• 웰빙융합연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2023

Purpose: In this study, we would like to make a technical proposal to solve the odor problem in pig houses. Through this, we would like to suggest an effective way to reduce the odor generated in the pig house as a solution to civil complaints. Research design, data and methodology: Conduct direct visits to pig farms where many civil complaints about bad odor occur, and identify the problems of each farm. Identify elements related to odor control, such as structure, facility, equipment, odor management method, and ventilation type. Through this, the technology to be applied to reduce odor and the solution to the odor problem are presented. Results: The results of major improvements are as follows: 1. Improvement of the structure of the barn or composting shed to an airtight type 2. Improvement of the pig manure treatment structure using the slope inside the barn 3. Establishment of ventilation and cooling systems 4. Automation of the mist spray system. Conclusions: As a result, as practical measures, sealing of facilities using winch curtains, construction of air conditioning systems using negative pressure ventilation, and management systems using AIoT systems were presented. It is judged that this study can be helpful in determining the grievances caused by civil complaints of tenant livestock farms and the direction of facility improvement in the future.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.43.1-43.8
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• 2023

Background: Meloxicam is used widely for exotic animal analgesia, but its toxicity in common raptor species in Thailand is unclear. Objectives: This study evaluated the single-dose effect of intramuscular meloxicam in common raptor species in Thailand for short-term and long-term periods. Methods: Twenty-two raptors were administered a single 1 mg/kg dose of meloxicam individually via intramuscular injection. The following were evaluated: clinical appearance, body weight, body condition score, body temperature, fecal appearance, complete blood cell count, and biochemistry panel before (day 0) and after the injection (1, 7, and 30 days). The collected samples were categorized into three groups: Brahminy kite (Haliastur indus) (n = 10), adult Barn owl (Tyto javanica) (n = 4), and juvenile Barn owl (n = 8). Results: None of the raptors in the study groups showed any abnormalities. The hematological profiles were significantly different in the short-term period (day 1 and day 7). The creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine kinase increased in several groups. On the other hand, the packed cell volume decreased in the Brahminy kite and juvenile Barn owl groups. According to the findings, an intramuscular injection of 1 mg/kg meloxicam affected the blood biochemistry panel of the muscle, but the affected raptors recovered within one week. Conclusions: An intramuscular injection of meloxicam at a single 1 mg/kg dose in Brahminy kites and Barn owls was not associated with the morbidity, hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, and nephrotoxicity in the short- and long-term periods.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.645-651
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• 1999

일반란, 천연란, 고센란, 청둥오리알, 기러기알의 지질성분 및 지방산 조성 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 가식부 100 g에 대한 지질 비율은 기러기알>고센란>청둥오리알>일반란>천연란 순으로 기러기알이 가장 높았고, 지질중 TG 비율은 일반란>고센란>천연란>청둥오리알>기러기알 순으로 일반란의 TG함량이 가장 높았다. Cholesterol함량은 난황 1 g당 일반란이 14.14mg로 가장 높았고, 청둥오리알과 13.30 mg으로 가장 낮았고, total lipid에 대한 cholesterol함량은 일반란이 4.5%로 가장 높았고, 청둥오리알과 기러기알이 3.3%로 가장 낮았다. 방사구란과 비방사구란을 중성지절, 당지질 및 인지질의 함량을 측정한 결과 중성지질은 방사구란에 비해 비방사구란이 더 높았고, 당지질과 인지질의 경우에는 반대로 비방사구란보다 방사구란에서 더 높게 나타났다. 특수란의 경우 중성지질 함량은 청둥오리알보다 기러기알이 더 낮았고, 두 종류 모두 달갈류보다 더 낮은 값이였다. 또한 당지질과 인지질은 청둥오리알보다 기러기알에서의 함량이 더 높았고, 두 종류 모두 달걀류보다 높게 측정되었다. 분획한 중성지질과 당지질, 인지질 모두 TLC에 의한 정성반응을 통해 성분 확인을 하였다. 필수 지방산 함량을 분석한 결과 linoleic acid 함량은 기러기알에서, linolenic acid 함량은 고센란에서 가장 높았다. Arachidonicacid와 EPA함량는 기러기알에서 가장 높게 나타났고, 달갈류에서는 EPA값이 측정되지 않았다. DHA함량은 기러기알>천연란>일반란>고센란>청둥오리알 순으로 기러기알에서 가장 높게 나타났다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2005

