• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.322-328
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• 2006

A series of methanol extracts from leaf and root parts in spring- and winter-barley plants were assayed to determine their allelopathy and antioxidant activity. The methanol extracts applied on filter paper in a Petri-dish significantly inhibited root growth of Chinese milkvetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) seedlings. Leaf extracts at 25 and 50 g $L^{-1}$ inhibited root growth of Chinese milkvetch seedlings more than root extracts. No difference in phytotoxic effects of spring- and winter-barley seedlings extracts on root growth of Chinese milkvetch was observed. Methanol extracts dose-dependently increased DPPH free radical scavenging activity in vitro. DPPH free radical scavenging activity was higher in the methanol extracts from winter-barley seedlings than in those from spring-barley seedlings, and from leaf extracts than from root extracts. The antioxidant potential of the individual fraction from the methanol extracts of spring-barley seedlings was in order of n-butanol>ethyl acetate>water>chloroform>n-hexane fraction. By means of HPLC analysis, spring-barley (200.62 mg $100g^{-1}$) had more amount of total phenol acid than winter-barley (114.08 mg $100g^{-1}$). Especially, ferulic acid was detected in spring-barley extract (183.46 mg $100g^{-1}$) as the greatest amount. These results suggest that early seedlings of barley plants had potent allelopathy and antioxidant activity, and their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant parts and growing condition.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.57-77
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• 2003

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the depigmentation effects of Barley, Unpolished rice, Job's-tear. Metbods: We investigated that the extracts of Barley, Unpolished rice, Job's-tear inhibit activity of tyrosinase, the enzyme which convert ts 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) alanine to dopachrom in the biosynthetic process of melanin, the UV absorbance of the extracts in the UV-A region and UV-B region was measured by UV scanning, the effect of extracts on cell viability and melanin production in cultured B16 mouse melanoma cells were measured, and cytoprotective effects of extracts on PC12 cells injured by hydrogen peroxide measured by MTT assay. Results: The extracts of Barley, Unpolished rice, Job's-tear inhibited activity of tyrosinase in low density. The Barley, Job's-tear extracts not only showed inhibitory effects on melanin production in cultured B16 mouse melanoma cells, but also exhibited cytoprotective effects on PC12 cells injured by hydrogen peroxide in low density. Unpolished rice extract showed inhibitory effect on melanin production in cultured B16 mouse melanoma cells, but did not showed cytoprotective effect Barley, Unpolished rice, Job's-tear extracts did not showed an absorbance effect in the UV-A region and UV-8 region. Conclusions: These results suggest that Barley, Unpolished rice, Job's-tear inhibit melanin biosynthesis which is involved in hyperpigmentation and could be used as a whitening agent.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.159-164
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• 2010

Specialty barley extracts were prepared and investigated for its antioxidant activity and biological activity. Hunter $L^*$ values of the Iksan 86 extracts had higher than that of the Iksan 87 and Zasoojeongchal extracts. The extraction yields of Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal was 8.08, 6.62, and 7.30%, respectively. The contents of total phenolic compounds of the Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal extracts were 16.24, 15.51, and 13.95 GAE mg/g of sample, respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal extracts were 50.00, 33.27, and 7.56% at a 500 ppm, respectively. The samples showed an inhibition of xanthin oxidase. ACE inhibition effect of specialty barley extracts, Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal, was 39.81, 41.06, and 27.78%, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibition rates (%) of Iksan 86, Iksan 87, and Zasoojeongchal extracts were 26.21, 24.57, and 20.00%, respectively. Results indicated that specialty barley extracts possesses various biological activities including antioxidative capacity, xanthin oxidase inhibition activity, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition activity, and tyrosinase inhibition activity.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.486-491
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 최근 소비자에 대한 관심이 높아져 재배량 및 생산량이 증가하고 있는 새싹보리를 물 및 25, 50, 75% 에탄올 농도별로 추출물을 제조하여 기능성분 분석 및 산화방지 활성을 측정하였다. 추출수율은 추출용매의 극성도가 낮을수록 높아졌는데, 75% 에탄올 추출물의 수율이 가장 높게 나타났다. 또한 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량도 75% 에탄올 추출물에서 가장 높게 나타났는데, 특히 총 플라보노이드 함량은 다른 추출물 보다 약 2.5배 이상 차이를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 새싹보리 에탄올 농도별 추출물의 페놀성 화합물을 분석한 결과 추출용매의 에탄올 농도와 상관없이 새싹보리의 주된 페놀성 화합물은 rutin, gallic acid, ferulic acid 및 ${\rho}$-coumaric acid로 나타났다. 또한 새싹보리 에탄올 농도별 추출물의 catechins 분석 결과 catechin, epicatechin, epigalloactechin, epicatechingallate 및 epigallocatechingallate가 분석되었다. 새싹보리 에탄올 농도별 추출물의 산화방지활성을 측정하기 위하여 DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성, 환원력 및 FRAP를 측정한 결과 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량이 높았던 75% 에탄올 추출물이 DPPH 및 ABTS 라디칼 소거능, 환원력 및 FRAP 모두 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 결과적으로 새싹보리에 존재하는 기능성 물질들은 비극성 화합물의 함량이 높은 것으로 나타나 새싹보리를 에탄올을 용매로 추출물을 제조할 때 에탄올 농도가 높은 용매로 추출하는 것이 산화방지 활성에 효과가 좋을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 1991

