• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10c
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• pp.49-58
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• 2003

In this paper, the structural strengths of a rolling stock seat were numerically evaluated under several design load conditions based on the UIC requirements. The rolling stock seat was designed for the high speed train of a Chinese conventional line. To maximize its weight reduction and structural strength, some aluminium alloys like 6N01-T5 and ALDC8-T5 were applied to the base frame, side frame and armrest. The designed seat frame satisfied the strength requirements on inertia loads due to accelerations, and fatigue test conditions. However, it violated the requirements on the static test of UIC 566 OR. Some design modifications were suggested and numerically evaluated to satisfy the static test requirements.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.59-66
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• 2020

This thesis investigates relationship between Stock-to-Flow price and housing starts in Seoul metropolitan form 2008 year to 2019 year. The paper tests the relationship through two time-series models such as a vector error correction model and Dynamic Panel regression model. The model results show evidence of positive correlation between Stock-to-Flow price and housing starts in the long run. By transforming the regional data into a panel data set and running a fixed effects model, we test the explanatory power of PBR on housing starts. The result of VECM confirms that one unit uprising PBR raises up apartment construction by 7.4%. This result supports that PBR is a major factor in choosing a start of housing construct. Base on the result of empirical model, We also suggest that the market self-regulation function of housing providers is operating in the entire metropolitan area market.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.297-303
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• 2013

Alloplastic total replacement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) was developed in recent decades. In some conditions, previous studies suggested the rationale behind alloplastic TMJ replacement rather than reconstruction with autogenous grafts. Currently, three prosthetic products are available and approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Among these products, customized prostheses are manufactured, via computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system for customized design; stock-type prostheses are provided in various sizes and shapes. In this report, two patients (a 50-year-old female who had undergone condylectomy for the treatment of osteochondroma extending to the cranial base on the left condyle, and a 21-year-old male diagnosed with left temporomandibular ankylosis) were treated using the alloplastic total replacement of TMJ using stock prosthesis. The follow-up results of a favorable one-year, short-term therapeutic outcome were obtained for the alloplastic total TMJ replacement using a stock-type prosthesis.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.37-43
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• 2009

In this study, the physical properties of base paper for the manufacture of mulching mat for afforestation seedling were investigated. The base paper for mulching mat was prepared by stock conditions of PAE and AKD addition into the screened slurry of KOCC for the strengthening effects of wet tensile and burst strength. The optimum additions of PAE and AKD were considered at 2% and 0.5%, respectively. The accelerated aging by ISO 5630-1 and wet heat aging method under hot water for 2 kinds of commercial mulching and wet strength paper were compared with the base paper prepared for mulching mat manufacture. The accelerated aging test for the base paper prepared for mulching mat manufacture resulted in the same tendency of physical properties as two kinds of commercial products. However, the results of wet heat aging test under hot water indicated that the physical strength for base paper prepared was much higher than others. In addition, the opacity behavior for base paper prepared was enough effects to obstruct weeds growth by isolating transmission of sunlight.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.13-48
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• 2019

Purpose - This study is to analyze the monetary indicators and the key macroeconomic indicators and to assess the effectiveness of state regulation on its basis. The analysis of monetary aggregates of Russian Federation, CIS, the countries of leading countries of North-East Asia at the present stage of development. Research design and methodology - The volume of data on Russia was analyzed from the 1995 to the 2018. The data from the 1950 to the 2019 were estimated on China. The data from the 1980 to the 2018 were estimated on Japan. On South Korea - since the 1960 to the 2018. On Republic of Belarus - since the 2003 to the 2018. On Tajikistan - from the 2008 to 2017. On Kazakhstan - from the 1994 to the 2018. On Kyrgyzstan - from the 2002 to the 2018. On Armenia - from the 2003 to the 2018. Results - Hypothesis 1: In Russian Federation, the monetary stock has a stable tendency to grow. The volume of money stock of Russia and the analyzed countries is much determined by external debt, GDP, the export, the import, and the international reserves. Hypothesis 2: The growth of money supply does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of money stock does not always lead to negative consequences. The monetary stock should be commensurate with the macroeconomic indicators of the state. Conclusions - The growth of the monetary stock does not always give a positive effect in the development of the country, as well as a significant increase in the amount of monetary stock not always lead to negative consequences.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.10
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• pp.441-450
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• 2014

