• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 2015

Bony fusion between the mandibular condyle and skull base involves temporomandibular joint (TMJ) bony ankylosis. This condition might originate from trauma, infection, or systemic disease. TMJ adhesion can develop after synovial damage. Both TMJ ankylosis and adhesion lead to functional impairment and pain. Here, we present a case of a 50-year-old female who had bony ankylosis of the right TMJ and adhesion of the left TMJ. She had otitis media in the right ear. A large mass in the right TMJ was observed on computed tomograph. Magnetic resonance image showed a large fused bone mass with normal bone marrow in the right TMJ and flattening of the condyle with a thin disk in the left TMJ. Gap arthroplasty with temporal fascia was performed on the right TMJ, and discectomy, high condylectomy, and coronoidectomy were performed on the left TMJ. During a 2-year follow-up after surgery, the patient had no recurrence.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.110-113
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• 2006

Surgery and radiotherapy are mainly used for plasma cell neoplasm which constitutes about $1{\sim}2%$ of human malignancy. The authors carried out Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy[FSRT] on the residual tumor after the subtotal removal of Intracranial plasmacytoma. A huge mass lesion was observed on MRI [magnetic resonance image] in the left anterior and middle cranial fossa of a 63-year-old man with left exophthalmus which lasted for a month, and was suspected as a meningioma with strong contrast enhancement. Extramedullary plasmacytoma was diagnosed on histopathological examination. After the surgery, FSRT was also carried out on the residual tumor which invaded the skull base. One-year follow up after FSRT showed contrast enhancement only in the left sphenoid bone on MRI, which indicated significant decrease in the size of the tumor without any abnormal neurologic deficits. We treated intracranial plasmacytoma which invaded left anterior and middle cranial fossa and surrounded cavernous sinus without cranial nerve deficit through subtotal tumor removal and FSRT.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.129-133
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• 1998

Objective : Base on clinical practice, the authors report a case of tardive dyskinesia arising during the course of treatment with resperidal. Methods : This article was review and analysis of a case on risperidone-induced tardive dyskinea. Results : Mrs K, a 51-year-old woman with a 1-year history of schizophrenic disorder, gradually developed tardive dyskinetic movement of the mouth, lip, and tongue over a 4 month period(From July, 1996 to June, 1997) while taking risperidone. Initially she was treated with haloperidol and alprazolam. However, the haloperidol was subsequently discontinued because of EPS developed. From 11th March, 1997, she was observed to have a severe form of tardive dyskinesia involving her tongue, lip, and mouth. After risperidone was withdrawn at 9th May 1997, her tardive dyskinetic movement was disappeared. Conclusions : This is, to our knowledge, the first report of the onset of tardive dyskinesia in a patient taking risperidone. However, additional controlled studies of specific questions are needed ; e.g., the dose-response curves for produce tardive dyskinesia and the mechanism of producing risperidone-induced tardive dyskinea and so on.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.2058-2063
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• 2010

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC) is one of the international environmental convention with the goal of stabilizing Greenhouse Gas(GHG) concent in the atmosphere and preventing potentially dangerous change in the earth's climate. The purpose of this convention is to reduce fossil fuel consumption and to prevent GHG emission. The Republic of Korea was one of the Annex-II parties submitted its national communication to the UNFCCC. As a developing county, there is no GHG emission reduction commitments made by South Korea during first commitment period(2008~2012). On the contrary, South Korea' status as an OECD member, joining in 1996, ranks 6th in GHG emission. Furthermore the rate of increase of GHG is first among OECD countries in year 2005. As a result, Korea will probably be incorporated into Annex-I in second commitment period (after 2013). So, Korea government established and announced Voluntary GHG Reduction scheme to reduce emissions of 4%(accounting for 30% reduction base on Business As Usual) from the 2005 level by the year 2020 for mitigation of reduction duty impact. In specific case of Korea, transportation section occupied almost 21% of total energy consumption and nearly 17% of total GHG emission at 2005, so systematic emission management is required. To do so, in this research, we focus on systematic way of GHG management system to handle GHG reduction duties in Railroad section.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.199-204
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to examine the population density of the mosquito species, and to provide the basic data related to vector mosquitoes to manage the possible epidemic diseases. During a 4-year investigation (2001, 2002, 2004, and 2006), we collected the specimens of the mosquitoes at pier no. 1, 3 and 5 of Busan port with light traps from sunset until the next day morning from April to October each year. Through the research, we collected 5,985 mosquito specimens in total and found 7 mosquito species belonging to 3 genera. A total of 1,575, 1,473, 1,478 and 1,459 mosquito specimens were collected in 2001, 2002, 2004 and 2006, respectively. Among them, 5,568 (93.0%) specimens were Culex pipiens pallens, the West Nile virus infection vector, which showed the highest density among the specimens. The population densities of the other species were: 295(4.9%) Culex tritaeniorhynchus, 94(1.5%) Aedes togoi, 12(0.3%) Aedes albopictus, 10(0.2%) Anopheles sinensis, 4(0.1%) Aedes vexans nipponii, 2(0.1%) Culex inatomii. The monthly abundance of mosquitoes from July through September showed the highest values. Although it was a general mosquito monitoring study, this study could provide a base for securing the statistical data on spreading epidemic diseases by people infected outside Korea.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to develop a growth prediction model that can predict growth and development information influencing the production of citrus fruits: the growth model algorithm that can predict floral leaf ratio, number of fruit sets, fruit width, and overweight depending on the main period of growth and development with consideration of the applied weather factors. Every year, large scale of manpower was mobilized to investigate the production of outdoor-grown citrus fruits, but it was limited to recycling the data without an observation supporting system to systemize the database. This study intends to create a systematical database based on the basic data obtained through the observation supporting system in application of an algorithm according to the accumulated long term data and prepare a base for its continuous improvement and development. The importance of the observed data is increasingly recognized every year, and the citrus fruit observation supporting system is important for utilizing an effective policy and decision making according to various applications and analysis results through an interconnection and an integration of the investigated statistical data. The citrus fruit is a representative crop having a great ripple effect in Jeju agriculture. An early prediction of the growth and development information influencing the production of citrus fruits may be helpful for decision making in supply and demand control of agricultural products.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-12
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• 1982