In order to study the extraction mechanism of barley tea, some factors affecting extraction and physical properties of roasted barley and extract were examined. The main results of this study are as follows : 1. The roasted barley particles used as the raw materials were amorphous. Under the extraction condition used the average swelling ratio of the particles and imbibed volume were 1. 3g and 1.65ml/g respectively. The maximum soluble solid content in the roasted barley was 67.07%. 2. The concentrations of the barley extracts were determined by measuring their optical densitis at 420nm and the relationship between the concentration(C) and optical density(O. D.) was expressed as : C=6, 178XO. D. As shown in the following relationship, the viscosities(u: Ns/m2) of barley extracts were Influenced by concentration(C : kg/m3) and temperature(T : C). $\mu$=5.6731$\times$$10^{-4}e^{2.7}^{\times10^{{-3}\times{C}}$$\mu$=3.577$\times$$10^{-3}e^{{-3.02}\times{10^{-2}\times{T}}$

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.332-337
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• 1994

The antioxidant activity of solvent extracts isolated from barley leaves was investigated by measuring peroxide value. The fractions of methanol extract obtained from preparative TLC was also studies, with UV-Visible spectrum, total phenol contents and hydrogen donating ability(HDA) The antioxidant activity of various solvent extracts was, in decreasing order, methanol> ethyl ether> methylene chloride $\geq$ ethyl acetate $\geq$acetone> hexane. The antioxidant activity of the fractions of methanol extract was, in decreasing order, fraction 2> fraction 3> fraction 1 and their activity was all superior to that of tocopherol at 500 ppm level. All fraction(1, 2 and 3) exhibited a strong UV absorption at 280 m which would be specifically produced by phenolic compound. UV absorption at 280 m of fraction 2 was greater than those of fraction 1 and 3. In the visible spectrum of these fractions, the maximum .absorption wavelengths of fraction 1, 2 and 3 were 660, 460 and 460 m, respectively. Antioxidant activity of barley leaves seemed to be due to the flavonoids containing phenolic group by UV spectrum and total phenol content.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.748-752
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• 1990

전통 기호음료의 하나인 볶음보리 추출물을 사용하여 발암성 니트로사민의 직접적인 생성인자인 아질산염 소거작용을 검토하였는데, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 볶음보리 추출물의 수율은 볶음온도와 볶음시간에 크게 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. $230^{\circ}C$에서 60분간 볶았을 때에 수율이 가장 많았으며, 이 때의 수율은 28.5%였다. 아질산염 소거작용은 pH 1.2, 3.0에서는 반응시간과 더불어 증가하였고, pH6.0에서는 2시간 까지는 증가하였으나, 그 이후부터는 큰 변화를 나타내지 않았다. 볶음보리 추출물의 아질산염 소거작용은 볶음온도와 시간에 영향을 받았으며, 수용성획분의 경우 $230^{\circ}C$에서 볶음 보리에서 가장 강한 것으로 나타났다. 수용성획분을 에탄올 침전획분과 에탄올 가용성획분으로 나눈 경우, 에탄올 가용성획분의 아질산염 소거작용이 가장 강한것으로 나타났다. 볶음보리 추출물과 디메칠아민의 아질산염 소거작용을 조사해 본 결과, 반응시간이 3시간 되었을 때 볶음보리 추출물에 의해서는 아질산염을 거의 100% 소거시켰으나, 디메칠아민은 30% 소거시켜, 발암성 니트로사민 생성억제에 볶음보리 추출물이 유효하다고 생각된다.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 1986

The onset of photophosphorylation at the various stages of greening showed different patterns with varying concentrations of Pi. With further greening, ATP formation occurred at the lower concentration of Pi (48 hrs; 0.05 mM). At early stages of greening, more Pi was required for photophosphorylation (6 hrs; 5.0 mM). The addition of cell-free extracts of etiolated barley seedlings resulted in the competitive inhibition of photophophorylation. The apparent inhibition by cell-free extracts were gradually decreased during greening of etiolated barley seedlings. We found that the inhibitors of photophosphorylation in cell-free extracts were some organic phosphates and most of them was P-choline. P-choline inhibited photophosphorylation competitively with Pi and its content was decreased considerably in greening. It is likely that P-choline partly delay the photophorylation in early stages of greening.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2021

Barley's nutritional value as a health food is increasing due to its excellent nutritional functionality. In this study, the levels of β-glucan, total polyphenols, and total flavonoids were analyzed in the ethanol extracts of different barley cultivars (Hinchalssal, Heuksoojeongchal, Betaone, Ganghochung, and Saechalssal). Also, the free radical scavenging abilities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzo-thiaxoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) were measured to determine their antioxidant activity. The results confirmed that Betaone extract contained highly activefunctional components and exhibitedantioxidant activity. Next, we evaluated the hepatoprotective and inhibitory effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by barley ethanol extracts after inducing oxidative stress with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP) in HepG2 cells. Hinchalssal and Saechalssal extracts showed the most significant cytoprotective effect and also reduced ROS production significantly. These results suggest that Hinchalssal, Saechalssal, and Betaone represent potential natural antioxidant and hepatoprotective agents.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.103-105
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• 2007

Mechanical transmission of barley seedlings with barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) is generally inefficient and is the major constraint for testing cultivar resistance to the virus. To explore mechanical transmission, BaYMV-infected barley plants were grown at different conditions and used as inoculum sources to seedlings of susceptible barley cultivar Baegdong. Extracts prepared from BaYMV-infected Baegdong plants at 47, 53, 74, and 90 days after symptom appearance (DASA) and grown at 10 and $12^{\circ}C$ gave 10, 30, 68 and 76% infection, respectively on inoculated susceptible barley cv. Baegdong seedlings. While Jinyangbori, another susceptible cultivar obtained 95% infection rate inoculated with extracts from 90 DASA disease source and grown at $10/12^{\circ}C$. However, low infection rates were obtained when the virus sources were grown in a greenhouse at $15-18^{\circ}C$. Our results indicate that longer incubation period and lower temperature are required for virus accumulation and stability.