• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.245-258
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• 2011

최적관리방안 (Best Management Practices)은 토양 침식과 비점오염원으로 인한 수질악화를 개선하는 방안으로 널리 이용된다. 모델을 이용하여 토양침식이나 최적관리관행의 잠재적 효과를 추정하는 것은 해당 지역의 전반적인 조건과 문제점을 식별하고 이에 대한 보전계획을 수립하는데 도움이 된다. 그러나 데이터, 특히 GIS (Geographic Information System) 데이터, 데이터 스케일의 문제, 혹은 모델의 선택 등에서 오는 불확실성은 최적관리방안의 효과를 예측하는데 있어서 정확성과 신뢰성을 떨어뜨리고 있다. 따라서 이 논문에서는 수리모델의 발전과 배경, 데이터의 불확실성, 모델의 선택, 그리고 데이터의 스케일 등을 참고문헌을 통하여 전반적으로 정리하고 살펴봄으로서 불확실성의 전반적인 이해를 돕고자 하였다. 또한 모델을 이용한 최적관리방안의 효과를 예측함에 있어서 소규모(small scale) 모델과 분포형 (spatially distributed) 모텔의 장점에 대해서도 논의하였다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.432-438
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• 2010

LIDMOD2 was developed for evaluation of low impact development (LID) and best management practice (BMP) by modification of Site Evaluation Tool (SET). The modification includes employment of SCS-CN method for annual runoff simulation, unit load method for annual pollutant loads simulation, and the method proposed by Korean TMDL for calculating pollutant reduction by BMPs. The CN values were updated with regionalized parameters within Nack-Dong River basin because these are important parameters for simulating hydrology. LIDMOD2 was tested by applying to Andong Bus terminal. As a simulation results, pollutant loads and surface runoff will be significantly increased by post-development without LID compared with those from pre-development. LID technique was simulated to efficiently reduce surface runoff and pollutant load and increase infiltration. LIDMOD2 is screening level tool and easy to use because LIDMOD2 is based on spread sheet and most of parameters are regionalized. LIDMOD2 was illustrate that it could evaluate LID well by summarizing and graphing annual hydrology, annual pollutant loading, and hydrograph for event storm. The calculation methods related with pollutant loads are employed from the guideline of Korean TMDL and it can be useful tool for Korean TMDL to evaluate the effect of LID/BMP on developing area.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.562-569
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• 2016

Recently, Low Impact Development (LID) is being used in Korea to control urban runoff and nonpoint source pollution. In this study, we evaluated the reduction of surface runoff from a study area, as the effect of connecting three bioretention as LID-BMP. Surface runoff and storage volume of bioretention is estimated by the Curve Number (CN) method. In this study, the storage volume of bioretention is divided by the volume of surface runoff and precipitation which directly enters the bioretention. The ratio of captured surface runoff volume to storage volume is highly influenced by the ratio of drainage area to surface area of bioretention. The high bioretention surface area-to-drainage area ratio captures more surface runoff. The ratio of 1.2 captures 51~54% of the total surface runoff, ranging from 5-30cm of bioretention depth; a ratio of 6.2 captures 81~85%. Three connected bioretentions could therefore captures much more runoff volume, ranging from $35.8{\sim}167.3m^3$, as compared to three disconnected bioretentions at their maximum amount of precipitation with non-effluent from the connecting three bioretentions. Hence, connecting LID-BMPs could improve the removal efficiencies of surface runoff volume and nonpoint source pollution.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.693-699
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• 2015

