• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.41-49
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the using behavior of the balcony space in apartment housing for improving apartment balcony as dwelling space. For that, it is needed to identify the practical meaning of balcony space as function so balcony expansion and the using behavior of balcony space were investigated and analyzed. For this study, survey and depth-interview methods were used for data collection. The major findings were as followings: 1) Balcony expansion mainly occurred in balcony of livingroom and bedroom. Balcony expansion showed several phases according to the type of plan and function of balcony space and few residents chose expansion of all balconies. 2) The using behavior of balcony space was categorized by these various functions of balconies. It was also related to unit-plan type of apartment housing. These results can provide improvement guidelines for the balcony with the differentiation of design factors for residents.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.347-354
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• 2005

This paper compared vertical temperature distribution between the existing balcony model without ventilator facilities and the improved balcony model with ventilator facilities using differential equation. As the air inside of balcony is heated by solar radiation this heated air is not exhausted in the existing balcony, remaining stagnant. The air temperature distribution was $26.7{\sim}29.3^{\circ}C$ in balcony without natural ventilator system. This heated air affected the rising air temperature of adjacent spaces such as living room and bedroom in the existing balcony. But, as the heated air inside of the improved balcony model is exhausted through natural ventilator facilities in summer, the air temperature in balcony has fallen. The air temperature distribution in improved balcony was $24.8{\sim}26.7^{\circ}C$ for the inlet air speed of 1 m/s and $24.6{\sim}26.7^{\circ}C$ for the inlet air speed of 3 m/s. The energy consumption of the improved balcony is 2.5 times less than of the existing balcony. The improved balcony with the closed damper makes a roll as the existing balcony in the aspect of the heating effect. When the heated air in the improved balcony is supplied, the air temperature is raised and the ventilation effect in adjacent spaces was improved.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.152-162
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• 2012

In Korean apartment housing, balcony is semi-outdoor space for storage and drying laundry. Recently, this semi-outdoor balcony space has been merged into indoor living space with the legal permission of balcony extension. It results in disappearance of the original function of balcony in apartment housing. This study attempts to propose better utilization of balcony extension by analyzing how balcony has been extended and used, and what residents' needs are. This study asks 400 housewives living in apartment housing in Jangyu new urban area, Kyungnam. Findings are : 1) Balcony extensions are carried out in a living room, a large bedroom and a small bedroom. Most extensions are made for enlarging adjacent indoor living space; 2) Original balcony that is not extended is used for drying laundry, resting, flower pot, storing, and kid's playing; 3) The residents recognize that problems of balcony extension are the decreased heating efficiency, the reduced soundproofing effect, the loss of spare housework space, and the disappearance of buffer between indoor and outdoor space; 4) Many residents want to extend their balcony space of a small bedroom and a large bedroom and to keep the balcony space of a kitchen-dining room and a master bedroom as they are.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.1 s.69
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• pp.42-48
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• 2005

The present study investigates the effect of balcony on external smoke movement of high rise building through the fire tests of the 1/10 reduced model scale using Froude scaling. A hexane pool fire is used to examine the smoke movement for various opening sizes of balcony and temperature distributions are measured by T-type thermocouples. Also, hydrogen bubble technique is applied to visualize the smoke movement near the balcony. Measured temperatures of the closed balcony is 2.5 times higher than those of the open balcony because the external smoke in case of the closed balcony rise along the vertical wall. The maximum vertical temperature of partially closed balcony is similar with fully closed balcony and mean temperature inside of balcony increases as opening size of balcony decreases. The experimental results show that the balcony space plays an important roles in preventing fire propagation and cooling of smoke layer. In order to ensure the fire safety in high rise building design, a series of systematic researches are required to examine the various type of balconies.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.801-806
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• 2006

Balcony space effects indoor thermal environment. When balcony is extended, problems would be made such as noise, dew condensation, over heating energy, and etc. Extend of balcony increase heating load about 47%. occupants must consider remodeling for their balcony. This paper compare extended balcony with unextended balcony on heating load in use of energy simulation program. According to increase heating load, we expected that building heating cost would be increased by extend balcony. To consider extend balcony, occupants must be funished with better date between healing cost increasing and floor area increasing.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.29-39
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• 2001

