• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.409-421
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• 2017

Recently Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology offers new opportunities for assessing crop growth condition using UAV imagery. The objective of this study was to select optimal vegetation indices and regression model for estimating of rice growth using UAV images. This study was conducted using a fixed-wing UAV (Model : Ebee) with Cannon S110 and Cannon IXUS camera during farming season in 2016 on the experiment field of National Institute of Crop Science. Before heading stage of rice, there were strong relationships between rice growth parameters (plant height, dry weight and LAI (Leaf Area Index)) and NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) using natural exponential function ($R{\geq}0.97$). After heading stage, there were strong relationships between rice dry weight and NDVI, gNDVI (green NDVI), RVI (Ratio Vegetation Index), CI-G (Chlorophyll Index-Green) using quadratic function ($R{\leq}-0.98$). There were no apparent relationships between rice growth parameters and vegetation indices using only Red-Green-Blue band images.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.786-791
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• 2011

An optimal feature selection and extraction procedure is an important task that significantly affects the success of brain activity analysis in brain-computer interface (BCI) research area. In this paper, a novel method for extracting the optimal feature from electroencephalogram (EEG) signal is proposed. At first, a student's-t-statistic method is used to normalize and to minimize statistical error between EEG measurements. And, 2D time-frequency data set from the raw EEG signal was extracted using discrete wavelet transform (DWT) as a raw feature, standard deviations and mean of 2D time-frequency matrix were extracted as a optimal EEG feature vector along with other basis feature of sub-band signals. In the experiment, data set 1 of BCI competition IV are used and classification using SVM to prove strength of our new method.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.35.2-35.2
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• 2018

Using the K-band Multi-object Spectrograph (KMOS) at the Very Large Telescope (VLT), the KMOS Redshift One Spectroscopic Survey (KROSS) has gathered integral-field data for ~800 star-forming galaxies at a redshift z~1, when the universe was roughly half its current age and forming the bulk of its stars. With spatially-resolved observations, KROSS reveals galaxies that are both gas-rich and highly turbulent. It is possible to derive the observed and baryonic Tully-Fisher (luminosity - rotation velocity) relations, thus constraining the mass-to-light ratios and total (luminous + dark) masses of the galaxies. This in turn highlights the dependence of the relation zero-point on the degree of rotational support of the galaxies (rotational velocity to velocity dispersion ratio). By degrading and analogously analysing integral-field data of hundreds of local galaxies from the Sydney-AAO Multi-object Integral-field Spectrograph (SAMI) survey, a robust comparison z=0 Tully-Fisher relation can also be derived, thus further constraining the luminous and dark mass growth of disk galaxies over the last 7 billions years. This unique comparison also reveals that systematic effects associated with sample selection and analysis methods are as large as the effects expected from cosmological evolution, and thus that most other comparisons employing heterogeneous data and/or methods can safely be ignored.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.1097-1114
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• 2021

The primary objective of this work was to discover a solution for the survival of people in an emergency flood. The geographical information was obtained from remote sensing techniques. Through helpline numbers, people who are in need request support. Although, it cannot be ensured that all the people will acquire the facility. A proper link is required to communicate with people who are at risk in affected areas. Mobile sensor networks with field-programmable gate array (FPGA) self-configurable radios were deployed in damaged areas for communication. Ad-hoc networks do not have a centralized structure. All the mobile nodes deploy a temporary structure and they act as a base station. The mobile nodes are involved in searching the spectrum for channel utilization for better communication. FPGA-based techniques ensure seamless communication for the survivors. Timely help will increase the survival rate. The received signal strength is a vital factor for communication. Cognitive radio ensures channel utilization in an effective manner which results in better signal strength reception. Frequency band selection was carried out with the help of the GRA-MADM method. In this study, an analysis of signal strength for different mobile sensor nodes was performed. FPGA-based implementation showed enhanced outcomes compared to software-based algorithms.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.950-956
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• 1986

In this paper, a direct addressing mode of a microprocessor is introduced to save memory capacity, and also a dedicated digital filter is constructed to speed up the filter processing and to enable an easy selection of the impulse response types. A theoretical analysis has been conducted on the errors caused by the finite word klength, rounding-off and multiplication procedures. The digital filter designed by the proposed method is made into a module which can function as a 7th-order recursive or a 14-order nonrecursive type with a simples witch operation. The proposed filter is implemented on a printed-circuit board. The frequency characteristics of this filter can be controlled by the multiplication values stored in ROMs. A low-pass, a high-pass and a band-pass filter have been designed and their frequency characteristics are verified by actual measurements. For a order higher filer, two filter modules have been cascaded into an integrated filter of 23rd-order non-recursive low-pass type and a 12th-order recursive multiband type. Their frequency characteirstics have been found to agree with the theory.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.62.1-62.1
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• 2020

We present a scaling relation between black hole (BH) mass and bulge luminosity for 35 nearby (z<0.1) type 1 active galaxies, selected from the 70-month Swift-BAT X-ray source catalog. Thanks to the unbiased selection and proximity of the parent sample, our sample is suitable to study the physical connection between central black holes and host galaxies. We use the F814W images obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on Hubble Space Telescope, to perform the imaging decomposition with GALFIT. With a careful treatment on the PSF model, we measure the I-band bulge brightness robustly. In combination with the BH mass estimated from a single-epoch spectroscopic data, we present the correlation between BH mass and bulge luminosity of the target AGNs. We demonstrate that our sample marginally lies off from the M(BH)-L(bulge) relation of inactive galaxies. We discuss possible physical origins of this discrepancy. Finally, we present how the relation depends on the photometric properties of AGNs and host galaxies, which may provide an useful insight on the co-evolution between BHs and host galaxies.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.211-221
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• 2023

