• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2008.03a
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

To obtain a shear-wave velocity profile in geotechnical practice, various seismic investigation methods which have their own strength and weakness are being frequently used. Generally, geotechnical site have lateral variation of the properties, so it is needed to determine 2-dimensional shear wave velocity imaging of the site. In this study, harmonic wavelet analysis of wave (HWAW) method is applied to determination of 2-D $V_s$ imaging. HWAW method which is based on time-frequency analysis using harmonic wavelet transform have been developed to determine phase and group velocities of waves. HWAW method uses the signal portion of the maximum local signal/noise ratio to evaluate the phase velocity to minimize the effects of noise. HWAW method determine detailed local $V_s$ profile because one experimental setup which consists of one pair of receivers with spacing of 1~3m is used to determine the dispersion curve of the whole depth. So, 2-D Vs imaging with relatively high resolution can be determined through a series of HWAW test. In order to estimate the applicability of HWAW method, field tests were performed in 4 sites. Through field applications and comparison with other test results, the good accuracy and applicability of the proposed method were verified.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2007.09a
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• pp.623-634
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• 2007

The aim of this research is development and verification of resistivity seismic dilatometer (RSDMT) system. The resistivity module for obtaining resistivity-depth plot and seismic module for obtaining wave velocity-depth plot are attached to the conventional flat dilatometer testing equipment. To enhance reliability and repeatability of seismic part in RSDMT, automatic testing system including automatic surface source, PC based data acquisition system and operating program were developed. To obtain real resistivity value of soil, geometric factor for the array of electrodes in RSDMT was derived empirically. The verification studies for the developed RSDMT system were performed at the southeast side of Korea where soil improvement work is planned. SPT, CPT, geophysical subsurface imaging techniques and some laboratory tests were performed for the comparisons. As one penetration of RSDMT, various soil parameters could be obtained. The results of field test showed good repeatability and reliability in every part. From these studies, developed RSDMT system was checked and the effectiveness of this system was verified in light of proper evaluation of geotechnical characteristics of soft soil.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.131-140
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• 2016

Purpose: The Korean Gastric Cancer Association (KGCA) has conducted nationwide surveys every 5 years, targeting patients who received surgical treatment for gastric cancer. We report the results of the 2014 nationwide survey and compare them to those of the 1995, 1999, 2004, and 2009 surveys. Materials and Methods: From March 2015 to January 2016, a standardized case report form was sent to every member of the KGCA via e-mail. The survey consisted of 29 questions, regarding patient demographics as well as tumor-, and surgery-related factors. The completed data forms were analyzed by the KGCA information committee. Results: Data on 15,613 patients were collected from 69 institutions. The mean age was $60.9{\pm}12.1$ years, and the proportion of patients more than 70 years of age increased from 9.1% in 1995 to 25.3% in 2014. Proximal cancer incidence steadily increased from 11.2% in 1995 to 16.0% in 2014. Early gastric cancer incidence consistently increased and accounted for 61.0% of all cases in 2014. The surgical approach was diversified in 2014, and 7,818 cases (50.1%) were treated with a minimally invasive approach. The most common anastomosis was Billroth I (50.2%) after distal gastrectomy, and the proportion of Roux-en-Y anastomoses performed increased to 8.6%. Conclusions: The results of this survey are expected to be important data for future studies and to be useful for generating a national cancer control program.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.17-22
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• 2009

Two different organic-inorganic hybrid thin film transistors (OITFTs) with the structures of glass/ITO/ZnO/PMMA/Al (staggered structure) and glass/ITO/PMMA/ZnO/Al (inverted staggered structure), were fabricated and their electrical and structural properties were compared. The ZnO thin films used as active channel layers were deposited by the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method at a temperature of $100^{\circ}C$. To investigate the effect of the substrates on their properties, the ZnO films were deposited on bare glass, PMMA/glass and ITO/glass substrates and their crystal properties and surface morphologies were analyzed. The structural properties of the ZnO films varied with the substrate conditions. The ZnO film deposited on the ITO/glass substrate showed better crystallinity and morphologies, such as a higher preferred c-axis orientation, lower FWHM value and larger particle size compared with the one deposited on the PMMA/glass substrate. The field effect mobility ($\mu$), threshold voltage ($V_T$) and $I_{on/off}$ switching ratio for the OITFT with the staggered structure were about $0.61\;cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, 5.5 V and $10^2$, whereas those of the OITFT with the inverted staggered structure were found to be $0.31\;cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, 6.8 V and 10, respectively. The improved electrical properties for the staggered OITFTs may originate from the improved crystal properties and larger particle size of the ZnO active layer.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.371-375
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• 2006

Frontometaphyseal dysplasia is a rare genetic syndrome first described by Gorlin and Cohen in 1969. This disease affects the skeletal system and connective tissue, and could be characterized by hyperostosis of the skull, prominence of supraorbital ridges, additional skeletal and extraskeletal abnormalities. It is believed that the condition is an X-linked dominant trait with severe manifextations in males and extreme variability in females.We described a case of 15-year-old boy manifested a pronounced supraorbital ridge associated with exorbitism. He also had bilateral progressive hearing deficit, thoracic spine scoliosis, chest wall deformity, bilateral maxillary sinusitis and both 5th finger arachnodactyly.The patient underwent a fronto-temporo-orbital cranioplasty through a coronal incision. The frontal bone including supraorbital region, orbital lateral rim and temporal bone were extensively contoured with burr. And then, burring of the medial aspect of lateral orbital wall was made to increase both orbital volume for correction of exorbitism. Postoperative results show well corrected prominent supraorbital ridge, hyperostosis of frontotemporal bone and exorbitism. The patient was satisfied with the improved appearance. No recurrence occurred during the 6 months of follow-up period. We report this case as it shows esthetically good result without any complication.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.210-211
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• 2005