Even though the balcony in apartment is considered as a necessary space rather than a supplementary one nowadays, we still have many problems in balcony. The utilization of balcony space in our daily lives are as follows: Laundry, Storage, Indoor gardening, Exercise, Hobby activities etc. Despite of these various functions of balcony, balconies were designed without taking them into consideration. Therefore balcony spaces are not functional and the lines of flow get more complicated. Until now, the studies of balcony were simply done on the utilizing pattern and the satisfaction degree of residents, not on connections between balcony location and utilizing pattern. Thus, the purpose of this study is to provide improvement guidelines for the utilization of the balcony space in apartment by examining the present conditions and multiple needs.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.61-70
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to give some suggestions for the legal supplement of the regulation on the balcony expansion for the optimal use of apartment balcony. For the purpose, this study focused on the characteristics of spaces expanded to the balcony, in the plans supplied after the legalization of balcony expansion, comparing them by their location; the metropolitan area of Seoul Gyeonggi and the districts of the other areas. The 168 plans of apartments in the supplied by top 10 constructors in the metropolitan areas of Seoul and Gyeonggi, together with the 92 plans in the other smaller districts in 2006 to 2007 were analyzed with the tools of frequency and chi-square analysis. The result is as follows. (1) The region showed no difference in the plans of balcony; whereas the size, the position and access of the shelter explained some differences of balcony plan. (2) In wider plans, balconies were placed in all sides of plan-front, rear and side, and were remodeled to expand facing rooms. (3) The balcony expansion tended to increase the number of bays. (4) In almost cases, the living rooms were expanded to balcony. In smaller plans, the balconies were remodeled to supply supplementary kitchen space, splitting it from laundry. (5) The shelters were placed at the rear or side of plans, but the shelter facing room could be dangerous in case of fire. The balcony expansion, despite of legalization spirit to adopt diverse use of additional spaces for residents' needs, was only a tool for the space expansion. The amendment of the regulation is needed to accommodate these findings that the balconies should be identified by their function, that the front corridor-type balcony should be limited in length and magnitude, and that the shelter should be positioned with easy access.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.61-67
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• 2015

Purpose: The balcony in the apartment is important space not only as a fire escape but also as a buffer for heat and sound insulation. However, with the legalization of balcony expansion for residential apartments in Korea in 2006, many households have eliminated the balcony space altogether to increase the inner space, often without sufficient consideration for the effects on the indoor environment. This study examined the sound insulation performance of exterior-facing windows in enclosed balconies and the changes in the indoor acoustic environment due to expansion to provide a basis for appropriate balcony expansion. The apartments for the field test were chosen where two balcony types can be compared, and the sound insulation performance for the eighteen balcony windows was measured. The windows installed were typical double window with thickness 16 mm or 22 mm. Measurements of the weighted standard sound pressure level difference showed a decrease of about 3 dB in sound insulation performance due to expansion. For common exterior noise levels of 70-85 dB(A), the indoor noise level can exceed 45 dB(A), the limit level regulated in Korea. However, it was found that the sound insulation performance of the window and the quality of the construction have more influence on indoor noise levels than balcony expansion itself.

• Proceedings of the SAREK Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.1406-1411
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• 2008

The percentage of apartment houses in residential buildings has increased every year, and it result in higher energy consumption of residential buildings. After the house law could be amended to legalize the remodeling of the balcony, buyers and contractors prefer to choose the balcony remodeling type when they choose a house for installment sale. Many construction companies design an apartment house considering balcony remodeling. So, this paper compares the balcony remodeling type with the basic type(prior to remodeling balcony) by using the building energy rating system tool. The balcony remodeling type consumes heating energies more than the basic type, and is unable to receive high rating. If the balcony is remodeled, it is required to improve the performance of wall and window and reduce the area of remodeling balcony.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-56
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• 2008

This paper intends to predict characteristic of the balcony space composition in apartment that residents want by analyzing floorplans utilizing balcony that is directly described by housewives in competitions. According to change of age, Modern's lifestyle is variously changed and future housing life may undergo changes continuously. Therefore, development of apartment housing plans is reflected by grasping and collecting space residents desire. Purpose of study is 1) arrangement characteristic of balcony space housewives prefer 2) relations characteristic between balcony and room adjoining balcony 3) characteristic of balcony space composition Through this study, the public space that family use together prefer facing the front side and the kitchen is required to face the front side. Balcony adjoining bedroom is utilized according to user of the bedroom, and independent space like hobby room do not have distinctive relationships with adjacent space. Recent trend that space is reflected in various lifestyle of resident require needs that exercise room for well-being life and other room for various functions. Based upon the study, the results show the basic information and understanding how the plans are supposed to change, particularly to facilitate the usage of the balcony.