• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1065-1074
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to statistically analyze the effects of on-base and slugging ability on the run productivity in Korean professional baseball. In Section 2, we have investigated the OPS (On-base percentage Plus Slugging average) and introduced new indices of batting ability by modifying the OPS. In Section 3, we have examined the correlation which the batting average, on-base percentage, slugging average, IsoP (Isolated Power), OPS and the indices introduced in Section 2 have with the average runs per game, using the data from all the games of the regular seasons in 2007~2011. In addition, by generalizing the OPS and the indices introduced in Section 2, we have analyzed the correlation of the indices with various weights between the average runs per game. As a result, the weighted OPS consisting of on-base percentage (with weight 57%) and slugging average (with weight 43%) has been found to give the best explanation of the run productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.621-627
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• 2016

A certain professional baseball team tends to be very weak against another particular team. For example, S team, the strongest team in Korea, is relatively weak to H team. In this paper, we carried out clustering the Korean baseball teams based on the records against the team S to investigate whether the pattern of the record of the team H is different from those of the other teams. The technique we have employed is 'time series clustering', or more specifically 'categorical time series clustering'. Three methods have been considered in this paper: (i) distance based method, (ii) genetic sequencing method and (iii) periodogram method. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages to handle categorical time series, so that it is recommended to draw conclusion by considering the results from the above three methods altogether in a comprehensive manner.

• The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.543-553
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• 2014

This study analyzes the visual image and the symbolic image of the 'New Woman' main female characters' costumes in three films: , , and , set in the Korean Empire Period and filmed in the last 10 years. The findings are as follows. First, on the visual image by formative characteristics, Gibson girl style was reflected in Western costume design. Korean costume design is based on a traditional style (or modified in some parts). Second, the three films have the same historical background on the visual image by the fidelity of historical research; however, the fidelity of historical research differs and varies with the personality of characters or situations in the films. Third, all three films share the symbolic image by characteristics of characters and 'New Woman' aspect with the same historical background and 'New Woman' female character in common; however, the personality and 'New Woman' aspect of the characters were somewhat different. There was also a distinct difference in the symbolic image of Western and Korean costumes. Western and Korean costumes signify externality versus internality and denial versus the affirmation of national identity in ; dailiness versus ceremonialness and dynamics versus statics in ; and independence versus conformity and variability versus continuity in .

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63-76
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• 2015

This study conducted a survey to gauge the buying and wearing propensities of wearers of leg guards made for baseball catchers, as well as product characteristics of preferred leg guards. Data from the survey were analyzed to obtain basic data for the development of an advanced leg guard design. Degree of compression, horizontal distance, cross section view and outline 3D sketch were also analyzed from the 3D data of leg guards; in addition, mobility and kinematic analysis were conducted through a wearing test. The survey indicated that imported products dominate the current retail market because they are appreciated by customers in terms of fit, price, brand, and protection. Representative complaints of products were discomfort, pressure, and the heavy-weight of the leg guards in general attributed to overall structure and 3D shape. When the pressure was lower on the front area of knee, it feels better to wear and the average knee angular velocity during the up and down motion increased, which suggests a better design from a kinematic point of view. The knee is the primary part of the body responsible for any movement of the lower limbs; consequently, the degree of compression and support stability of the leg guards near the knee area are important factors to evaluate the performance of leg guards. The results of our study indicate significant opportunities for improvement in product design and the development of baseball leg guards along with an ergonomic design that considers the mobility of the knee, skin deformations is necessary to improve performance. The process followed in this study will be applicable to studies on other personal protective equipment for sports.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the comparison of the effects of manual therapy combined with exercise on range of motion (ROM), muscle strength, and functional performance in adolescent baseball players with internal impingement syndrome of the shoulder. Methods : The subjects were 30 patients diagnosed with impingement syndrome of the shoulder. Thirty subjects are randomly assigned to each 3 different groups; Group 1. (exercise group), Group 2. (exercise+mobilization; EMOB group), Group 3. (exercise+mobilization with movement; EMWM group). The interventions were performed three times a week for 4 weeks. The main outcome measures were goniometer, Biodex dynamometer, and Korean Kerlan Jobe shoulder-elbow (K-KJOC) scores. The ROM (external and internal rotation), muscle strength (external and internal rotation: 60 °/sec., 180 °/sec.), and functional performance were compared among the groups. Results : No significant difference was observed among the groups in the range of external rotation of the shoulder before and after the intervention, but the range of internal and total rotation was significantly increased in Group 2, 3 compared to Groups 1. Muscle strength of external and internal rotation (60 °/sec., 180 °/sec.) was not significantly different among Group 1, 2, 3, and functional performance was significantly increased in Group 2, 3 compared to Group 1. However, there was no significant difference between Group 2 and Group 3 in all measurements. Conclusion : An intervention with manual therapy such as EMOB and EMWM was more effective than exercise alone for rapid recovery from shoulder injury and improvement in functional performance. However, further efforts are needed to identify effects of specific interventions with manual therapy.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.441-453
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• 2008

