• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.25 no.3 s.68
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• pp.151-157
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• 1986

Population of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae(Sulz.), were successively selected(up to 20th generation) in the laboratory by the insecticide oxydemeton-methyl (Metasystox-R 25Ec) and the resistance was linearly increased with the selected generations. The population developed 355.5-to 359.9-fold resistance to oxydemeton-methyl at 20th generation-selection. The population showed cross resistance to the insectides cypermethrin(770.1-to 778.5-fold), acephate(25.6-to 33.2-fold) and pirimicarb(3.4-to 3.6-fold). The different esterase isozymes were detected by the electrophoresis from the selected and non-selected strains and the band of the ${\beta}-2$ from the selected strain showed greater esterase activity than that of the non. selected strain.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.107-115
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• 2004

To develop universal primers for phylogenetic analysis and species-specific marker for breeding program of kiwifruit, eighteens primers were designed from kiwifruit genome-specific repeat sequences. Seven species including twenty two varieties collected from native eastern Asia were examined using 18 to 22 mer kiwifruit target(KT) primers. among eighteen primers, we selected seven primers for phylogenetic relationship. The genus Actinidia was divided into two large groups; group I,A. arguta, A. melanandra, A. kolomikta, and A. marcrosperma, characterized by the non-hair in fruits and loaves or a few pubescences only in young stage, which belongs to the section Leiocarpae, and group II, A. chinensis, A. deliciosa, and A. eriantha, characterized by a lot of hairs only in young fruit stage and with a lot of hairs or fuzzes in leaves and branches, which belongs to the section Stellatae. Group II especially belongs to the series Perfectae of the section Stellatae and was divided into two subgroups; subgroup I containing A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, and subgroup II containing A. eriantha. In contrast, the two species, A. chinensis and A. deliciosa, which are known to have common parents, were divided into two independent subgroups with 80％ of a similarity value. On the other hand, we selected KT6F for variety specific bands, KT12E primers for 'Hayward' and 'Tomuri'. KT7F or KT12F primers were useful for analysis of inheritance pattern in kiwifruit cross-breeding. We suggest that these primers will be a powerful tool for elucidating phylogenetic relationship and selection of novelty kiwifruit in a breeding program.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.78 no.3
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• pp.263-273
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• 1989

Accurate and cost-effective classification of forest vegetation is the primary goal for forest management and utilization of forest resources. Aerial photograph and remote sensing are the most frequent and effective method in forest resources inventories. TM and MSS are the principal observing instruments on the Landsat-4 and -5 earth observing satellite. Especially TM has considerably greater spatial, spectral, and radiometric resolution power than MSS, that is, the IFOV of TM at a nadir is 30m compared to 80m for MSS. In this study, we used TM data to classify forest types and compared the result with forest type map manufactured by interpretation of B/W infrared photographs. As a result, land use types were well defined with TM data. But classifying forest types was a little difficult and indistinct. However, the spectral signatures of forest in every season and growing stages remained as problems to be solved, and also the most effective selection and combination method of bands for differentiating the spectral plots among classes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.697-708
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• 2016

As the needs for fast wireless communication technology in various fields, including companies, individuals, etc., grows, many research projects related to the coverage of propagation are being carried out for plaining optimized communication services. On the other hand, there are some limitations in surveying and analyzing propagation in highland areas. To provide a better communication service of a new service, a range of radio environment conditions based on a wide radio bandwidth (selection of propagation model, correction of value in accordance with radio bandwidth, etc.) should be considered. In particular, radio environment conditions are becoming increasingly sophisticated. By the early detection of real-time changes in the radio spectrum, which is based on an examination and research of regional occupied band width condition, proper measures should be established. To make a proper solution of above, the basic real-time analysis of spectrum distribution status by regional groups is necessary. In addition, the establishment of prompt measures should be enable by stored or analyzed radio data. In an attempt to predict reliable propagation coverage, this thesis examines the limited propagation data with HTZ Warfare, which were collected from domestic high land sites faced with limited access. Furthermore, a comparative result value evaluation for an optimized propagation model was performed through testing simulations, and frequency-dependent and propagation model-dependent analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.149-155
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• 2015