It has been known that torrential rainfall events have been occurring worldwide due to climate change. The accelerated soil erosion has caused negative impacts on water quality and ecosystem of receiving waterbodies. Since soil security issues have been arising in various areas of the world, intensive interests have been given to topsoil management in Korea. Thus in this study, Web GIS-based computing system of physical, chemical, and biological topsoil quality indices were developed. In this study, five soil quality maps at national scale and top soil erosion potential were prepared for evaluation of soil quality based on soil erosion potential. For this system, the open source Web GIS engine, OpenGeo, was used as core engine of the system. With this system, decision makers or related personnel in areas of soil erosion Best Management Practices (BMPs) would be able to find the most appropriate soil erosion BMPs based on soil erosion potential and soil quality at the area of interest. The Web GIS system would be efficiently used in decision making processes because of ease-of-use interface and scientific data used in this system. This Web GIS system would be efficiently used because this system could provide scientific knowledge to decision makers or stakeholders. Currently various BMP database are being built to be used as a decision support system in topsoil management and topsoil quality areas.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.405-422
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• 2020

Land use change by urbanization has significantly affected the hydrological process including the runoff characteristics. Due to this situation, it has been becoming more complicated to manage non-point source pollutions caused by rainfall. In order to effectively control non-point sources, it is necessary to identify the reduction efficiency of the various management method based on land use characteristics. Thus, the purpose of this study is to analyze the reduction efficiency of non-point source pollution management practices targeting three different watersheds with the different land use characteristics using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). To do this, the vulnerable subwatersheds to non-point source pollution occurrence within each watershed were selected based on the streamflow and water quality simulation results. Then, considering the land use, low impact development (LID) or best management practices (BMPs) were applied to the selected subwatersheds and the efficiency of each management was analyzed. As a result of analysis of the non-point source pollution reduction efficiency, when LID was applied to urban areas, the average reduction efficiencies of SS, NO₃-N, and TP were 5.92%, 4.62%, and 10.35%, respectively. When BMPs were applied to rural areas, the average reduction efficiencies of SS, TN and TP were 35.45%, 4.37%, and 10.16%, respectively. The results of this study can be used as a reference for determining appropriate management methods for non-point source pollution in urban, rural, and complex watersheds.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.29-35
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• 2013

Recently, various Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been applied at a field to reduce soil erosion. Hourly Runoff and Sediment Model for Best Management Practices (HRSM4BMP) model could be used to evaluate soil erosion reduction for various agricultural BMPs at fields. Runoff and sediment yield from source areas have to be predicted with greater accuracies to evaluate sediment reduction efficiently with BMPs. To achieve this, the best parameters related with runoff and sediment modules of the HRSM4BMP model should be identified with proper calibration processes. Although manual calibration is often utilized in calibrating runoff and sediment using the HRSM4BMP, objective calibration method would be recommended. The purpose of the study was to develop an automatic calibration tool of the HRSM4BMP model with PARASOL method. This automatic calibration tool was applied to Bangdongri, Chuncheon-si to evaluate its calibration performance. The $R^2$, NSE and RMSE value for runoff estimation were 0.92, 0.92, $0.3m^3$, and for sediment yield estimation were 0.94, 0.94, 0.0027 kg. As shown in this result, automatic calibration tool of HRSM4BMP model would be used to determine the best parameters and can be used to simulate runoff and sediment yield with acceptable accuracies.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.123-132
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reduction effect of non point source (NPS) pollution in Haean highland agricultural catchment ($62.8km^2$) for 13 BMP scenarios under RCP (Representative Concentration Pathway) 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios. Under the present climate condition, the BMP (best management practices) reduction efficiency of SS (suspended solid), T-N (total nitrogen), and T-P (total phosphorus) showed +25.7%, +4.2%, and +16.1% for VFS (vegetative filter strip), +0.1%, +15.6%, and +5.7% for FC (fertilizer control), and +6.3%, -2.9%, and +3.9% for RSM (rice straw mulching) respectively. In general, effective was the best for SS and T-P reductions, and the FC was the best for T-N reduction. The negative effect of T-N on RSM was induced by increase in infiltration and solute transport to baseflow. Under the future climate change scenarios, the SS, T-N, and T-P reduction efficiency showed the range of +1.9~+11.6%, -1.9~+0.2%, and +5.3~+11.9% respectively. The 3 BMPs (VFS, FC, and RSM) application in the future showed negative and little differences (-0.5~+1.6%) for SS and T-N reduction efficiencies while T-P reduction efficiency showed +0.3~+7.6% comparing with the baseline period. To achieve an increase in the reduction efficiency of future SS and T-N by +2~+10%, the combined application of more than two BMPs is necessary.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.371-381
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• 2014