This study was conducted as a basic study for the selection of tags suitable for logistics management in the palletized unit-load unit and the development of various technologies to activate the palletized unit-load shipment of agricultural products through local APCs. Three types of passive RFID tags of UHF 900 MHz and one type of active RFID tag of 2.4 GHz band designed and manufactured through this study were used to analyze the receiving strength according to the tag's attachment location and distance of the palletized unit-load of agricultural products. In the passive RFID tag, there was a large difference in receiving strength by the tag's attachment location and a large amount of data loss depending on the distance within 30 m, whereas, in the active RFID tag, it was superior to the passive tags in terms of both receiving strength and data loss. Therefore, active tags are desirable from the perspective of multiple identification of warehouses with large spaces in relation to the application of RFID tags for palletized unit-loads of agricultural products, but the development of low-power technologies such as software wakeup power management as well as hardware to minimize battery power consumption is necessary.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.6
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• pp.341-348
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• 2011

ECG(Electrocardiogram), a field of Bio-signal, is generally experimented with classification algorithms most of which are SVM(Support Vector Machine), MLP(Multilayer Perceptron). But this study modified the Random Forest Algorithm along the basis of signal characteristics and comparatively analyzed the accuracies of modified algorithm with those of SVM and MLP to prove the ability of modified algorithm. The R-R interval extracted from ECG is used in this study and the results of established researches which experimented co-equal data are also comparatively analyzed. As a result, modified RF Classifier showed better consequences than SVM classifier, MLP classifier and other researches' results in accuracy category. The Band-pass filter is used to extract R-R interval in pre-processing stage. However, the Wavelet transform, median filter, and finite impulse response filter in addition to Band-pass filter are often used in experiment of ECG. After this study, selection of the filters efficiently deleting the baseline wandering in pre-processing stage and study of the methods correctly extracting the R-R interval are needed.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.159-179
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• 1974

In order to investigate morphological and cultural characteristics of strains in species, Flammulina velutipes, the author collected isolates of Flammultina velutipes at 49 locations in Korea and cultivated these isolates on the various kinds of solid media. After investigating the cultural characteristics, appeared on the various media, he obtained the following results : 1. The variation of colors in the fruit bodies is connected with the variation of climatic environments(composite effects between mean temperature in January and number of rain days of 1mm and over precipitation). The author, therfore, can find out the trend that brown type is distributed in the midland climatic region and yellow type in the southern climatic regoin. 2. Two types can be classified into several strains respectively : the strain of abundant or insufficient productivity, and strain of selectivity or non-selectivity of media. 3. According to the results of mutual comparison of soluble mycelial proteins by disc electrophoresis using polyacrylamide gels, each type has special common protein fractions(brown type : band located at 26..5mm position from surface of gel, yellow type : band located at 24.5mm position from surface of gel), and each strain has special protein fractions too. Therefore this phenomenon seems to support the results obtained by the above-stated morphological and cultural studies. 4. In the adaptability of strains to the temperature, every strain has the nature of growing in lower temperature(the optimum temperature of 20.deg.C to 25.deg.C) except that YI-1 strain has the optimum temperatue of $25^{\circ}C$-26^{\circ}C. And mycelial growth of every strain is discontinued at $35^{\circ}C.$ 5. In the adaptability of strains to the H-ion concentration, every strain has wide adaptable range of H-ion concentration, and has optimum range of pH 5.5 to 6.6 in mycelial growth excepting YA01, BI-2 and YI-1. 6. In the utility of carbon sources, the mycelial growth of every strain is very poor on the media containing xylose(average diameter of mycelial growth : 18mm), and most strains utilize favorably sucrose(39mm), maltose(37mm) and dextrose(35mm) in mycelial growth. In the utility of nitrogen sources, every strain utilizes favorably organic nitrogens(36 mm)more than inorganic nitrogens (25 mm), and utilizes fully peptone nad asparagine in organic nitrogens. Especially BA-1, BIK-2 and YA-1 strains grow vigorously on each media containing various carbon and nitrogen sources. 7. The characteristic tests of the number of days required for mycelial growth, the number of days requried for sprout of young bodies, the length of stipe and the number of fruit bodies formation seem to be useful methods in the early selection of the strain of the abundant productivity.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.91-99
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• 2018

This paper has proposed a low-noise and high-linear RF receiver supporting TV white space from 470 MHz to 698 MHz), which is implemented in $0.13-{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. It consists of a low-noise amplifier, a RF band-pass filter, a RF amplifier, a passive down-conversion mixer, and a channel-selection low-pass filter. A low-noise amplifier and RF amplifier provide a high voltage gain to improve the sensitivity level. To suppress strong and nearby interferers, two RF filtering schemes have been performed by using a RF BPF and a down-conversion mixer. The proposed LPF has been based on the common-gate topology and adopted a bi-quad cell to achieve -24dB/oct characteristics. In addition, the RF receiver can support the overall TV band by controlling a LO frequency. The simulated results show a voltage gain of 56 dB, a noise figure of less than 2 dB, and an out-of-channel IIP3 of -2.3 dBm. It consumes 37 mA from a 1.5 V supply voltage.