• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.115-122
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• 2019

Under the Act No. 21 of 2008, Islamic banks in Indonesia as an intermediary institution are obligated to manage the resources simultaneously, the financial funds as well as the social funds, e.g. zakah, infaq, and sadaqah. This study aims to investigate the productivity change of social funds and financial funds of Islamic Banks in Indonesia. Non-parametric tests of Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) is applied to annual data from period 2012 to 2017, encompassing post-reform of banking authority from Bank Indonesia to The Financial Services Authority (OJK) at 2012. The samples are nine Islamic banks in Indonesia which were able to provide the data during observation period. The results indicate that social funds are more productive than financial funds and productivity change tends to trade off. The productivity of social funds is progressed by 8.2% while the financial funds is regressed by 5.4%. Overall, the productivity change of Islamic banks is influenced by technological aspect rather than the efficiency aspect. Besides, BRI Syariah is the best performer in managing financial funds while BCA Syariah as the best performer in social funds. It implies that the policymakers may strengthen the supervisory and coaching to increase the Islamic banks' productivity in both activities.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.44 no.2 s.152
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• pp.83-92
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• 2007

To improve the fire safety of ships, it is required to prepare the systematic design guideline for fire protection and the way of assessing fire characteristics quantitatively. The introduction of simulation technique based on fire engineering is useful to assess fire safety performance quantitatively. Fire simulation tools are currently developing with U.S.A., Europe and Japan as a leader. Most of current fire simulation tools were developed for building or inland structure. Therefore it is required validation process and development of data base to apply maritime environments. In this paper, I/O parameters of simulation tools such as CFAST and BRI2002 of zone model and FDS and KFX of field model analysed, and designed data base considering maritime environment. The fire simulation for the pool fire model of engine room and its adjacent compartments is performed and evaluated the results.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 2018

The interplay of plant hormones is one of the essential mechanisms for plant growth and development. A recent study reported that Brassinosteroids (BR) and ABSCISIC ACID (ABA) interact antagonistically in early seedling developments through the BR-mediated epigenetic repression of ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE 3 (ABI3). However, the other physiological roles of the BR-mediated regulation of ABI3 and ABA responses beyond early seedling developments remain largely unknown. Here, we showed that the activation of BR signaling by high temperatures promotes flowering time through the suppression of ABI3 expressions. Elevated ambient temperature induced early flowering in wild type Col-0 plants, but not in BR-defective bri1-116 mutant plants. Conversely, a hyper BR biosynthetic dwf4-D mutant displayed more sensitive thermomorphic long shoot elongation and early flowering. Both expression patterns and physiological responses supported the biological roles of ABI3 in the regulation of floral transition and reproduction under high temperature conditions. Finally, we confirmed that the lowered expressions of the transcript and protein levels of ABI3 brought on by elevated temperature were correlated with warmth-induced early flowering phenotypes. In conclusion, our data suggest that the BR- and warmth-mediated regulation of ABI3 are important in thermomorphic reproductive phase transitions in plants.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.74.2-74.2
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• 2010

We present a multi-wavelength study of a supercluster in the NEP region at z=0.087, using AKARI (Infrared space telescope) NEP-Wide (5.8 deg2) survey which has obtained an unique IR imaging dataset with contiguous wavelength coverage from 2 to $24{\mu}m$, overcoming the Spitzer limitation of imaging capability at $10-20{\mu}m$. The NEP-Wide survey is also covered in other wavelength such as X-ray, Radio, GALEX UV in the archive, optical (BRI from Maidanak 1.5m and CFHT's MegaPrime), and NIR imaging data (JH from KPNO 2.1m), with nearly 1900 optical spectra, mostly obtained by our group using MMT/Hectospec and WIYN/Hydra. Armed with the multiwavelength datasets, we investigate the connection between IR properties of galaxies and their environments as a tool to understand the evolution of galaxies in a supercluster environment. Specific attention will be given to MIR emission which can trace star formation activities and passive phases right after post-starbursts, and its relation to other wavelength data.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.634-640
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• 2001

Ibuprofen is one of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and has shown antiinflammatory; antipyretic, and analgesic activity in both animals and humans. But it causes gastric mucosal abnormalities including edema, erythema, and submucosal petechial hemorrhages and erosin in human. In addition, based on the pharmaceutical point of view the compression and dissolution ability of ibuprofen is known as poor. Therefore we studied to develop novel formulation containing water-insoluble drug, ibuprofen, using microemulsion consisting of surfactant, oil phase, and water phase was prepared for the purpose of increasing its bioavilability The physicochemical properties such as particle size, dissolution rate, solubility of ibuprofen in the system were determined. After oral administration of ibuprofen containing the microemulsion system, to Sprague-Dawley rats, pharmacokinetic parameters were also obtained. For the formulation in the study, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and several kinds of glycerides and triglycerides were used as an oil phase with several surfactants. Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcuto $l^{ }$) or saturated polyglycolized glycerides (Labrafil $^{ }$)as surfactant was used, the domain of microemulsion was wide. The diameter of o/w microemulsion was ranged from 90 to 220 nm. Microemulsion, prepared with unsatulated polyglycolized glycerides (Labrafil $^{ }$) and the 2 : 1 molar mixture of diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (Transcuto $l^{ }$)/polyoxyethylene(4) lauryl ether (Bri $j^{ }$ 30) , is expected to be promising system that increased the bioavilability of ibuprofen.ibuprofen.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1996

