• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.134-141
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• 1989

In order to estimate field seedling emergence and grain yield by the information collected from various laboratory seed vigor tests, each two malting and naked barley cultivar seeds were artificially aged according to the standard aging treatment suggested by the Association of Official Seed Analysts. The seed vigor tests adopted were warm- and cold-germination test, tetrazolium vigor test and electrocon. ductivity test. Field emergence of malting barley (Y) was estimated by Y=-2.962+0.229X$_1$ (% warm germination) -0.001X$_2$ (vigor of warm germination test: WGT) +0.354X$_3$ (vigor of cold germination test: CT) -0.558X$_4$ (% cold germination). The multiple correlation coefficient indicated that % warm germination. was contributed 64 % of the variation in seedling emergence rate of malting barley. The vigor of warm and cold germination tests, and % cold germination contributed additional 4, 7, and 9%, respectively, upon addition of the variables into regression. For naked barley, the regression equation of emergence rate was less efficient(R$^2$=54%) than that of malting barley(R$^2$=84%). A model to predict grain yield by the results of various seed vigor tests was not evaluated for both malting and naked barlev.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.144-145
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• 2000

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.417-424
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• 1987

The seeds of three barley varieties of which initial seed vigor were different were used to measure seed vigor of accelerated aging techniques. A vigor index derived from the product of percent germination and plumule length was used to estimate seed vigor. The index was compared with the results of other tests. The results of warm germination test well suited to the measurements of seed vigor at the advanced stages of seed deterioration. Other vigor measurements except ATP and GADA values, showed close relationships with the vigor index. The measurements of plumule length in cold test and tetrazolium test were found to be appropriate for predicting seed quality.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to measure of growth and chlorophyl in barley exposed by X-ray. Barley seed was soaked 24h duration in water, then was classified into two group; pre-seed germination group (Pre-G) or post-seed germination group (Post-G). Also, divided as control subgroup and experimental subgroup(10Gy, 20Gy, 30Gy) in each group. Experimental subgroups were exposed by X-ray using linear accelerator (Clinac IS, VERIAN, USA). Expose condition was 6 MV X-ray, SSD 100 cm, 18×10 cm, 600 MU/min. Length was measured every day for 10 days and 10th day for weight. Chlorophyl was analyzed using spectrophotometer(uv-1800, shimadzu, japan) in l0th day. Data analysis was performed using SPSS ver 22.0(Chicago, IL, USA), ANOVA test (Dunnett_T3) between control subgroup and experimental subgroup in group and Independent T-test between Pre-G and Post-G in subgroup. In Pre-G, length of barley was significantly difference between control and 30Gy in 4th day (4.3 vs. 1.5, p= 0.011). Length of 30Gy was statistical difference with control(10th day; 14.4 vs. 6.3, p < 0.01), and was not in 10Gy or 20Gy in all day. In experimental subgroup, length was shorter as increasing radiation dose. In Post-G, length of barley was not difference statistically between control and experimental subgroup in first day, but more difference between two subgroup with increasing duration after exposing. Length of experimental subgroup was shorter significantly compared with control in 10th day, and no significant difference between experimental subgroup. Density of chlorophyl was increasing with increasing radiation dose in Pre-G and Post-G. Chlorophyl density of control was lower than 30Gy; 0.26ppm in Pre-G, 0.29ppm in Post-G). Growth and chlorophyl of barley was effected by X-ray. It is expected to be used as basic data for future radiobiological research.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.1-4
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to investigate the soil nitrogen credit of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and the nitrogen balance of soybean in soybean-barley cropping systems. Soybean cultivar, Shinpaldalkong2 and barley cultivar, Olbori, were used in soybean mono-cropping (SM), barley monocropping (BM), and barley­soybean double cropping system. The barley-soybean double cropping system was treated with two different levels of nitrogen fertilizers, 0 nitrogen fertilizer (BS-F0), and standard nitrogen fertilizer (BS-F1). Nitrogen and organic matter concentrations in soil of BS-F1 plot on October, 2001 were increased $4.8\%\;and\;5.9\%$, respectively, compared with those on October, 2000. The ranges of BNF rate in soybean were $69.1\~ 88.2\%$ in two years, and the rate was the highest in BS-F0 plot and the lowest in SM plot. The ranges of nitrogen harvest index (NHI) in all treatments were $83.9\~86.7\%$. The yield was 270 kg/10a in BS­F1 plot and 215 kg/10a in BS-F0 plot. However, the nitrogen balances were +0.6 kg/10a of gain of soil nitrogen in BS-F0 plot and -0.4 kg/10a of loss of soil nitrogen in BS-F1 plot. In comparisons of SM and BS-F1 plots, although the seed yields were similar in two plots, the loss of soil nitrogen was higher in SM than BS-F1 plot. Overall, our results suggest that barley-soybean double cropping system was more effective in respect to seed productivity and soil nitrogen conservation than soybean monocropping system, and the N credit to following crops by soybean cultivation was identified in soybean double cropping system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