[ $(K_{0.5}Na_{0.5})NbO_3$ ](KNN) 세라믹스의 소결 특성과 압전 특성을 높이기 위해 B-site에 Sb를 치환하여 Sb함량에 따른 특성을 측정 하였다. Sb 의 함량을 0mol $\sim$ 0.1mol 까지 첨가한 결과 소결 밀도는 Sb의 첨가량이 많아질수록 증가하다 Sb-0.08mol에서 4.40g/$cm^3$으로 가장 높은 밀도를 가졌으며, 여기서의 전기기계 결합 계수가(Kp) 0.45로 높은 값을 나타내었다. 상전 이 온도는 375$^{\circ}C$로 순수한 KNN 의 420$^{\circ}C$ 보다 약 45$^{\circ}C$정도 떨어졌으나 orthorhombic에 서 tetragonal 로 바뀌는 전이 온도는 KNN이 220$^{\circ}C$, KNNS 가 225$^{\circ}C$로 크게 변하지 않았다.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.735-739
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• 2006

The purpose of this case is to report the improvement after treatment about a patient with cerebral infarction by Sa-Am's Ohaeng-acupuncture and Liuqi-acupuncture. We treated the patient with acupuncture therapy from 6th September 2004 to 15th November 2004 Dy reinforcing Dadun(LR 1)Zusan Li(5736) Quchi(Li 11) and reducing Taibai(Sp 3) on the basis of etiological analysis and differentiation of endogenous wind caused by damp phlegm and heat. Right hemiplegia improved Gr. 1 to Gr. tV after acupuncture therapy. We interpreted 'reinforcing Dadun(LR 1) and reducing TaiDai(SP 3)'as using Simjeonggyeok in conjunction with Simseunggyeok on the basis of Sa-Am's Ohaeng-acupuncture. We interpreted 'reinforcing Dadun(LR 1) and reducing Taibai(Sp 3)' as excreting dampness in Spleen on the basis of Liuqi-acupuncture. We interpreted 'reinforcing Zusan Li(57 36) and Quchi(Li 11)' as eliminating wind-dampness and menstrual regulation.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2009

Serial ultrasonography was performed to measure the normal appearance of uterine during estrous cycle and to determine whether the unterine appearance was related to the sex hormone, progesterone and estrogen. The uterine appearances, shape, diameter and echogenicity were daily monitored with ultrasonography in 9 Miniature Schnauzer dogs undergoing II estrous cycles. During proestrus and estrous, the uterus became hypoechoic but developed hyperechoic luminal echo. In the longitudinal view, the shape of the uterus occasionally changed from rectangular to coiled or serpentine, compared to other stages of the cycle. The diameter of the uterus during proestrus and estrous was larger (range: 0.60${\sim}$0.86 mm) than other stages (range: 0.48${\sim}$0.62 mm) of the cycle. The rising estrogen concentrations (range: 14.51${\sim}$16.86 pg/ml) in plasma during proestrus correlated with changes in the uterus (p<0.05). Progesterone concentrations were 0.08${\sim}$0.15 ng/ml at the onset of proestrus, but rose 1.06${\sim}$1.26 ng/ml at the end of proestrus. There was no relation to progesterone concentration from onset of estrus (p>0.05). There was dramatical changes in normal uterus and sex hormone during estrous cycle. Especially, the appearance, shape and diameter of uterus were related to plasma estrogen concentration during proestrus, correlated with other stages of the cycle.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.389-403
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• 2004

This study presents the structural model modification based on the modal data such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. Preliminary structural model can be obtained using design drawings and field measurement, and therefore the deteriorated stiffness of a structure and the effect of the boundary conditions are difficult to be evaluated in preliminary analysis model, and the preliminary model can be modified using structural response data including static and/or dynamic characteristics. In this study, the structural model is modified based on the structural modal data using genetic algorithm. Modal testing were carried out for Imjin River Bridge and Hangjoo Bridge, the modal properties were estimated using modal identification techniques, and finally the structural models were updated using genetic algorithm. The modified structural model could give us more reliable structural analysis results and therefore those can be used for structural performance evaluation such as load carrying capacity and seismic capacity.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 1999

The bacteria which could hydrolyze the fibrin produced through the blood coagulation mechanism in the human body, were isolated from soybean paste. The KDO-13 strain was selected among the isolated bacteria as the best strain for fibrinolytic activity. It was spore forming and Gram positive. $C_{15:0}$ anteiso fatty acid, $C_{15:0}$ iso fatty acid and $C_{15:0}$ anteiso fatty acid were 47.7, 13.5 and 13.6%, respectively as major component among its cellular fatty acid composition. It showed the similarity of 57.7%, compared with standard strain. It was thus identified to be Bacillus atrophaeus according to Bergey's manual of systematic bacteriology and its fatty acid profiles of gas chromatography. The optimum culture temperature and pH were $37^{\circ}$ and 6 for the production of fibrinolytic enzyme by Bacillus atrophaeus KDO-13.