We analyzed Korean professional basketball and baseball players salary under the assumption that it depends on the personal records and contribution to the team in the previous year. We extensively used data visualization tools to check the relationship among the variables, to find outliers and to do model diagnostics. We used multiple linear regression and regression tree to fit the model and used cross-validation to find an optimal model. We check the relationship between variables carefully and chose a set of variables for the stepwise regression instead of using all variables. We found that points per game, number of assists, number of free throw successes, career are important variables for the basketball players. For the baseball pitchers, career, number of strike-outs per 9 innings, ERA, number of homeruns are important variables. For the baseball hitters, career, number of hits, FA are important variables.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1421-1428
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• 2013

In this paper, we would like to test whether the hit at a particular bat has a dependency with the hitting results at the previous bats in professional baseball games. For this purpose, we used the 2011 Korean Baseball League data. We find out that the hitting percentage at a particular bat has no dependency with the hit at the previous bat, after reviewing the conditional probability of hit at each bat and the lift. From the independence test of hits at consecutive bats, and hit at a particular bat with no hits at previous bats, we can conclude that hits at particular bats are not dependent on the hits at previous bats in most cases. Hence, we can safely conclude that a hit at a particular bat is statistically independent from the hits at the previous bats.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.61-68
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• 2002

The purpose of this dissertation was to analyze the effect of trunk extension strengthening exercise on muscle performance of the upper limb in adolescent baseball player. The twenty people were studied : experimental group(10), comparative group(10). The experimental group has done trunk extension strengthening exercise for 8 weeks. The study analyzes isometric maximal strength of shoulder internal rotation. shoulder external rotation, elbow flexion, elbow extension, forearm pronation, forearm supination and ball speed. All of subjects were tested for 3 times ; pre, mid, post. The results were as follows; 1. Maximal isometric strength of upper limb, during trunk extension strengthening exercise in experimental group, shoulder internal rotation and external rotation showed it has slightly increased and comparative group showed it has no change, but not significant elbow flexion and extension significantly(p<0.05) increased after exercise either for 4 or 8 weeks compared with that of control group. Forearm pronation showed not significantly changed in both group, but significantly different between group either for 4 or 8 weeks. Forearm supination, significantly((p<0.05) increased after 8 weeks in experimental group. 2. Ball speed showed slightly increased but not significantly in experimental group. These results it may expect improvement of upper limb muscle performance of upper limb in adolescent baseball player. However, in case of shoulder a point of view of bunk extension strengthening exercise of this study hasn't a significant influence. More experimental studies are needs, hereafter which will use more experimental subjects and various methods of exercise and new application of treatment term to define significant change.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.863-874
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• 2017

Wins above replacement (WAR) is the most commonly used statistics of the many sabermetrics that measure baseball players' abilities. The advantage of a WAR is that it enables to compare performances of players even though they have different roles such as pitcher and hitter. However, WAR is difficult to obtain with common records. Thus, in this paper, we have calculated the sabermetrics variable based on Korean professional baseball records for the past three years (2014-2016). Using these variables, we suggest starting pitcher ability index that can replace WAR. Starting pitcher ability index was calculated by means of arithmetic mean, weighted average and principal component regression. Then, compared to the WAR, the most relevant method was selected, which would be useful to identify for the starting pitcher ability.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.321-330
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• 2016

Run expectancy (RE) is the mean number of runs scored from a specific base runner/outs situation of an inning to the end of the inning. Win expectancy (WE) is the probability that a particular team will win the game at a specific game state such as half-inning, score difference, outs, and/or runners on base. In this paper, we derive RE and WE for the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) League based on six-year data from 2007 to 2012 using a Markov chain model.