• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of performing feedback vs repeative tasks on lower extremity motor function and falls efficacy in chronic hemiplegic patients. Methods : 40 hemiplegic patients took part in this study. The average age of the feedback-task group was 68.45 years and 68.20 in the repeative-task group. All subjects participated in the study for 8 weeks, doing exercises 3 per day per week. All participants were assessed by using the Berg balance scale (BBS), the lower-extremity subscale of the Fugel-Meyer assessment of sensorimotor impairment (FMLE), and the falls efficacy scale (FES). The data were analyzed using a paired t-test. Results : After 8 weeks of exercise training, the results of this study were: the BBS and FMLE of hemiplegic patients showed a feedback-task and repeative-task groups (p<0.05). The FES of hemiplegic patients also showed a significant difference between the quantitative-task and qualitative-task groups (p<0.05). Conclusion : We present findings suggesting that chronic hemiplegic patients could improve their standing balance ability better through a feedback-task exercise program, as opposed to a repeative-task exercise program.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2021

Purpose: This study examined the impacts of action observational physical training related to stair walking on the stair walking ability and self-efficacy of chronic stroke patients. Methods: This study was conducted on 24 chronic stroke patients, who were assigned randomly to an action observational physical training group (12 persons) and a landscape observation physical training group (12 persons). To the action-observational physical training group, five videos related to stair walking were presented, and after observing them, physical training was carried out. The landscape observation physical training group observed the videos consisting of landscape, where there were no humans and animals, and then underwent physical training. This study measured the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius to examine the muscle activity of the lower limb. A timed up and go and step test was performed to examine the balance ability, and a timed stair test was conducted to examine their stair walking ability. A self-efficacy scale was measured to examine the degree of their confidence of performing stair walking. The assessment was conducted three times in total: pre-, post-, and follow-up surveys. Results: As a result of this study, the action observational physical training group significant improvement after the intervention than in the landscape observation physical training group. Moreover, the follow-up study four weeks after the intervention showed significant improvements in the action observational physical training group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results show that the action observational physical training had a positive impact on the stair walking ability and self-efficacy of chronic stroke patients.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.290-300
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• 2023

본 연구는 노인들의 낙상 위험 기전을 이해하고 필라테스 재활 운동 원리가 노인들의 균형 능력과 자세 안정화에 긍정적 효과를 기대할 수 있는지 선행 연구 자료를 고찰하였고, 재활 필라테스 운동의 낙상 예방 효과에 대한 문헌적 기초자료를 제시하는데 연구의 목적이 있다. 이에 다음과 같은 결론을 제시하고자 한다. 첫째, 재활 필라테스 운동은 척추와 골반의 안정화를 위한 신체 중심부의 강화 운동이 가능하고, 신경근을 촉진시켜 균형과 관절 안정화에 효과가 있다. 둘째, 노화에 따른 고유수용기 감각 저하와 근골격계 퇴행 질환은 균형 능력 상실과 자세 유지의 불안정성을 높여 운동 기능 수행의 어려움과 보행 장애로 낙상 손상 위험을 높이게 된다. 셋째, 재활 필라테스 운동은 노인들의 코어 근력 향상으로 균형과 반응시간 운동 기능 향상을 기대할 수 있으며, 낙상 예방에 관여되는 신체 불균형 개선과 움직임 안정성에 긍정적 영향을 미쳐 낙상 위험률 감소에 기여할 가능성을 제시할 수 있다. 결론적으로 재활 필라테스가 노인운동 프로그램으로서 신체의 근력 향상, 균형 감각 향상, 코어의 안정화 효과를 나타내 근골격계 퇴행에 따른 낙상 손상의 위험 요인을 감소시키고, 노인성 만성질환에 따른 심각한 활동 장애를 예방할 수 있음을 고찰하였다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.807-819
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• 1997

