• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1289-1297
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• 2006

Before other statistical data analysis the preprocessing steps should be performed adequately to have meaningful results. These steps include processes such as baseline correction, normalization, denoising, and multiple alignment. In this paper an algorithm for baseline correction is proposed with using the piecewise cubic Hermite interpolation with block-selected points and local minima after denoising for SELDI or MALDI mass spectrometry data.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2007.04a
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• pp.3-6
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• 2007

The GPS baseline processing and the network adjustment was required a preliminary classification and check for effective work because the observation data of GPS $3^{rd}$ order control points are enormous attain to about 12,000 points. Particularly, in baseline processing and network adjustment a inaccuracy GPS antenna heights and point names yield a gross error or a S/W computation error. For the baseline processing of observation data, the related all materials were collected and were required a final check. The factor occurring a error, in GPS the baseline processing, were inspected variously after a checking observation data. Also, baseline processing method of GPS $3^{rd}$ order control points were commented and the analysis carry out a results with a experiment. The ellipsoidal distance and height of duplication baseline was compared between adjoin campaign areas for a accuracy analysis of baseline processing. According to the result, the mean is about 1cm for horizontal direction and about 2cm for vertical direction.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.3-11
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• 2023

This research examines the need for a quantitative and objective method of calculating baseline productivity in the construction industry, which is known for its high volatility in performance and productivity. The existing literature's baseline productivity calculation methods rely heavily on subjective criteria, limiting their effectiveness. Additionally, data collection methods such as the "Five-minute Rating" are costly and time-consuming, making it challenging to collect detailed data at construction sites. To address these issues, this study proposes an objective baseline calculation method using unimpacted productivity BP, a work check sheet to systematically record detailed data, and a data collection and utilization process that minimizes cost and time requirements. This paper also suggests using unimpacted productivity BP and comparative analysis to address the objectivity and reliability issues of existing baseline productivity calculation methods.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.11
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• pp.3996-4004
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• 2022

The data collected by the In-Situ Decommissioning (ISD) sensors are time-specific, age-specific, and developmental stage-specific. Research has been done on the stream data collected by ISD testbed in the recent few years to seek both frequent episodes and abnormal frequent episodes. Frequent episodes in the data stream have confirmed the daily cycle of the sensor responses and established sequences of different types of sensors, which was verified by the experimental setup of the ISD Sensor Network Test Bed. However, the discovery of abnormal frequent episodes remained a challenge because these abnormal frequent episodes are very small signals and may be buried in the background noise of voltage and current changes. In this work, we proposed Advanced Data Analytics (ADA) methods that are applied to the baseline data to identify frequent episodes and extended our approach by adding more features extracted from the baseline data to discover abnormal frequent episodes, which may lead to the early indicators of ISD system failures. In the study, we have evaluated our approach using the baseline data, and the performance evaluation results show that our approach is able to discover frequent episodes as well as abnormal frequent episodes conveniently.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.29-34
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• 2007

The baseline selection is the first and important step to analyze magnetocardiography (MCG) parameters. There are no difficulties to select the baseline between P- and Q-wave peak (P-Q interval) of MCG wave recorded from healthy subjects because the P-Q intervals of the healthy subjects do not much vary. However, patients with ischemic heart disease often show an unstable P-Q interval which does not seem to be appropriate for the baseline. In this case, T-P interval is alternatively recommended for the baseline. However, there has been no study on the difference made by the baseline selection. In this study, we studied the effect of the different baseline selection. MCG data were analyzed from twenty healthy subjects and twenty one patients whose baselines were alternatively selected in the T-P interval for their inappropriate P-Q interval. Paired T-test was used to compare two set of data. Fifteen parameters derived from the R-wave peak, the T-wave peak, and the period, $T_{max/3}{\sim}T_{max}$ were compared for the different baseline selection. As a result, most parameters did not show significant differences (p>0.05) except few parameters. Therefore, there will be no significant differences if anyone of two intervals were selected for the MCG baseline. However, for the consistent analysis, P-Q interval is strongly recommended for the baseline correction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.421-427
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• 2013

