• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.1615-1619
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• 2015

Background: Promoter hypermethylation mediated gene silencing of tumor suppressor genes is considered as most frequent mechanism than genetic aberrations such as mutations in the development of cancers. BRD7 is a single bromodomain containing protein that functions as a subunit of SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex to regulate transcription. It also interacts with the well know tumor suppressor protein p53 to trans-activate genes involved in cell cycle arrest. Loss of expression of BRD7 has been observed in breast cancers and nasopharyngeal carcinomas due to promoter hypermethylation. However, the genetic status of BRD7 in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) is not known, although OSCC is one of the most common among all reported cancers in the Indian population. Hence, in the present study we investigated OSCC samples to determine the occurrence of hypermethylation in the promoter region of BRD7 and understand its prevalence. Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA extracted from biopsy tissues of twenty three oral squamous cell carcinomas were digested with methylation sensitive HpaII type2 restriction enzyme that recognizes and cuts unmethylated CCGG motifs. The digested DNA samples were amplified with primers flanking the CCGG motifs in promoter region of BRD7 gene. The PCR amplified products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis along with undigested amplification control. Results: Methylation sensitive enzyme technique identified methylation of BRD7 promoter region seventeen out of twenty three (74%) well differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma samples. Conclusions: The identification of BRD7 promoter hypermethylation in 74% of well differentiated oral squamous cell carcinomas indicates that the methylation dependent silencing of BRD7 gene is a frequent event in carcinogenesis. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to report the occurrence of BRD7and its high prevalence in oral squamous cell carcinomas.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.211-221
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• 2012

Bromadiolone (BRD), a second generation anticoagulant often applied to the living environment to control rodents, is usually considered to have low environmental toxicity due to its poor solubility in water. In this study of the effect of humic acid (HA) on BRD using electronic absorption spectroscopy, it has been observed that BRD is appreciably solubilized even in low concentrations of aqueous HA solutions. The BRD solubilization efficiency of aqueous HA was found to be $2.39{\pm}0.14$ ($4.53{\pm}0.26{\mu}M\;ppm^{-1}$). It was also seen that BRD is reasonably solubilized in aqueous extract of farm soil.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.836-839
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• 2019

A tumor is an abnormal mass of tissue that arises when cells divide more than they should or do not die when they should. The cellular decision regarding whether to undergo division or death is made at the restriction (R)-point. Consistent with this, an increasingly large body of evidence indicates that deregulation of the R-point decision-making machinery accompanies the formation of most tumors. Although the R-point decision is literally a matter of life and death for the cell, and thus critical for the health of the organism, it remains unclear how a cell chooses its own fate. Recent work demonstrated that the R-point constitutes a novel oncogene surveillance mechanism operated by R-point-associated complexes of which RUNX3 and BRD2 are the core factors (Rpa-RX3 complexes). Here, we show that not only RUNX3 and BRD2, but also other members of the RUNX and BRD families (RUNX1, RUNX2, BRD3, and BRD4), are involved in R-point regulation.

• BMB Reports
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• 제50권12호
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• pp.640-646
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• 2017

Regulatory B cells, also well-known as IL-10-producing B cells, play a role in the suppression of inflammatory responses. However, the epigenetic modulation of regulatory B cells is largely unknown. Recent studies showed that the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) protein inhibitor JQ1 controls the expression of various genes involving cell proliferation and cell cycle. However, the role of BET proteins on development of regulatory B cells is not reported. In this study, JQ1 potently suppressed IL-10 expression and secretion in murine splenic and peritoneal B cells. While bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) was associated with $NF-{\kappa}B$ on IL-10 promoter region by LPS stimulation, JQ1 interfered the interaction of BRD4 with $NF-{\kappa}B$ on IL-10 promoter. In summary, BRD4 is essential for toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated IL-10 expression, suggesting JQ1 could be a potential candidate in regulating IL-10-producing regulatory B cells in cancer.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.703-710
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• 2018

Bromodomain-containing protein 2 (BRD2) is a nuclear serine/threonine kinase involved in transcriptional regulation. We investigated the expression and association of the BRD2 gene as a candidate gene for meat quality traits in Berkshire pigs. BRD2 mRNA was expressed at relatively high levels in muscle tissue. Statistical analysis revealed that the c.1709G>C polymorphism of the BRD2 gene was significantly associated with carcass weight, meat color ($a^*$, redness), protein content, cooking loss, water-holding capacity, carcass temperatures 4, 12 and 24 h postmortem, and the 24 h postmortem pH in 384 Berkshire pigs. Therefore, this polymorphism in the porcine BRD2 gene may be used as a candidate genetic marker to improve meat quality traits in pigs.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.59-64
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• 2008