The purpose of the study was to identify the effects of a 12-week low-intensity exercise program on muscle strength, flexibility, balance, and cognitive characteristics related to the performance of activity of daily living(ADL). A total of 16 patients who were admitted to the medical unit of a general hospital in ChoongChung province were recruited, eight for the exercise group and eight for the comparison group. Four levels of low-intensity exercise from 'ROM on bed' to 'exercise while walking' were then applied to the exercise group according to their physical condition. During hospitalization, patients in the exercise group performed each level of the prescribed exercise with the researchers until they felt comfortable doing it independently. The researchers also visited the patients' homes after discharge to make sure they could perform the exercise with Theraband in their living environment. The exercise group was contacted by phone once a week to assess the frequency and intensity in which they performed the exercise as well as their physical condition. The subjects in the comparison group participated in measurements for the study without performing the exercise and were contacted by phone after discharge, in a matched time frame with the exercise group, to assess physical condition. Muscle strength, flexibility, balance, cognitive characteristics, and performance of ADL for the two groups were compared at the pretest and the posttest after the low-intensity exercise program by utilizing SPSSWIN and the results are as follows : 1) At the postest, measurements of muscle strengths showed that the strength of the dorsal flexor in the exercise group was significantly higher than in the comparison group. 2) Objective balance for the exercise group was significantly better than for the comparison group as measured by 'standing on one foot' and Tinetti gait and balance control. 3) The exercise group showed significantly higher task self-efficacy than the comparison group. 4) Perceived exertion for ADL for the exercise group was significantly lower than for the comparison group. 5) Improvement of performance of ADL without assistance was significantly higher for the exercise group than the comparison group. The findings suggest that a low-intensity exercise program would be useful for the elderly who show decline in their physical functioning due to hospitalization by partly improving physical strength, task self-efficacy, and performance of ADL. Directions for further research on issues of motivating people to exercise as well as of standardizing various types of exercise were discussed.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.117-126
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• 2019

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of a horse riding simulator, gym ball, and McKenzie exercises on back pain and static balance. METHODS: Among 30 participants with chronic back pain and more than 5 points of ODI, 28 participants were selected. Groups of performing either horse riding, gym ball, or McKenzie were chosen randomly to work out two times a week for six weeks. The static balance was measured using a gym plate and the degree of pain was measured by the VAS and K-ODI. RESULTS: When each exercise was applied to back pain patients, the VAS was changed in all three groups but only in the gym-ball exercise group. The K-ODI varied in all three groups but not in the gym-ball exercise group, In the anterior - posterior static balance, all three groups showed changes, but only the riding exercise group was not significant. In the left-right static balance, all three groups were significant. CONCLUSION: This study showed that six-week exercise for back pain patients was effective in improving back pain and balance ability. Continuous exercise minimizes the risk of recurrence and is effective in preventing and treating back pain.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2019

Objectives Osteoarthritis is hard to manage with both conventional and Korean medicine treatment. The core outcome set (COS) to demonstrate the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment has not been established yet. We aimed to present preliminary data of COS by performing a literature review on the evaluation indices used in existing clinical research. Methods We examined the literature from 2000 to 2017 in two Korean electronic databases (Korea citation index and oriental medicine advanced searching integrated system) by searching for the following 3 terms 'total knee replacement (Korean)', 'total knee replacement,' and 'knee surgery.' We found 333 articles; among them, 50 duplicates were removed. Finally, we selected 160 articles after complete screening. We then extracted measured indices and clinical outcomes from the selected articles and categorized the relevant criteria. Results According to this study, the hospital for special surgery and knee society, range of movement angle, cross leg, Berg balance scale and balance ability, muscle strength, 6 minutes walking test, visual analogue scale, self-efficacy, the 12-item and 36-item short form survey and self-rated health status are the most commonly used outcomes of knee. Conclusions This study found that the several categories after total knee replacement (TKR) are being evaluated in the literature, and we were able to verify the most frequently used evaluation indices in these categories. The results of this study will be used to establish evaluation indices for the treatment of TKR in the future using Korean medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine changes in functional assessment measures (FAMs) and spatiotemporal gait parameters (STGPs) in healthy older adults before and after a 6-week intervention of a proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) training program. Methods: Thirty healthy older adults (mean age: $73.37{\pm}1.21$ age range: 65-79) were randomly assigned either to an experimental group (participating in a 6-week intervention of PNF training) or a control group (only performing daily activities). Participants in the control group did not receive any training program. Performance was assessed by recording changes in the FAMs and STGPs using functional assessment tools and GAITRite. Results: Participants in the PNF group showed significantly improved functional assessment measures and increased stride length, cadence, velocity, and step width (p<0.05). No significant differences in FAMs and STGPs were found in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Participation in a PNF training program improves FAMs and STGPs, thereby increasing the ability of healthy older adults to maintain dynamic balance during functional performance and gait. These findings support the use of PNF training programs as effective fall-prevention programs for the elderly.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.411-418
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• 2014

