보
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.35.4-35.4
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• 2019

We have conducted a 22 GHz very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) survey of 281 local (z < 0.05) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) selected from the Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) 70-month ultra hard X-ray (14-195 keV) catalog. The main goal is to investigate the relation between the strengths of black hole accretion and the parsec-scale nuclear jet, which is expected to tightly correlate but has not been observationally confirmed yet. The BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey (BASS) provides the least biased AGN sample against obscuration including both Seyfert types, hence it makes an ideal parent sample for studying the nuclear jet properties of an overall AGN population. Using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN), the KVN and VERA Array (KaVA), and the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), we observed 281 objects with a 22 GHz flux > 30 mJy, detecting 11 targets (~4% of VLBI detection rate). This implies that the fraction of X-ray AGNs which are currently ejecting a strong nuclear jet is very small. Although our 11 sources span a wide range of pc-scale morphological types, from compact to complex, they lie on a tight linear relation between accretion luminosity and nuclear jet luminosity. Our finding may indicate that the power of nuclear jet is directly responsible for the amount of black hole accretion. We also have probed the fundamental plane of black hole activity in VLBI scale (e.g., few milli-arcsecond). The results from our high-frequency VLBI radio study support that the change of jet luminosity and size follows what is predicted by the AGN evolution scenario based on the Eddington ratio (ƛ$_{Edd}$) - column density ($N_H$) plane, proposed by a previous study.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.840-849
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine dental care utilization and expenditures among children aged 0 to 19 years using Korea Health Panel Survey (KHPS) data in 2008 - 2013. Weighted estimates were nationally representative and statistical significances were analysed by $x^2$ test or adjusted Wald test using STATA 13 software. While dental care utilization increased steadily among children from 2008 through 2013, less than one-third the children received dental care in 2013. Compared with 2008, the proportion of restorative care, oral surgery, preventive care decreased and the proportion of orthodontic care, prosthetic care increased. While the proportion of amalgam markedly decreased, the proportion of resin increased. This study highlight socioeconomic disparities in dental utilization and expenditures among children. Especially the findings provide a baseline assessment for examining trends on dental care for children in the future.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.311-316
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• 1995

Data on available feed resources, feeding practices and nutrient adequacy of rations under small farm conditions in Sri Lanka were obtained in a baseline survey involving 104 pig farms. The results showed that a wide range of non-conventional feedstuffs are used for pig feeding under typical small farm conditions and that dietary protein quality is a major factor limiting productivity. Following the survey, two on-farm trials were conducted to evaluate cheaper, alternative feeding strategies. In trial 1, a test diet was formulated using several non-conventional feedstuffs and compared with a commercial feed that is normally fed in the farms. In trial 2, the possibility of improving growth rates by amino acid supplementation was evaluated. The results demonstrated that feed costs can be considerably lowered through these packages. Some problems inherent to on-farm livestock trials are highlighted.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.485-494
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• 2013

주입된 $CO_2$가 환경에 영향을 미치지 않고 지하에서 안정적으로 저장되어 있는지를 총체적으로 모니터링 하는 주입 및 주입 후 관리 (Monitoring, Mitigation and Verification, MMV) 기술은 이산화탄소 지중저장 분야에서 경제적 및 환경적으로 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 특히, 해외 대규모 지중저장 프로젝트 사례를 보았을 때 주입한 $CO_2$의 거동을 가장 효율적으로 모니터링할 수 있는 방법 중의 하나로 탄성파를 이용한 시간 경과 (Time-lapse) 모니터링 기술이 그 핵심으로 떠오르고 있다. 이 연구에서는 캐나다 Estevan에 위치한 Aquistore 이산화탄소 주입 현장의 3차원 베이스라인 (baseline) 탄성파 자료를 수집하고 분석하여 국내 지중저장 탄성파 모니터링 실증화를 위한 기초 연구를 수행하였다. 이산화탄소 주요 저장 대상층은 탄성파 도달 시간 1,800 ~ 1,900 ms 깊이의 Winnipeg 와 Deadwood 사암층이다. Aquistore 탄성파 자료에 대한 에너지, 유사도(similarity)를 도출하고 주파수를 분해하여 $CO_2$ 주입 대상층의 특성을 규명하였다. 그 결과 등시선도 1,800 ms의 연구지역 북측, 1,850 ms의 남측에 탄성파 에너지가 큰 영역이 집중적으로 분포함을 확인할 수 있었고, 탄성파 에너지 속성을 도시하여 반사계수가 큰 사질 퇴적양상이 우세한 영역을 구분할 수 있었다. 또한 탄성파 기록의 유사도를 도출하여 두 개의 주요한 구조선이 북서-남동 방향으로 지중저장 대상층을 절단함을 확인하였다. 탄성파자료의 주파수를 성분별로 분해하고 5, 20 및 40 Hz 성분을 분석한 결과 연구지역의 중앙에서 동서 방향으로 발달하는 균질한 퇴적 양상이 구체화되었다. 베이스라인 자료의 경우 추가적으로 인위적인 잡음을 제거하고 층서 해석 결과를 통합하여 이산화탄소 지중저장 영역을 묘사한다면 시간경과 모니터링 자료와의 효율적인 대비가 가능할 것이다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.54.3-55
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• 2017