The stock market is constantly changing and sometimes the stock prices unaccountably plummet or surge. So, the stock market is recognized as a complex system and the change on the stock prices is unpredictable. Recently, many researchers try to understand the stock market as the network among individual stocks and to find a clue about the change of the stock prices from big data being created in real time from Internet. We focus on the correlation between the stock prices and the human interactions in Internet especially in the stock message boards. To uncover this correlation, we collected and investigated the articles concerning with 57 target companies, members of KOSPI200. From the analysis result, we found that there is no significant correlation between the stock prices and the article volume, but the strength of correlation between the article volume and the stock prices is relevant to the stock return. We propose a new method for recommending stock portfolio base on the result of our analysis. According to the simulated investment test using the article data from the stock message boards in 'Daum' portal site, the returns of our portfolio is about 1.55% per month, which is about 0.72% and 1.21% higher than that of the Markowitz's efficient portfolio and that of the KOSPI average respectively. Also, the case using the data from 'Naver' portal site, the stock returns of our proposed portfolio is about 0.90%, which is 0.35%, 0.40%, and 0.58% higher than those of our previous portfolio, Markowitz's efficient portfolio, and KOSPI average respectively. This study presents that collective human behavior on Internet stock message board can be much helpful to understand the stock market and the correlation between the stock price and the collective human behavior can be used to invest in stocks.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.26-32
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• 2003

For the purpose of manufacturing water-resistant corrugated board boxes for agricultural products in the cold chain system, the effects of fiber types, wet strength agents and a moisture-proof chemical on the properties of the base papers were investigated first. PAE(polyamide amine epichlorohydrin) showed better performance than MF(melamine formalde-hyde) over broad stock pH ranges, which was prefered as wet strength agent for the paper grade. When short fibers(AOCC, KOCC) were mixed with long fiber(UKP) in certain ratios, some physical properties of the paper made with mixed fibers were similar to those of the paper made with UKP only. Paper containing AOCC showed the biggest increase in water resistance when PAE was added to the stock. Synergistic effects in moisture-proof and some mechanical properties of paper were appeared when PAR was added internally, together with the coating of a moisture proof chemical on the sheets.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.63-94
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• 2001

Based on the human capital theory, the wage differentials among laborers are generated from the discrepancy of human capital stock which depends on individual laborer's decision. Hence, the wage differentials among laborers or between male and female are not the results of discrimination, but the results of individual choice. But, if the individual choice for human capital stock would be affected by the male-female discrimination, the explanation for male-female wage differentials base on the human capital stock has a bias. Actually, women have experienced in the discrimination on labor market participation due to gravity, parturition, infant rearing. Also, it is a fact that women have been discriminated against men in labor market owing to social, traditional, and cultural discriminations. If woman or her parent will less invest on human capital than man owing to the existence of discrimination in labor market, the 'expected human capital stock' instead of human capital stock will explain male-female wage differentials better. Therefore, in this study, we set up three models; first model includes working hours, industry, occupation, etc which are in general used as explanatory variables for wage decision, second model includes the variables which reflect the traditional human capital stock together with the first model's explanatory variables, third model employes the 'expected human capital stock' instead of traditional human capital stock. From the empirical test, the estimates of discrimination in three models are .93, .60, and, .48 respectively. This result implies that the male-female wage differentials in Korea can be explained by the discrepancy of 'expected human capital stock'. Since the discrepancy in expected human capital stock depend on the disparity in life-cycle labor force participation, male-female wage differentials can largely be attributed to male-female disparity in expected lifetime labor force participation.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-40
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• 1994

The objectives of this paper are to apply fuzzy cognitive map (FCM)- related techniques to (1) extract causal knowledge from a specific problem-domain and (2) perform a series of causal analysis in complicated decision making area. We propose a set operation-based augmentation (SOBA) algorithm to combine multiple FCMs developed by multiple experts. Based on the SOBA knowledge acquisition algorithm, we can obtain a causal knowledge base fairly representing multiple experts' knowledge about a problem domain. The causal knowledge base built by SOBA algorithm can be described as a matrix form, guaranteeing mathematically compact operation compared with a production (if-then) knowledge base. We applied out method to stock market analysis problem whichis a typical of highly unstructured problems in OR/MS fields.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.209-217
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• 2013

This study aims to develop mussel stock, which is the base of sauce, soup, etc., using various nourishing elements in mussels. In mussel stock with different heating times, the moisture content was significantly different according to heating times(p < 0.05). For the color value of mussel stock, L value was highest in MS1(35.48), a value in MS1(-2.39), and b value in MS5(-9.49). pH was lowest as 6.56 in MS5, and with increased heating time, pH decreased significantly (p < 0.001). With increased heating time, the sugar content was highest as $4.03^{\circ}Brix$ in MS3 and lowest as $3.37^{\circ}Brix$ in MS1. The salinity content was lowest as 0.71% in MS1, and with increased heating time, the salinity content increased significantly (p < 0.001). The test for characteristic differences of mussel stock showed that its color intensity, transparency, fish flavor, fish taste, and salty taste increased with increased heating time. Savory taste of mussel stock was highest in MS4 with 4.33% According to the results of acceptance test, taste, and overall acceptance test, MS3 showed the best results. In conclusion, mussel stock showed great preference with increased heating time, and the preference has increased when it was heated for 15 min.