• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.128-139
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• 1998

연구배경: 특발성 미만성 간질성 패섬유증(IPF) 은 아직 밝혀지지 않은 원인에 의해 폐포염으로 시작해서 점차 섬유화로 진행하는 질병이다. 그동안 BAL 및 분자생물학적 기법으로 여러가지 cytokine 및 성장촉진인자가 분비되어 폐포염과 섬유화가 계속 진행되는 것으로 알려졌으나며 주로 폐포대식세포가 이러한 cytokine들을 분비한다고 생각되었다. 그러나 최근에 이제까지는 cytokine이나 growth factor 등의 작용을 받기만하는 피동적인 세포로 생각되었던 섬유모세포 풍도 직접 여러가지 매개물을 분비한다는 것이 알려지고 있으므로 IPF에서 폐포염을 지속시키고 섬유화를 일으키는 데에 섬유모세포가 중요한 역할을 할 것이라는 추측을 할 수 있다. 또한 IPF환자들에서는 섬유모세포 자체가 정상인의 세포와는 분열속도나 여러가지 조절인자들에 대한 반용이 다르기 때문에 섬유화가 계속 진행될 가능성도 있으나 이에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않고 그 결과도 보고자마다 상이하였다. 이에 연구자들은 IPF환자들의 섬유모세포들이 질적으로 변화하였는지 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 개흉 폐생검검사나 흉곽경을 통한 폐생검의 조직학적 검사로 IPF로 확진된 환자들 13명과 대조군으로는 폐절제술을 받은 폐암환자들 중에서 완전히 정상 폐조직이 포함되어 절제된 환자들 7명을 대상으로 하였다. 개흉 폐생검검사로 얻은 조직에서 섬유모세포를 분리 배양하여 IPF의 섬유모세포주를 만들고 이들 세포의 증식양상을 BrdU 법으로 측정하고 cytokine 의 분비양상을 ELISA법으로 측정하여 정상 폐조직에서 분리한 섬유모세포주와 비교 관찰하였다. 결 과: 1) 섬유모세포주의 증식 양상 : 아무 자극도 없는 기저 상태의 BrdU 섭취율은 환자군에서 높은 경향을 보였으나 ($0.212{\pm}0.107$ vs $0.319{\pm}0.143$) 통계학적인 의미는 없었고 (p=0.0922), PDGF나 10% serum으로 최대 자극을 한 경우에는 양군간에 전혀 차이가 없었다. 증식 억제제인 PGE$_2$를 첨가했을 때에 환자군에서 억제되는 정도가 $33.0{\pm}13.1%$로 대조군보다 ($46.7{\pm}10.0%$) 낮았고 (p=0.0358), dexamethasone의 경우에는 환자군에서 ($28.1{\pm}18.3%$) 약한 경향은 있었으나 대조군과 ($44.7{\pm}22.3%$) 통계적인 유의성은 없었다(p=0.097). 2) 섬유모세포의 cytokine 분비능 : IPF의 섬유모세포는 기저상태 및 TGF-$\beta$로 자극시에 MCP-1의 분비가($1.57{\pm}1.28$ ng/ml, $3.23{\pm}1.31$ ng/ml) 정상 섬유모세포보다 ($0.243{\pm}0.100$ ng/ml, $0.552{\pm}0.236$ ng/ml) 유의하게 높았고 (p=0.014, p=0.0012) IL-8과 IL-6분비도 비슷하게 IPF의 섬유모세포에서 증가를 보였다. 그러나 IL-1$\beta$자극시의 MCP-1, IL-8, IL-6분비는 통계적 유의성은 없었고, 기저상태에서의 TGF-$\beta$자체의 분비도 정상섬유모세포와 IPF사이에 차이가 없었다. 또한 TGF-$\beta$는 섬유모세포에서 MCP-1, IL-8, IL-6 모두의 분비를 증가시켰다. 결 론: IPF환자들에서는 폐섬유모세포 자체가 PGE$_2$ 등의 증식억제제에 대한 반응도 및 cytokine분비 양상이 정상 폐의 섬유모세포와 차이가 있어, 이러한 섬유모세포의 변화가 IPF의 발병기전에 관여될 가능성을 시사하였다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2000