To study tile comparison of aboveground biomass of Pinus rigida Mill. of 18-year-old, plantations located in Whaseong, Yuseong and Wanju district were selected. Ten sample trees in each district selected taking account of DBH distribution were felled carefully to minimize loss of branches and stem analysed by 1m lag segment sectioned from base . The tree height and DBH were measured for sample trees in total growing within $200m^2$ experimental plot. The diagram of oven-dry weight distribution of stem, branch and needle for each 1m segment was constructed. The logarithmic regression equations between dry weight of each component and the two variables, $DBH^2$ and tree height, combined term were presented. The standing crops in the sample stand was estimated to be as much as 23.88, 54.09 and 42.68 tons of dry matter, above ground , per ha in Whaseong, Yuseong anf Wanju district respectively. Annual net production was estimated at 253,657 and 3.65 tons per ha per year respectively. The net assimilation rate was 1.65,1.95 and 1.81 kg/kg/yr in Whaseong, Yuseong and Wanju district respectively. The efficency of leaf to produce stem was 0.99, 1.12 and 1.30 kg/kg/yr respectively.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.10 no.1 s.25
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• pp.25-40
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• 2001

Since the 17th century, the society of Chosun Dynasty belonged to a period of rapid transition in many fields. As the building is a result produced on the basis of a society and economy, the general transition in a society is to be reflected into a process of building construction. Therefore an understanding or estimate of a building can be guaranteed by research of a process of building construction. Economic base factors in its process consist of material, cost, manpower, and operation system, etc. to be committed to the construction. On the premise, this paper is to examine the production of wood members and the calculation of the amount of raw woods in a process of woodwork in the construction of the government managed buildings in the late of Chosun dynasty. Construction reports, job slips, written estimates, and other documents in those days are examined for the study. To classify raw woods according to a standard size was aimed to a material management appropriately to apply each them to building size or its member size. The way to select a list of raw woods applicable to each member size, and to calculate the amount of the demanded wood was much more improved with 'Injungjeon-yeongkweon' in the year 1805 at the turning point than 'Hwaseong-seongyuk' in the year 1796. The improvement of material management brought to overcome a shortage of the amount supplied from forest preserve, and to a rationalization of building construction.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.15-23
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• 2004

Namdo castle located in Namdong-ri, Imhoi-myon, Chindo-kun Cholla South Province is 610 meters long 5.3 meters high, and 20,000 square meters wide. This castle hasn't an accurate built year record. But there is still a great possibility of its having been built in the Sam-kuk (Three Kingdoms) era (around A.D. 300∼700). This castle seems to have been enlarged after 1438 because Manho-pu (lower unit of government office in Chosun dynasty) in Namdopo first appeared in the 20th year of King Sejong's reign. The main office, guest rooms, official residency of the castle were removed during the Japanese colonial rule and the land of the castle was sold separately for housing in the name of liquidation of Korean history. Thus, the Namdo castle that served as a naval base to defeat the Japan-based pirates' invasions throughout the Chosun period disappeared. As of Oct. 2000. 28 houses including a town hall occupy the site of the castle and are expected to be removed according to the restoration program of the castle. In this thesis, I'd like to study about the characteristics of housing in the site of the castle. To figure out the direction of the restoration program. I interviewed a few relating public officials in Chindo County Office. To examine the characteristics of housing, I surveyed the residents for the surrounding of housing.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.52 no.6
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• pp.27-37
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• 2010

The effect of potential future climate change on the storage rate of paddy field during storm periods (June - September) was assessed using the daily paddy water balance model. The CCCma CGCM2 data by SRES (special report on emissions scenarios) A2 and B2 scenarios of the IPCC (intergovernmental panel on climate change) was used to assess the future potential climate change. The future weather data for the year 2020s, 2050s and 2080s was downscaled by Change Factor method through bias-correction using 30 years weather data. The future (2020s, 2050s and 2080s) rainfall, storage and irrigation of paddy field, runoff in paddy levee and ponding depth were analyzed for the A2 and B2 climate change scenarios based on a base year (2005). The future irrigation change of paddy field was projected to increase by decrease in rainfall. So, runoff change in paddy levee was decrease slightly, future storage change of paddy was projected to increase.