This paper proposes 5-MS/s 10-bit digital-to-analog converter(DAC) with the improved linearity. The proposed DAC consists of a 10-bit R-2R-based DAC, an output buffer using a differential voltage amplifier with rail-to-rail input range, and a band-gap reference circuit for the bias voltage. The linearity of the 10-bit R-2R DAC is improved as the resistor of 2R is implemented by including the turn-on resistance of an inverter for a switch. The output voltage range of the DAC is determined to be $2/3{\times}VDD$ from an rail-to-rail output voltage range of the R-2R DAC using a differential voltage amplifier in the output buffer. The proposed DAC is implemented using a 1-poly 8-metal 130nm CMOS process with 1.2-V supply. The measured dynamic performance of the implemented DAC are the ENOB of 9.4 bit, SNDR of 58 dB, and SFDR of 63 dBc. The measured DNL and INL are less than +/-0.35 LSB. The area and power consumption of DAC are $642.9{\times}366.6{\mu}m^2$ and 2.95 mW, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.325-342
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• 1998

Two RADARSAT SAR images with different modes acquired by Canadian Space Agency to test the effectiveness of geological lineament extraction and spring water detection over the Cheju Island. Geological lineaments are poorly developed this basalt dominant volcanic island, but more linear features can be extracted when SAR and TM images are simultaneously analyzed than when TM image alone is used. This results mainly owe to the facts that RADARSAT SAR systems are able to provide data with different frequencies, azimuth, and incidence angles. Distribution of spring water along coast is poorly correlated with geological lineaments or drainage pattern, but those in middle range of mountain region are developed along geological lineaments. Detection of spring water using remotely sensed images are turned out to be very difficult to achieve. Radial shaped sea surface temperature anomaly derived from TM thermal band should be the best candidate for spring water, but the resolution is not high enough. We also investigate the normalized radar cross section (or sigma naught) converted from RADARSAT and ERS-1 SAR data but to discriminate the spring water effectively except where relatively large water mass is observed on land side. Speckle noise and irregularity in physical sea surface condition are the serious obstacles for this application. ERS-1 SAR image acquired in low incidence angle was more useful for geological lineament estimation and water body study than RADARSAT SAR images with high incidence angles. Therefore the selection of incidence angle is critical in geological and spring water applications of SAR images, and low incidence angles less than about 30$^{\circ}$ are recommended to monitor the Cheju volcanic island.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-128
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• 2022

This study investigates the effect of wrist guards equipped with electronic muscle stimulation on reducing wrist pain and improving wrist function of actual lure fishing participants. This study combined conductive fabrics by selecting two products of wrist guards that can be used in lure fishing, which requires holding fishing rods with hands for a long time. It was conducted on ten healthy men aged 35 to 45, and the selection conditions were selected for those who did not have a history of surgery on the wrist and are currently enjoying lure fishing as a hobby. The experimental movement was performed 100 times before each experiment to cause delayed muscle pain to cause wrist fatigue when lure fishing was performed with the operation of grip strength and range of motion. As a result of this study, it was found that pain reduction, range of motion, and grip strength were improved when electrical stimulation was applied after wearing a wrist band in the form of a wrist wrap and semi-gloves. The conclusion of this study was that when electrical stimulation was applied to the wrist guards, the effect of improving the fatigue and function of the wrist could be confirmed through experiments. Through this study, it is expected that wearing electronic muscle stimulation wrist guards will have a significant effect on preventing wrist injuries and improving functional recovery for lure fishing participants.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.337-344
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of theratainment low extremity complex exercise using unstable surface on knee and static plantar pressure in patient with genu varum. 25 adult subjects were recruited and randomized into stable surface exercise group(SEG) and unstable surface exercise group(UEG). Subjects carried out complex exercise(elastic band exercise & squat exercise) for 40 minutes, 4 times per week for 5 weeks. The knee joint distance and Q-angle of all subjects measured, the foot pressure measured distribution on the front and rear of both foots during pre and post. The most outcome at post was significantly improved than the pre outcome in the both group(p<.05). The result of this study show that the low extremity complex exercise using unstable surface may be appropriate for improving structure of knee joint and static plantar pressure in patient with genu varum. This will enable the application of low extremity complex exercise using unstable surface in rehabilitation therapy of genu varum and it will help guide the selection of the therapist as one therapeutic basis.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 1997