Economic animal husbandry workers exposed to organic dust can be suffered from immunologic disorders. Our study was to determine immunological parameters related with occurrence of respiratory allergic diseases to animal husbandry workers in Korea for the first time. Peripheral blood were obtained from twenty-five pig barn workers, forty-nine chicken farming workers and fifty-one non-agricultural control workers. Significantly upregulated plasma IgE level was observed with pig-barn workers than that of chicken farming workers or healthy community control subjects. Furthermore, level of histamine, a hallmark of allergy induction, was upregulated in the pig and chicken farming workers in comparison with that of the control subjects. Downregulation of $IFN_\gamma$ and $TNF_{\alpha}$ production from T cells was apparent in the animal husbandry workers compared with the control subjects. Meanwhile, T cells collected from the pig barn workers demonstrated significantly higher production of IL-4 and IL-10 than the other groups. There were also alterations in IgG subclass distribution. In conclusion, immunological modulation probably leading to occupational allergic diseases can be occurred in the economic animal husbandry workers and the pig barn workers could be the most risky group to the work-related allergic disease.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.484-490
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• 1997

Spatial distribution of urination by Japanese Black heifers and steers was investigated, and compared with the distribution of defecation. The animals grazed a bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum $Fl\ddot{u}gge$) pasture in the daytime, and spent the rest of the day in a barn. The distribution of urination to the pasture was greater than that expected from the proportion of time that the animals spent in the pasture. Correspondingly, the distribution was smaller in the barn. Such a distribution pattern of urination to the pasture and barn was similar to that of defecation, and affected by the intake of supplement on the previous day. The distribution of urination within the pasture, i.e. the distribution to the paddock, alley and resting area, was often uneven on an area basis. The animals often urinated sparsely in the alley and resting area, while they urinated in the paddock almost proportionally to its area. This was a clear contrast to the distribution pattern of defecation, which was sparse in the paddock and dense in the resting area. The degree of aggregation of urination in the paddock, alley and resting area varied with the meteorological factors and the intake of supplement.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate the actual conditions on housing and facilities for goat. This investigation of the actual conditions was investigated by the style of farm which was divided into sideline scale and speciality scale included 47 farms. The results are summarized as follows: Rearing scale was 48.9% for 50-100 heads per farm. Rearing type was 46.8% for grazing type and 53.2% for barn type. Housing type was 27.7% for simple frame housing and 72.3% for permanent housing. Pipe was used 80.8% with Pillar and Girder as the housing frame at farm. For the pipe used in farm, 27.7% of them was used for simple frame housing. Side wall was composed of cement and winch curtain to be 29.8%, slate roof to be 40.4%, pipe partition to be 38.3%, and cement floor to be 51.1%. Materials of feeding trough were wood and Zinc grater to be 41.5%, respectively. Type of feeding trough was square to be 70.2%. The feeding trough was located in barn to be 48.9%. Material of water supply facilities was plastic to be 87.2%. Type of water supply facilities was mostly square to be 76.6%. Water-trough was located in playground to be 48.9%. Parturition facilities were consisted of partition structure by group to be 42.5% and were mainly composed of pipe and wood. 46.8% of the barn did not have delivery room in the farm.

• 스마트미디어저널
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2024

최근 IT 기술의 급속한 발전과, 인구노령화에 따른 노동력 부족에 대한 다양한 방안들이 나타난다. 축산업에서도 인공지능 기술을 활용하여 관리하는 시스템들이 늘어나고 있다. 제안하는 메타버스 기반의 스마트 축사 시스템은 디지털 가상 세계와 첨단 농업 기술의 결합으로 구성된 시스템이다. 이 시스템을 통해, 특별한 상황에서는 농부들은 축사에 직접 방문하지 않고도 동물의 상태를 실시간으로 모니터링할 수 있으며, 센서와 카메라를 통해 수집된 데이터를 분석하여 보다 효율적인 농업 경영이 가능하다. 추가적으로, 원격 제어 기능을 통해 축사 환경의 조절이 가능하며, 이는 노동력 절감과 축산업의 활성화에 기여할 것이다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제17권sup호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

본 연구는 무창 자돈사 및 육성 비육돈사에 대한 악취 제어를 위하여 이산화염소 가스를 이용한 악취 제어 효율을 검증하고자 하였다. 본 실험은 일반농장에서 실시하였으며 실험결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 무창 자돈사는 환기시스템이 덕트입기 방식이어서 즉, 상부 덕트 바로 하부에서의 공기속도는 4.53 m/s로 나타나 입기구를 통하여 들어오는 공기에 의하여 돈방내 전체적인 공기의 흐름이 나타나 효과적으로 환기가 되었다. 그리고 무창 육성비육사는 공기속도의 분포 흐름은 돼지의 생활공간 (하부)에서는 0.26 m/s로 나타났다. 2. 무창 자돈사내부에서의 암모니아 가스는 이산화염소 가스를 분무하기 전에는 9 ppm 전후로 측정되었으나, 이산화염소 가스 분무후 돈사내 암모니아 농도는 3 ppm 이하로 나타나 70% 이상 저감되었지만 황화수소는 검출이 거의 되지 않았다. 3. 무창육성비육돈사의 환기시스템에 의한 유해가스 (암모니아)의 농도를 분석한 결과로써, 돈사내부는 $26mg/{\ell}$로 유지되었지만 돈사외부로 배출된 가스는 이산화염소 가스와 혼합되어 11 ppm으로 감소되었으며 바이오 커텐 외부에서의 측정 결과 1 ppm 이하로 측정되어 암모니아 가스가 거의 측정되지 않았다. 이상의 실험결과를 종합해 볼 때 무창 돈사에 있어서 이산화염소 가스 분무에 의한 돈사 내외부에서 암모니아 등의 악취를 외부에 휘산시키는 농도를 저하시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2011