The germplasms of naked barley evaluated for starch content were 137 crossing blacks and progeny lines obtained from the breeding program of the Wheat and Barley Research Institute, 540 Tabdong Kwonsungu Suwon, in the 1988/1989 season. Starch content was distributed between 49.15 and 62.50% with a mean of 57.20%. It was high in the bred lines and the Uz type lines than the imported, uz type or lax type ones. The range observed for seed coat weight was 1.12-3.02mg and the mean seed coat weight was 1.88mg. The seed coat weight ratio to kernel weight was measured between 4.0 and 8.7% with a mean of 6.5%. The varieties differ greatly in the characteristics depending on the plant type and origin of germplasms. The variation observed with protein content ranged from 9.60 to. 15.90% while the average was 12.86%. Starch content was negative relationships with kernel weight, seed coat weight, seed coat weight ratio., kernel width, kernel thickness and protein content, and starch content was higher in smaller kernels within a variety. The weight and weight ratio. of seed coat were positively correlated with the width, thick-ness of kernels, whilst they were negatively correlated with starch content. The heritability of starch content was 30.0%.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 1976

Enforcing germination to the premature seed green vernalization under constant vitalux-A illumination and exposing to higher room temperature during ripening stage, were successively applied during wheat and barley raising for the sake of the accelerating generation advancement in greenhouse. By application of this method, the winter habit variety 'Buheung' required only 77 days for 1 generation and could raise 4.5 generations during one year. one year.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.171-181
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• 2021

The purposes of this study were to determine how changes in temperature affect germination rates and growth of hulled and dehulled barley, malting barley, and naked oat plants, and to measure chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and secondary compounds (total phenol, total flavonoid, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity) in plants grown at 13℃ or 25℃). Various types of barley seeds were collected from areas with ideal conditions for barley cultivation, hereinafter referred to as IA, and also from areas where barley cultivation is more difficult due to lower temperatures, hereinafter referred to as LTA. Seeds were tested for seed vigor. While there were significant differences in the electrical conductivity values between seeds collected from certain specific areas, no significant differences were evident between IA and LTA seeds, regardless of the type of barley seed. When plants were grown at 25℃, there were no significant differences in germination rates, plant height, root length and shoot fresh weight between plants originating from IA and LTA. However, there were differences in the measured parameters of some specific seeds. Similarly, under the low temperature condition of 13℃, no differences in the emergence rate, plant height, and shoot fresh weight were evident between plants originating from IA or LTA, regardless of the type of barley. However, there were differences between some specific seeds. One parameter that did vary significantly was the emergence date. Hulled barley and malting barley emerged 5 days after sowing, whereas naked oats emerged 7 days after sowing. There were no differences in the chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficacy, regardless of the type of barley. There were no significant differences in total phenol, total flavonoid content, and DPPH radical scavenging activity between plants originating from IA and LTA, regardless of the type of barley. However, there were differences between some specific seeds. In particular, for malting barley the total flavonoid content differed in the order of Gangjin > Changwon > Haenam = Jeonju > Naju. The results indicate that crop growth, yield and content of secondary compounds in various types of barley may be affected by climate change.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.399-406
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of addition ratio(0, 5, 10 and 20%) of various minor ingredients(prosomillet, glutinous barley, oat, wheat, yellow and black soybean, safflower seed, chocolate etc.) on mechanical and sensory characteristics of Sulgiduk. In mechanical evaluation, hardness, cohesiveness and gumminess were increased with increasing the content of prosomillet, glutinous barley, oat and wheat to be added, and did not show any relationship the content of them to be added on yellow and black soybean, safflower seed and chocolate. In sensory evaluation, quality characteristics of Sulgiduk added with prosomillet, oat, yellow and black soybean and chocolate with $5{\sim}10%$, respectively was better than those of Sulgiduk without the minor ingredients. Change of hardness on Sulgiduk added with oat, yellow soybean, black soybean and chocolate was lower than those of Sulgiduk without them during storage of room temperature.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 1999.05a
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• pp.62-62
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• 1999