This study was designed to investigate the changes in the properties of the neuronal setm cells or progenitor cells associated with age-related decline in neurogenesis of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). Active whole cells cycle marker Ki67 (a marker of whole cell cycle)-positive and S phase marker bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-positive. Neural stem cells gradually were reduced in the hippocampal subgranular zone (SGZ) in an age-dependant manner after birth (from P1 month to P1 year). The ratio of BrdUpositivecells/Ki67-positive cells was gradually enhanced in an age-dependent manner. The ratio of Ki67-positive cells/accu-mulating BrdU-positive cells at 3 hrs after BrdU injection was injected once a day for consecutive 5 days gradually decreased during ageing. TUNEL- and caspase 3 (apoptotic terminal caspase)-positive cells gradually decreased in the dentate SGZ during ageing and immunohistochemical findings of glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) were not changed during ageing. NeuN, a marker of mature neural cells, and BrdU-double positive cells gradually decreased in an age-dependent manner but differentiating ratio and survival rate of cells were not changed at 4 wks after BrdU injection once a day for consecutive 5 days. The number of BrdU-positive cells migrated from the hippocampal SGZ into granular layer and its migration speed was gradually declined during ageing. These results suggest that the adult neurogenesis in the mouse hippocampal DG gradually decrease through reducing proliferation of neural stem cells accompanying with cells cycle change and reduced cells migration rather than changes of differentiation.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 1993

간흡충에 감염된 담관은 확장되면서 상피세포의 수가 크게 증식하여 점막층이 두꺼워지고 과식증에 의해 점막의 단면이 유두상으로 관찰된다. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)이 세포가 핵산을 복제할 때에 끼어 들어가는 성질을 이용하여, 이 연구에서는 담관 상피세포 중에서 합성기(Sphase)에 있는 세포의 분율을 파악하고자 하였다. 흰쥐에 간흡충의 피낭유충을 100 개씩 경구 감염시키고, 15주까지 간의 각 엽에 있는 담관의 조직절편을 만들어서 다세포군항체와 ABC complex를 이용한 염색을 실시하였다. 그 결과 충제가 들어 있는 담관에서는 감염 1주에 상피 세포의 2.9-10.2%가 염색에 양성이었고, 2주에 7.3-12.8%가, 5주에는 7.3-13.4%가, 15주에 8.4-14.8%가 BrdU를 함유하였다. 대조군 흰쥐나 실험군 동물의 감염되지 않은 담관의 경우에는 0-2.7%가 염색에 양성으로 나타났다. 염색된 상피세포는 주로 점막 상피세포층의 기저부에서 관찰되었다. 이 결과에 의하면 간흡충과 직접 접촉하는 담관의 상피세포가 뚜렷하게 증식하고 있어 충체의 어떠한 물리적인 또는 화학적인 자극이 있더라도 가까운 부위에서 주로 작용하고 있다고 판단하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.161-164
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• 2017

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most important diseases in calves. It causes a huge economic loss in farms. BRD in calves is concentrated during winter because of the cold weather and lack of ventilation. However, BRD during summer in calves has continuously been a problem in farms. But there is no study about pathogens of summer pneumonia in calves and antimicrobial susceptibility in Korea. Therefore, aims of this study were to identify the pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility in calves with summer pneumonia. One hundred and one calves (2 weeks to 5 months after birth) with clinical sign of BRD from 5 farms were selected. After sampling by deep nasal swab, bacterial isolation and identification was conducted. Also, antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed. Pasteurella spp (49.4%), Staphylococcus spp (21.5%), Actinomyces spp (12.9%), E coli (10.7%), and Mannheimia haemolytica (5.3%) were isolated. The patterns of isolated pathogens from each farm were various. Also, the susceptibility of bacteria to antibiotics was showed a variety of patterns in each farm.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.230-234
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• 1997

In vitro effect of cortisol on the proliferation of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC) was examined. The MNC was isolated from peripheral blood by a gradient centrifugation with Picoll-Hypaque. The cell proliferation assayed using a noneradioactive 5-Bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) kit. The MNC proliferated well in response to either phrtobeRagg$]$utinin-p (PHA-P) or culture supernatant from MNC stimulated with PHA-p. However, these proliferative responses of MNC were not affected by addition of coitisol of 1 to 1,OOfl ng/ml. The addition of cortisol in MNC culture with either PHA-P or corture supernatBnt from MNC stimulated with PHA-P far 4 days wag not also influenced on the viabilities of cultured MNC. In conclusions it was able to assay the cell proliferation with BrdU instead of radioactive isotope e.g. tritiated thymidine (3H-TdR). These results suggested that cortisol does not at least influence on MNC proliferation in vitro.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.555-560
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• 2019

중국 지역 4개 지진에서 발생한 2~30초 범위의 레일리파를 이용하여 북한 지역의 1차원 전단파 속도구조를 구하였다. 레일리파는 남북한의 국경선 인근에 위치한 5개의 광대역 관측소(BRD, SNU, CHNB, YKB, KSA)에 양호하게 기록되었다. 다중필터분석를 이용하여 레일리파 기본모드 군속도가 계산되었고 이는 다시 위상부합필터를 적용하여 개선되었다. 2.9~3.2 km/s의 범위에 이르는 평균 분산곡선을 역산하여 전단파 속도를 구하였다. 지진원으로부터 BRD 관측소의 경로에서 추출된 4~6초 주기의 상대적으로 느린 군속도는 서해 서한만분지의 퇴적층군과 연관되었을 가능성이 있다. 14~20km의 상대적으로 깊은 지역 전단파 저속도층은 평남분지와 관련된 것으로 생각되며 낭림육괴와 평남분지에 분포하는 변성암 및 화강암체는 표면부터 14km 깊이의 빠른 전단파 속도와 일치한다.