The Deep Lens Survey (DLS), a precursor to the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), is a 20 deg2 survey carried out with NOAO's Blanco and Mayalltelescopes. DLS is unique in its depth reaching down to ~27th mags in BVRz bands. This enables a broad redshift baseline and is optimal for investigating cosmological evolution of the large scale structure. Galaxy-galaxylensing is a powerful tool to estimate averaged matter distribution around lensgalaxies by measuring shape distortions of background galaxies. The signal from galaxy-galaxy lensing is sensitive not only to galaxy halo properties, but also to cosmological environment at large scales. In this study, we measure galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering, which together put strong constraints on the cosmological parameters. We obtain significant galaxy-galaxy lensing signals out to ~20 Mpc while tightly controlling systematics. The B-mode signals are consistent with zero. Our lens-source flip test indicates that minimal systematic errors are present in DLS photometric redshifts. Shear calibration is performed using high-fidelity galaxy image simulations. We demonstrate that the overall shape of the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal is well described by the halo model comprised of central and non-central halo contributions. Finally, we present our preliminary constraints on the matter density and the normalization parameters.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.60.2-60.2
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• 2010

대기의 불규칙한 수증기 분포로 인해 VLBI 관측시 visibility 위상에 불규칙한 변화가 발생한다. 이를 보정하기 위해 phase-referencing 기법 등을 이용할 수 있다. KVN calibrator survey는 Phase-referencing 기법에 필수적인 위상보정 calibrator를 얻기 위한 연구이다. 2, 8GHz 대역에서 관측된 VLBA(Very Long Baseline Array) Calibrator Survey(VCS) 목록을 기초로 power-law를 가정하여 22GHz에서 100mJy 이상일 것으로 예상되는 천체 2503개를 KVN Calibrator Survey의 대상으로 선정하였다. 먼저 KVN 연세 전파망원경을 이용하여 2009년 12월부터 2010년 6월까지 22GHz에서 500mJy 이상으로 예상되는 천체 595개에 대한 플럭스 측정 관측을 진행하였고 22GHz에서 517개, 43GHz에서 226개의 천체를 검출하였다. 이어 200mJy 이상 500mJy 미만으로 예상되는 천체 983개에 대하여 추가 관측을 진행하고 있다. 그리고 플럭스가 측정된 천체들에 대하여 VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry(VERA)와 VLBA, 각각 K밴드에서 관측된 결과와 비교하여 중복되지 않은 천체들에 대해 VLBI 관측을 수행하여 천체의 위치와 구조에 대한 정보를 얻을 계획이다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.129-140
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to collect baseline data for women＇s needs for social education, in order to eventually contribute to improving the quality of women's social education. In the needs survey, information on the motive to participate in social education programs, obstacles to participation, and program preferences was collected. The data were then analyzed by women＇s socio-demographic characteristics. Survey participants were married women between the ages of twenty to fifty, who were sampled from Seoul, six metropolitan areas, and nine provinces. For the final analysis, 1,026 survey forms were used. The motive for participating in women＇s social education programs was examined by each category. Overall, the participants showed the highest level in educational achievement motif. The motivations for lifestyle change, self-realization, and social accomplishment were also high and at a similar level. As for obstacles to participation, social obstacle received the highest rate, followed by family obstacle and personal reasons. As for the type of social education programs, home management programs were the most preferred, followed by psychological education, family education, leisure activity programs, physical education, and social education programs.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.47-74
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• 2002

경제위기 직후 실업률의 급상승과 함께 경기변동에 민감한 청년층의 실업률은 15~20%까지 상승하였다. 경기회복에도 불구하고 신규학졸자의 첫 일자리 취업에는 상당한 애로가 존재하고 청년층의 유휴화율은 여전히 심각한 수준이다. 청년층 유휴화의 부정적 효과에도 불구하고 청년층의 학교교육-노동시장 이행과정에 관한 연구는 일천하다. 본 연구는 "한국노동패널" 3차년도(2000년)에 실시한 "청년층 부가조사" 자료를 이용하여 15~29세 청년층이 최종 학교를 마치고 첫 일자리를 취득하는 데 소요되는 미취업 경과기간을 분석한다. 미취업상태가 경과할수록 탈출확률이 낮아지는 부(-)의 경과 기간 의존성이 나타나며, 예상과는 달리, 여성의 탈출확률이 남성보다 높게 나타난다. 학력수준의 탈출확률에 대한 효과는 경제위기 이전에는 유의하지 않게 나타나나 경제위기 이후에는 뚜렷한 것으로 나타난다. 경제위기 이전 졸업자 표본은 높은 실업률이 탈출확률을 낮추는 반면 경제위기 이후 졸업자 표본은 정반대의 결과를 보여준다.