Relationship between monoclonal antibody (MAb) productivity and growth rate, and effects of high cell density on MAb production rate increased with increasing specifis growth rate in both suspended and immobilized continuous cultures indicate a positively growth-associated relationship between MAb productivity and growth rate. moreover, the specific production rate was higher in the immobilized cell culture than that in suspended one at all dilution rates. In order to clarify these phenomana, MAb mPNA experession and cell cycle distribution were investigated in bacth cultures with immobilized cells and suspended cells. RT-PCR was used for observation of MAb mRNA expression and a two-color bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)/propidium iodide (PI) flow cytometry method for determination of cell cycle distribution. The results revealed that MAb nRNA expression until dead phase, which was longer than in suspended cell. The cell cycle distribution patterns were observed almost the same for both immobilized and suspended cells. Such results may imply that a high cell density state has positive influence on the mRNA expression and on growth-associated Mab productivity of T0405 cells.

• 치과방사선
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.183-197
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• 1991

After single fraction of 2, 5, 10 Gy irradiation on submandibular gland of 40 male rats, weighing 150gm, respectively, these animal were sacrificed two hours after 0.1㎎/g bromodeoxyuridine (Sigma) peritoneal injection in 1, 3, 7, 15 hours, 1, 3, 7 days after irradiation. And excised submandibular gland were fixed in Carnoy's and Bouin's solution for 2 hours. Paraffin sections were stained with H&E, and PAS for the observation of the change of salivary gland tissue, and with Feulgen for the study of the DNA distribution, and immunohistochemically stained with anti-bromodeoxyuridine (Sanbyo Co.) for detection of DNA synthetic cells in order to study the distribution of DNA synthetic cells of salivary gland tissue and endothelium after irradiation in 5 different sites of 6 slides on X 200 high power field. The results were as followings. 1. In PAS staining 3 days after 5Gy irradiation, decreased mucine secretion of serous cells were found, and 7 days after l0Gy irradiation, decreased mucine secretion of mucous cells were found. 2. In histopathologic features, degeneration of serous cells were found in 3 days after 2 Gy irradiation and there was little change in mucous cells and excretory duct cells. 3. In Feugen staining, 3 days after 2 Gy, 5 Gy irradiation, more high percentage of DNA synthetic cells were found in intercalated duct cells, striated duct cells and excretory duct cells than in BrdU staining. 4. In immunohistochemical features, DNA synethsis of serous cells and granular convoluted tubular cells abruptly decreased in early period after irradiation and showed no recovery in 7 days after irradiation but there was an increase in DNA synthesis of intercalated duct cells, striated duct cells and excretory duct cells, which have less S-phase cells comparatively, in 7 days after 2 Gy, 5 Gy irradiation. 5. In immunohistochemical features, the DNA synthesis of endothelial cells was continuously decreased after irradiation but showed slight increase in 7 days after 2 Gy and S Gy irradiation.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.95-107
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• 2004