본 연구는 한우사육 305 농가에 대하여 우사바닥상태, 습기제거방법, 급이시설, 방역실태 등과 같은 사육환경을 조사 분석하여 환경개선을 통한 효율적인 농장관리 프로그램에 필요한 지표를 설정하고자 실시하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째는, 한우농가의 우사바닥 상태는 "보통이다" 으로 관리하는 경우가 가장 많았으며(46.4%), 건조한 편 (35.5%)도 많이 있어 비교적 잘 관리되고 있으나, 질척거리는 수준(18.1%)도 많이 있는 것으로 보아 아직도 바닥관리에 톱밥이나 송풍홴을 설치하여 습기를 제거해야 할 것으로 생각된다. 둘째는, 우사바닥 습기제거는 "송풍홴" 을 이용 (36.4%)하는 경우가 가장 많은 것으로 나타나 시설구입이나 에너지 비용을 절감할 수 있는 자연빛이나 통풍을 이용하도록 권장해야 한다. 셋째는, 축사 내 냄새 악취는 "깔짚교체"로(33.7%) 제거하는 경우가 가장 많았으나, 자연송풍 등을 효율적으로 이용하여 환기를 시켜야 할 것으로 생각된다. 넷째는, 여름철 축사내 "송풍홴 설치" 않은 농가 (37.7%)가 비교적 많았는데, 체온조절이나 습기제거용으로 적절히 설치되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 다섯째는, 사료급이시설은 "수동식" (88.2%)이 가장 많은 것으로 조사되었는데, 자동화시스템으로 전업화 농장 경영관리가 이루어져야 할 것이다. 여섯째는, 농가의 사양관리기술수준은 5점 만점 중 "2.80점" 으로 중등수준으로 평가되고 있어서 경쟁력을 갖춘 기술 습득이 요구된다. 일곱째로, 농장의 방역시설 중 "분무기" 사용 (80.8%) 농가가 가장 많았으나 소독장비가 없는 농가도 3.0%나 되었다. 그리고 "1주 1회" 방역실시 (40.0%) 농가가 가장 많았으나, 방역을 전혀 실시 않는 농가도 5.2%나 되는 것으로 조사되어 방역의 중요성 인식과 최적 방역 프로그램 개발이 더욱 요구된다. 따라서 아직도 열악한 환경에서 사육하는 우리나라 한우농가는 악취, 우사바닥, 송풍, 온도, 방역시스템 등과 같은 사육환경 관리시스템이 효율적으로 구축되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.1048-1053
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• 2017

Objective: The objectives of the study were to assess the effect of cacao bean husk as bedding material in free-stall barn on the behavior, productivity, and udder health of dairy cattle, and on the ammonia concentrations in the barn. Methods: Four different stall surfaces (no bedding, cacao bean husk, sawdust, and chopped wheat straw) were each continuously tested for a period of 1 week to determine their effects on nine lactating Holstein cows housed in the free-stall barn with rubber matting. The lying time and the milk yield were measured between d 4 and d 7. Blood samples for plasma cortisol concentration and teat swabs for bacterial counts were obtained prior to morning milking on d 7. The time-averaged gas-phase ammonia concentrations in the barn were measured between d 2 and d 7. Results: The cows spent approximately 2 h more per day lying in the stalls when bedding was available than without bedding. The milk yield increased in the experimental periods when cows had access to bedding materials as compared to the period without bedding. The lying time was positively correlated with the milk yield. Bacterial counts on the teat ends recorded for cows housed on cacao bean husk were significantly lower than those recorded for cows housed without bedding. Ammonia concentration under cacao bean husk bedding decreased by 6%, 15%, and 21% as compared to no bedding, sawdust, and chopped wheat straw, respectively. The cortisol concentration was lowest in the period when cacao bean husk bedding was used. We observed a positive correlation between the ammonia concentrations in the barn and the plasma cortisol concentrations. Conclusion: Cacao bean husk is a potential alternative of conventional bedding material, such as sawdust or chopped wheat straw, with beneficial effects on udder health and ammonia concentrations in the barns.