현재까지 국내에서 수질관리 정책이 점오염원 관리를 우선 시 하고 있다. 비점오염원은 배출특성, 배출지점 및 배출량의 파악에 매우 어려움이 있다. 이러한 비점오염 관리를 위해 다양한 비점오염저감시설들에 대한 개발 및 연구가 진행되고 있다. 비점오염시설의 평가를 위해 다양한 효율산정 방법들이 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 강우 시 식생수로 모니터링 결과를 통해 체류시간이 저감효율에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구를 수행하였다. 또한 여러 가지 저감효율 산정 방법에 따른 차이를 비교하고자 하였다. 식생수로에서 체류시간에 따른 효율 분석 결과 체류시간이 길수록 저감효율도 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 식생수로의 안정적인 저감효율을 확보하기 위해선 충분한 체류시간이 확보 되어야 한다고 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2021년도 학술발표회
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• pp.404-404
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• 2021

기후변화에 따른 물 순환과정의 변화는 유역내 강우패턴 및 강우강도, 유출 특성에 큰 영향을 미친다. 유역내 강우패턴 및 강우강도 등 물 순환과정의 변화는 강우에 의한 유출과 밀접한 관련이 있는 비점오염원에 중대한 영향을 미친다. 특히, 고랭지밭에 밀집되어 있어 강우에 따른 토사로 인한 탁수가 빈번하게 문제가 되고 있는 소양호 유역은 비점오염원관리지역으로 지정되어 탁수를 저감하기 위해 많은 노력을 기울이고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 노력들 중 환경부에서는 개별 경작지마다 BMPs(Best Management Practices)를 적용하여 강우에 의한 탁수를 저감하고자 하였으며, 앞으로도 지속적으로 설치할 계획에 있다. 그러나 이러한 비점오염저감시설을 적용하였을 때의 저감효율은 밭의 면적이나 경사도, 경사장 등 다양한 조건을 고려해야 하는 어려움이 있어, 이에 대한 연구는 매우 제한적으로 이루어져 왔다. 이에 따라, 각 경작지에 적용된 개별 비점오염저감시설이 유역 말단에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구 역시 미비한 실정이다. 그러나 비점오염저감대책 및 계획은 유역 말단을 기준으로 하는 경우가 많고, 유량 및 수질에 대한 모니터링 자료 역시 유역 말단에 위치하기 때문에 개별 비점오염저감시설이 유역 말단에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구는 매우 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유역단위 평가모델 중 하나인 SWAT을 이용하여 각 경작지 별로 실측 경사장 및 경사도, 개별 비점오염저감시설을 적용하였으며, 개별 비점오염저감시설이 유역말단에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.521-527
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 필지 단위 최적관리기법 적용 효과를 분석할 수 있는 HRSM4BMP 모형을 유역단위로 모의할 수 있도록 모형을 개선하는 것이며 이를 실제 유역에 적용하여 평가하는 것이다. 따라서 HRSM4BMP 모형을 유역단위로 모의할 수 있도록 하기 위해 전처리 프로세서와 후처리 프로세서 모듈을 개발하였고 유역단위 유출량 및 유사량 모의에 많이 사용되고 있는 SWAT모형의 하천 하도추적과정과 HRSM4BMP 모형을 연계하였다. 이렇게 개선된 HRSM4BMP 모형을 강원도 양구군 해안면 유역 내 14번 소유역에 2 m의 초생대 최적관리기법 적용에 따른 유역단위 저감효과를 모의하였다. 그 결과, 14번 소유역에서는 약 280 ton (5%)의 유사가 저감되었으며 유역 말단인 43번 소유역에서 초생대 적용 후 약 223 ton (4%)의 저감 효과가 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 향후 우리나라 유역단위 BMPs 설치 장기 계획에 있어 매우 유용하게 사용될 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.