Objective : The inappropriate or excessive apoptosis has been known to be associated with neurodegenerative disorders including intracranial hemorrhage(ICH). Paeoniae radix, in traditional Korean medicine, has played its role as blood­nourisher and yin-astringent. In the present study, the effect of Paeoniae radix on the inhibition of neurodegeneration in the brain of rats after artificial ICH and on the resulting apoptosis was investigated. Methods : 30 rats were divided into 6 equal groups ; the sham-operation group, the hemorrhage-induction group, the hemorrhage-induction with 10, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg Paeoniae radix-treated group, respectively. Stereotactic surgery was performed and collagenase was infused to induce ICH in the region of CA1 of hippocampus of rats. The sham group took only saline infusion. For 7 days after the surgery, 4 testing groups had intraperitoneal injections of Paeoniae radix extract. The step-down inhibitory avoidance task, measurement of neurodegeneration degree in the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and detection of caspase-3 and newly generated cells in the dentate gyrus were done after animal sacrifice. Results : Rats receiving Paeoniae radix extract showed increased latency time in the inhibitory avoidance task. The extension of neuron-deprived areas in the CA1 region was significantly suppressed in the Paeonia treated groups. Also expressions of caspase-3 in the CA1 region and cortex were significantly inhibited in the Paeonia treated groups. The cell proliferation was evaluated by means of BrdU methods and proved to be decreased in the Paeonia treated groups. Conclusion : These results suggest that Paeoniae radix has potential to suppress short-tenn memory loss after devastating neurologic accidents. Also it was proved that Paeoniae radix has a neuroprotective effect and alleviates central nervous complications following intracerebral hemorrhage. Furthermore, it may imply that this medicinal plant can be widely used for vascular dementia and other neurodegenerative disorders.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.279-286
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• 2011

Hypoxic ischemia injury is a common cause of functional brain damage, resulting from a decrease in cerebral blood flow and oxygen supply to the brain. The main problems associated with hypoxic ischemia to the brain are memory impairment and dopamine dysfunction. Hypothermia has been suggested to ameliorate the neurological impairment induced by various brain insults. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypothermia on memory function and dopamine synthesis following hypoxic ischemia to the brain in rats. For this purpose, a step-down avoidance task, a radial eight-arm maze task, and immunohistochemistry for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) were performed. The present results indicated that the hypoxic ischemia-induced disturbance of the animal's performances and spatial working memory was associated with a decrement in TH expression in the substantia nigra and striatum, and an increase in cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Hypothermia treatment improved the animals' performance and spatial working memory by suppressing the decrement in TH expression in the substantia nigra and striatum and the increase in cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus. We suggest that hypothermia can be an efficient therapeutic modality to facilitate recovery following hypoxic ischemia injury to the brain, presumably by modulating the dopaminergic cell loss.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2011

The anti-cancer effects of Angelica keiskei ethanol extract were evaluated in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. The concentrations of extract were 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mg/mL. Dose-dependent reductions in the number of cells with altered cell shape and pyknotic nuclei were observed at 48 h after treatments. MTT assay also exhibited a similar dose-dependent reduction in mitochondrial reductase activity (p<0.05), in particular, with a rapid reduction in the activity of the 5 mg/mL group. Analysis of cell death with propidium iodide (PI) staining revealed only a slight increase in cell death in the 5 mg/mL group. Analysis of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporations also showed a dose-dependent reduction in cell proliferation (p<0.05). Finally, increases in total radical oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cells, as revealed by DCF-DA staining, were observed in the treated groups in a similar dose-dependent fashion (p<0.05). These results indicate that Angelica keiskei ethanol extract exhibiting anti-cancer effects in MDA-MB-231 cells causes multiple changes in cell shape, enzyme activity, and ROS accumulation, thereby inducing cell death.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 1994

Recent evidence indicates that glial cells have a wide range of funtions which are critical for maintaining a balanced homeostatic environment in the central nervous system(CNS) peripheral nervous system(PNS). Morever, astrocytes are known to participate in the tissue repair and neuroimmunologic events within the CNS through many kinds of growth factors and cytokines. We investigated the effect of $TGF\;{\beta}_1$, on the growth and biochemical changes of rat glial cells in culture. The proliferative effect was determined by $^3H-thymidine$ uptake and the double immunostain with anti-cell-specific marker and anti-Bromodeoxyuridine(BrdU) antibody. To check the effect of biochemical changes we compared the amounts of glial fibrillar acidic protein(GFAP) and the activity of glutamine synthetase(GS) in astrocyte. And the amounts of myelin basic protein and the activity of 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide phosphohydrolase(CNPase) were measured in oligodendrocyte and the amounts of peripheral myelin in Schwann cell. When $TGF\;{\beta}_1$, was treated for 2 days with cultured glial cell, $TGF\;{\beta}_1$, decreased the $^3H-thymidine$ uptake and proliferation index of double immunostain of astrocytes, which indicates the inhibition of astroglial DNA synthesis, but stimulated the growth of Schwann cell. Also, $TGF\;{\beta}_1$, decrease the GS activity and increased the amounts of GFAP in astrocyte. In the case of Schwann cells the amounts of peripheral myelin was increased when treated with $TGF\;{\beta}_1$. However, $TGF\;{\beta}_1$, didn't show any effect on the proliferation and biochemical changes in oligodendrocyte. These results suggest that $TGF\;{\beta}_1$, might have a critical action in the regulation of proliferation and biochemical changes in glial cells, especially astrocyte.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.306-316
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• 2009

Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the anti-fibrogenic effect of Curcumae Longae Radix on human hepatic stellate cells. Materials and Methods: Hepatic stellate cells (LX-2) were treated with various concentrations of Curcumae Longae Radix extract for 24, 48, and 72 hours. It was extracted with distilled water. After the treatment, cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle analysis, procollagen levels and the mRNA of the ASMA, TIMPl, TIMP2, MMP2, collagen type la, PDGF-receptor-beta and TGF-beta were measured by using MTT assay, BrdU assay, RT-PCR, and procollagen type 1 C-peptide EIA kit. Results : The viability of HSCs decreased in the 48 hours group, and proliferation of HSCs decreased as the concentration increased. In the cell cycle analysis, Curcumae Longae Radix decreased the ratio of M phase, and increased the ratio of apoptosis, G0/G1 and S phase. In the RT-PCR, the mRNA expression of the collagen type la and ASMA decreased with the Curcumae Longae Radix treatment. The production of procollagen by the HSCs was decreased by the treatment of Curcumae Longae Radix with high dose. Conclusion : These results suggest that Curcumae Longae Radix is helpful in the treatment of liver fibrosis as well as liver cirrhosis.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.863-870
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• 2008

The aim of this study was to investigate that Injinoryung-san-Ga-Samchilgun(IJORS) has an inhibitory effect on the development of liver fibrosis in rats. The influence of IJORS on liver stellate cell viability in rat was measured by the MTT assay, and proliferation was measured by the BrdU assay. The mRNA expression of procollagen type $1{\alpha}2$, ${\alpha}-SMA$, TIMP1, and TIMP2 all of which are associated with liver fibrosis, were analyzed by RT-PCR. The inhibitory effect of IJORS on procollagen production in hepatic stellate cell was examined using by enzyme immuno assay(procollagen Type 1 C-Peptide EIA). And after IJORS was orally administered to experimental rats with thioacetamide(TAA)-induced liver fibrosis for 4 weeks, the body weight, liver function test, complete blood and the change of portal pressure were measured. IJORS prevented hepatic stellate cell viability and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. IJORS reduced the mRNA expression of procollagen type $1{\alpha}2$, ${\alpha}-SMA$ and TIMP1 and the production of procollagen protein. IJORS inhibited the increase of AST, ALT, WBC and portal pressure in rats administered by TAA. IJORS is considered to prevent liver fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of stellate cell and production of procollagen and prevent the progress of liver fibrosis by inhibiting the inflammation of liver tissue complicated in many liver disease.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.13-19
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• 2006

화학설비의 안전성을 향상시키기 위하여 API-581 절차에 따라 국내실정에 맞도록 개발한 한국형 위험기반검사(K-RBI) 프로그램을 화학설비에 적용하였다. 그 결과, 적용 사업장의 자체 안전관리 수준평가(PSM), 적용 대상공정의 위험도, 고정설비와 배관의 위험도, 그리고 설비의 손상메카니즘을 알 수 있었으며, 공정 위험도와 설비상태로부터 설비의 검사주기를 제시할 수 있었다. 따라서 검사주기 연장 등으로 인한 정비비용의 절감효과와 더불어 생산성 향상, 설비 신뢰도 향상, 설비의 유지 보수 및 이력관리의 전산화 등을 실현할 수 있었다.