본 연구는 20대 성인남성을 대상으로 세 운동군이 정적 및 동적 균형능력과 근활성도에 미치는 효과를 규명하기 위하여 수중 운동군, 체간 안정화 운동군, 균형 운동군으로 각각 15명씩 배치하였다. 2013년 6월부터 2013년 9월까지 연구가 진행되었으며, 6주 간 1주일에 3일, 1회 30분 동안 중재 후, 동일 대상자들의 균형능력 및 근활성도(앞정강근, 장딴지근)를 측정하여 비교하였다. 그 결과 집단 내 중재 전과 중재 후의 비교에서 세 운동군 모두 신체중심 이동면적과 총궤적길이의 변화는 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<.05)(p<.01), 동적 균형에서도 안정성 한계의 변화는 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05)(p<.01). 앞정간근의 근활성도의 변화에서 세 운동군의 좌 우측 모두 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었고(p<.05)(p<.01), 장딴지근은 체간 안정화 운동군의 좌측을 제외한 모두 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05)(p<.01). 수중 운동이 균형능력의 향상과 근활성도 증가에 효과적임을 규명하였고, 본 연구결과를 토대로 균형능력이 좋지 않은 노인이나 환자들에게 객관적인 수중 운동 효과를 밝힐 수 있는 연구가 진행되어 구체적인 수중 운동 프로그램 개발을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.191-198
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• 2020

Background: Stroke patients experience multiple dysfunctions that include motor and sensory impairments. Therefore, new intervention methods require a gradational approach depending on functional levels of a stroke patient's activity and should include cognition treatment to allow for a patient's active participation in rehabilitation. Objects: This study investigates the effect of integrated revision of electrical sensory stimulation, which stimulates somatosensory and action observation training, which is synchronized cognition intervention method on stroke patients' functions. Methods: Twenty-one stroke patients were randomized into two groups. The two groups underwent twenty minutes of intervention five times a week for three weeks. This study used an electromyogram to evaluate symmetric muscle activation of lower extremities and muscle onset time when performing sit to stand before and after intervention. A weight-bearing ratio was used to evaluate the weight-bearing of the affected side in a sit to standing. To evaluate sit to stand performance ability, this study performed five timed sit to stand tests. Results: The two groups both showed statistically significant improvement in muscle onset time of lower extremity, static balance ability in a standing position, and sit to stand performance after the intervention (p < 0.05). In addition, the action observation and synchronized electrical sensory stimulation group showed significant improvement in symmetric muscle activation of lower extremities and weight-bearing ratio of the affected side (p < 0.05). Conclusion: action observation and synchronized electrical sensory stimulation (AOT with ESS) can have positive effects on a stroke patient's sit to stand performance, and the intervention method that provides integrated AOT with ESS can be used as new nervous system intervention program.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the angles of the knee and heel-off on the muscle activity during a bridge exercise. METHODS: 15 healthy adult men and women with the balance ability and joint working range required for performing a bridge exercise participated in this study, in which $120^{\circ}$, $90^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ angles of the knee-flexion and heel-off were applied during the bridge exercise. RESULTS: Our data showed that there were significant differences in muscle activities of elector spinae and rectus abdominis when $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ angles of the knee were applied, of internal oblique when $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ were applied, and external oblique when $90^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ were applied. When heel-off was applied, there were significant differences in muscle activities of elector spinae and rectus abdominis when $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ were applied, of internal oblique when $120^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ were applied, and external oblique when $90^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$ were applied. CONCLUSION: In this study on an application of heel-off to the bridge exercise, we showed that the effect of the angles of the knee on the muscle activities of elector spinae, rectus abdominis, internal oblique and external oblique were all similar to the regular bridge exercise, but overall muscle activities were increased with heel-off when compared with the regular bridge exercise.