ZrO2 phase transformations depending on the type and amount of dopants and the sintering temperatures were studied for the 2 components (CaO-, Y2O3-, MgO-ZrO2) and the 3 components(MgO-ZrO2-Al2O3)ZrO2 powder by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. In the CaO- and Y2O3-ZrO2 systems, as the CaO and Y2O3 contents increased to 6~15mol% and 3~15mol% respectively, we were not able to identify between tetragonal and cubic in the X-ray diffraction patterns. On the other hand, all Raman modes shifted to lower wavenumbers, decreasing in intensity and the number of bands, markedly. These phenomena were caused by tetragonallongrightarrowcubic phase transformation and interpreted by the breakdown of the wave vector selection rule(k=0) and the structural disorder associated with the formation of oxygen sublattice which was caused by the substitution between Zr4+ ion and Ca2+ or Y3+ ion in ZrO2 matrix. The monoclinic to cubic phase transformation occurred in 10mol% MgO-ZrO2 system. As the Al2O3 content increased from 0 to 20mol% in the MgO-ZrO2-Al2O3 systems, cubic phase transformed to monoclinic phase, this is because the MgO didn't play a role in a stabilizer because of the formation of the spinel(MgAl2O4) by the reaction between MgO and Al2O3, Also, the ZrO2 phase transformation was explained by the change of it's lattice parameters depending on the type and amount of dopants. Namely, as the amount of dopant increased to 10~13mol%, the axial ra-tio c/a came close to unity with increasing the lattice parameter a and decreasing the lattice parameter c. At that time, the tetragonallongrightarrowcubic phase transformation occurred.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

Recently the increasing of vinyl and green houses and development of reclaimed land including Saemangeum induced the need for breeding salt-tolerant crops which can survive and grow in high salinity soil. So we try to develop salt-tolerant transgenic chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum.) lines by using anti-porter gene TANHX and HVNHX. Through marker selection and plant regeneration step, we could get 284 putative transgenic chrysanthemum lines. On selected putative transgenic plants, 40 candidates were used for genetic analysis and 30 lines could be made up of target size band on PCR, so about 75% of marker selected lines were decided as real transgenic lines. Selected 284 transgenic lines were also used for salt-tolerance test as a range of NaCl 0.2 ~ 1.2% (300 mM). As a result of salt-tolerance test, 15 selected transgenic lines could live and grow on the continuous supply of 0.8% (200 mM) NaCl solution and another 7 lines were could survive under 1.2% (300 mM) NaCl solution. This salt-tolerant transgenic lines under salt stress also lead a cell alternation especially a guard cell. A stressed guard cell be swelled and grow larger in proportion to NaCl concentration. TTC test for cell viability on transgenic chrysanthemum lines pointed out that more strong salt-tolerant lines can be live more than another under same salt stress. The numerical value of strong salt-tolerant 7 transgenic lines were 0.206 ~ 0.331 under 1.2% NaCl stress, and then it's value is more larger than middle salinity lines' 0.114 ~ 0.193 and non-transgenic's 0.046. And the proline contents as indicated stress compound also pointed out that HVNHX introduced salt-tolerant transgenic lines were less stressed than other under same salt stress. The contents of strong salt-tolerant transgenic lines were 2.255 ~ 2.638 mg/kg and it is much higher than that of middle salinity lines' 1.496 ~ 2.125.