In general, it can be assumed that the tropospheric effect are removed through double-differencing technique in short-baseline GPS data processing. This means that the high-accuracy positioning can be obtained because various error sources can be eliminated and the number of unknown can be decreased in the adjustment computation procedure. As a consequence, short-baseline data processing is widely used in the fields such as deformation monitoring which require precise positioning. However, short-baseline data processing is limited to achieve high positioning accuracy when the height difference between the reference and the rover station is significant. In this study, the effects of tropospheric delays on the determination of short-baseline is analyzed, which depends on the orientation of baseline. The GPS measurements which include tropospheric effect and measurement noises are generated by simulation, and then rover coordinates are computed by short-baseline data processing technique. The residuals of rover coordinates are analyzed to interpret the tropospheric effect on the positioning. The results show that the magnitudes of the biases in the coordinate residuals increase as the baseline length gets longer. The increasing rate is computed as 0.07cm per meter in baseline length. Therefore, the tropospheric effects should be carefully considered in short-baseline data processing when the significant height difference between the reference and rover is observed.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.148-151
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• 2009

In these days it is important to secure the life and stability of the structure such as aircrafts, automobiles and building. So the structural health monitoring is needed. In conventional lamb wave techniques, damage is identified by comparing the measured data (baseline signals) and the current data. But this method can lead to high false signal in the intact condition of the structure due to environmental conditions of the structure. As a solution to resolve it, the structural health monitoring method which doesn't use baseline signals is necessary. Damaged structure has unusual elastic wave. This paper proposed a PC(pitch-catch) method which doesn't use baseline signal. New baseline signals can get from detection signal. Damage signals based on new baseline signals. This paper made an image includes damage information by applying damage-signals to beamformming.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.371-381
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to develop the day care program for the demented elders and to determine the effects of multiple activity therapies on the physical, emotional, cognitive, social function and physiological indicators of dementia elders in day care center. Method: A total of 13 elders with mild dementia in the data care center were participated. Manual and guideline of data care program was developed. Data care program was composed of movement/exercise, foot massage, music therapy, horticultural therapy, and art therapy. Data care program was performed by trained intervener for 32 weeks. Instruments were physical functioning such as hand grip strength., vital capacity, chiar stand test, sit and reach test, one leg standing, Berg' Balance scale, 6m Walk Velocity, stair climb, ADL, GDS-K, MMSE-K, Integrative Social Functioning Scale, cortisol, Ig A and Ig G. These were measured at the baseline, 16-week, and 32-week post-intervention by the trained nurses. Data were analyzed as Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: For Hand grip, balance, and vital capacity, there was a significant difference between baseline and 16-week post-intervention(p<.05). For one leg standing, 6m velocity, there was a significant difference between 16-week post-intervention and 32-week post-intervention(p<.05). For Stair climb, there was a significant difference between baseline and 32-week post-intervention(p<.05). For depression and social functioning, there was no significant difference among baseline, 16-week, and 32-week post-intervention. For cognitive functioning, there was a significant difference between baseline and 32-week post intervention(p<.05). There was a significant difference of cortisol, and Ig G between baseline and 32-week post-intervention(p<.05). Conclusion: It would appear that physical fitness, functional performance, ADL, depression, social and cognitive functioning, and physiological indicator of community dwelling elders with dementia can be improved through day care program using multiple stimuli.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.97-104
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• 2015

KIGAM has surveyed most of the Korean territory since 1982 using airborne gamma-ray spectrometry, and complete the nationwide scale map in the near future. However, since the duration of survey is too long and the conditions of survey is not consistent, the data does not have physical consistency. In addition, the window counts (count/sec) were recorded instead of potassium, uranium and thorium radioelement concentrations. Thus, the data could not be registered to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) radioelement datum. This limits the usefulness of the data and it is not possible to easily combine surveys into regional compilations or make quantitative interpretations between different survey areas. To solve these problems, we undertook a test baseline survey over Jincheon-Eumseong area, to level the different two sets of data and to map radioelement concentrations. This survey confirms to IAEA radioelement baseline. The method and procedures of data leveling prepared by this study improve the usefulness and usability of the radiometric data, and make it enable to compile the nationwide scale radioelement concentration maps.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.616-623
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• 2022

Some regions and states, such as Wyoming, have harsh weather conditions, forcing most transportation projects to be completed under tight schedules. However, construction projects are not only delayed by weather conditions, but also delayed by other factors such as contractor's competency, resource availability, coordination issues, and safety. Also, the construction method, geographical location of the projects, and inability to follow baseline schedules accurately due to the contractor's resource allocation are also reasons for the delay. This paper discusses the main reasons for the delay in the public transportation projects based on Daily Work Reports (DWRs) from five different transportation projects of the last three years in Wyoming. This paper focuses on the inconsistencies of the contractor's schedules to complete the project according to the baseline schedule. First, the authors collected DWRs and baseline schedules from the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT). Second, the DWR data are compared against the baseline schedules to determine the reasons for delaying their significance. Finally, the paper presents the recommendations to mitigate the effects of delays on public transportation projects as well as to improve the documentation process of DWR data.