Gram-positive bacteria, Bacillus subtilis BR151 and Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 were transformed with high efficiency by electroporation. The cells were incubated until late log phase, washed three times with 10% glycerol, 1mM HEPES, 12% sucrose and resuspended to $10^{10}{\sim}10^{11}cfu/ml$, then stored at -$70^{\circ}C$. Transformation efficiency of B. subtilis BR151 was $1.03{\times}10^7cfu/{\mu}g$ with cells washed with 10% glycerol and electroporated by 15KV/cm, 0.7msec pulse with pUB110. Transformation efficiency of S. aureus RN4220 was $4{\times}10^6cfu/{\mu}g$ with cells washed with 1mM HEPES + 10% glycerol and electroporated by 15KV/cm, 2.5msec pulse. The number of total transformants was 1000 when B. subtilis BRI51 was transformed with 100ng pUB110 DNA and the number of total transformants was 9000 when S. aureus RN4220 was transformed with 10ng pUB110 DNA

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.12C
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• pp.273-279
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• 2001

This paper describes a design and implementation of ISDN system on a chip which provides ISDN service and used to develop a low-price multimedia communication terminal. This ISDN SOC is an ISDN system control chip which has 32bit RISC processor, and it includes ISDN S interface transceiver, G.711 voice CODEC, PC interface for data communication, ISDN protocol which includes Q.931 call control protocol and internet protocol. It provides good solution to develope ISDN terminal equipment and ISDN terminal adaptor which connected with basic rate interface, because it minimize external peripheral devices.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1267-1274
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of corporate communication and service quality on loyalty mediating satisfaction. The population of this study is 384 Islamic bank customers in North Sumatra. This research is quantitative research using the survey method. The number of research samples was 384 customers. Characteristics of this research sample were (1) Savings customers who actively carried out transactions in Islamic banks (2) Savings customers who had used bank services for at least 1 year (3) Savings customers who used services directly and individually. The data analysis technique used in this study was the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Model (SEM-PLS) analysis technique, using Warp-PLS 3.0 software. This study investigates the largest Islamic banks in North Sumatra, namely Bank Syariah Mandiri, Bank BNI Syariah, and Bank BRI Syariah. The results show that company communication has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, service quality has a positive and significant effect on satisfaction, company communication has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, service quality has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on loyalty. There is also a significant effect of satisfaction on the relationship between company communication and loyalty, and the relationship between service quality and loyalty. This study contributes to Islamic banking to increase customer loyalty.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.75-86
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• 2021

Brand image refers to how customers, stakeholders and the market see and recognize the brand. A positive brand image leads to continuous purchases, but a negative brand image is directly linked to consumers' buying behavior, such as stopping purchases, so from the corporate perspective, it needs to be quickly and accurately identified. Currently, methods of investigating brand images include surveys and SNS surveys, which have limited number of samples and are time-consuming and costly. Therefore, in this study, we are going to conduct an emotional analysis of text data on social media by utilizing the machine learning based KoBERT model, and then suggest how to use it for game corporate brand image analysis and verify its performance. The result has proved some degree of usability showing the same ranking within five brands when compared with the BRI Korea's brand reputation ranking.

• SUVANNABHUMI
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.59-83
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• 2019

The Chinese Belt Road initiatives in the Southeast Asian countries marked a new chapter in the development of China political influence on this region. This article looks at the initiative from the cultural dimension and aims to place its narrative as the entry point to understand the use of identity politics in Asian countries that target the Chinese diaspora. This topic relates to the primordial sentiments of Southeast Asian nations amid massive Chinese investment in the region. The issue of Chinese investments under the Belt Road Initiative corridor has a relationship with the formation of anti-Chinese discourse and anti-communist in some Southeast Asian countries. We took the cases of Indonesian and Malaysian elections to observe the use of identity politics and anti-Chinese political discourse in Southeast Asia. In both cases, a common issue emerged, that of the strengthening both Islamic and indigenous sensibilities. The establishment of ASEAN during the Cold War may be seen then as an anti-thesis to emerging Chinese power. However, anti-Chinese and anti-communism sentiments were not enough to unite the forces of the nations of Southeast Asia. We have concluded that brotherhood, mutual prosperity, and anti-neo-colonialism are yet to be fostered completely to make a distinct ASEAN identity.