• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.117-126
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• 1997

This Study was carried out to investigate the secondary cental nuclei innervating rat parotid gland. PRV-BaBlu as a neuronal tracer was injected into the left parotid gland and brains obtained through cardiac perfusion were treated by immunohistochemical staining. The results were as follows: L. The secondary central nuclei innervating rat parotid gland were paraventricular nucleus and central part of amygdaloid complex largely in diencephalon. 2. The paraventricular nucleus and central part of amygdaloid complex in diencephalon showed morphological asymmetry between PRV-BaBlu injected site and uninjected one. 3. The Ratio between total neurons and PRV-BaBlu infected neurons in paraventricular nucleus was $27.62{\pm}16.23\%$ in left and $12.78{\pm}8.69\%$ in right. 4. The Ratio between total neurons and PRV-BaBlu infected neurons in central part of amygdaloid nucleus was $14.25{\pm}9.26\%$ in left and $8.35{\pm}6.26\%$ in right.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.81-92
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• 1999

중추신경계의 미주신경동쪽핵(DMV)내 유사핵분열후 신경세포로 외래 유전자를 전달하는 매개체로서 pseudorabies 바이러스(PRV)의 유전자 조작기술은 흰쥐의 결장내로 PRV를 주입시킨 후 복잡한 신경로 추적에 관한 연구에서 하나의 바이러스에 의해 얻어지는 것보다 더욱 유용한 결과산출이 가능하게 하였다. 본 연구에서는 흰쥐의 생체내 실험모델로 하나의 바이러스 또는 이중 바이러스 주입에 PRV의 유전자 조작된 2종 바이러스를 사용하였다. 이 2종의 바이러스는 PRV의 Bartha 종에서 유래되었지만 면역조직화학적으로 검출할 수 있는 동일한 유전산물을 산출할 수 있도록 구성되었다. PRV-BaBlu는 PRV 게놈의 Us 구역 중 gC 자리에 lacZ 유전자를 삽입하여 산출되었는데 $\beta-galactosidase$ 발현은 이 바이러스에 감염된 신경원의 독특한 표시자로 나타났다. PRV-D는 2가지 단계에 의해 조성되었는데 첫째, PRV-Bartha의 Us 구역의 일부 유전자를 제거하고, 야생형인 PRV-Be DNA로 복구시켰는데 이로써 PRV-D는 PRV-Bartha 또는 PRV-Bablu에 존재하고 있지 않는 외피 당단백질인 gE와 gI를 지니게 되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같았다. 첫째, PRV-D의 개별적 접종에 의해 얻어진 감염은 PRV-BaBlu에 의한 동일 신경회로의 감염보다 유의하게 빨랐다. 둘째, 유전자 조작된 PRV의 변이종은 변이종 상호간 및 부모 바이러스와 상이하였다. PRV-D는 PRV-Bartha 또는 PRV-BaBlu보다 감염독성이 더 강했고, PRV-BaBlu는 PRV-Bartha보다 감염독성이 약했다. 셋째, 결장을 지배하는 미주신경동쪽핵내 신경원은 변이종 바이러스들을 동시에 접종하였을 경우 이중감염을 나타내었다.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.14 no.3 s.75
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• pp.282-290
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• 2005

Nowadays, TFT-LCD is widely used as display unit of many digital devices. And, the backlight unit(BLU) is used as a light source of TFT-LCD module. In the backlight unit, the most important component is a light guide, which guides the input light to the TFT-LCD module uniformly. Recently, many researchers have focused on improving the efficiency of BLU by changing the design and structure of a light guide. In the present paper, a series of simulation was performed to find the optimal luminance distribution of emanated light from the given geometry as the first step. From the results of simulations for the light guide with given V-groove pattern, the emanated light from it is mostly affected by the groove angle. In the case of acute angle, about 74 degrees was found as optimal angle to satisfy the restrictions of angular luminance distribution, FWHM, the maximum luminance, etc. However, as far as the average luminance value was concerned, the case of 120 degrees(abtuse angle) was found to be the best while prism films were added to the BLU. As a next step the light guide samples of 74 and 120 degrees were manufactured by DSF method, which was recently proposed by the authors. Of course, most of design parameters were chosen by the aid of simulation results. Finally, the results of average luminance values were compared between the simulation and DSF molded samples.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.113-120
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• 2005

Luminous efficiency and uniformity in a LCD-BLU are mainly determined by fine scattering patterns formed on the light guide panel. We propose a novel fabrication method of 3-dimensional scattered patterns based on anisotropic etching of silicon wafers. Micro-pyramid patterns with 70.5 degree apex-angle and micro-prism patterns with 109.4 degree apex-angle can be self-constructed by the wet, anisotropic etching of (100) and (110) silicon wafers, respectively, and those patterns are easily duplicated by the PDMS replica process. Experimental results on spatial and angular distributions of irradiation from the light guide panel with the micro-pyramid patterns were very consistent with the calculation results. Surface roughness of the silicon-based micro-patterns is free from any artificial defects since the micro-patterns are inherently formed with silicon crystal surfaces. Therefore, we expect that the silicon based micro-patterning process makes it possible to fabricate perfect 3-dimensional micro-structures with crystal surface and apex angles, which may guarantee mass-reproduction of the light guide panels in LCD-BLU.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.241-245
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• 2006

EEFL(External Electrode Fluorescent Lamp) for LCD displays are analyzed on electrical and optical characteristics by various electrode length. The electrodes of EEFL are coated at the outside of the glass tube. Brightness and efficiency of the EEFL are affected on lamp impedance characteristic. So, the experimental models are proposed for analysis and measurements of the brightness and efficiency of the lamps according to the electrode length. The sample of LCD backlight unit is used for these experiments, EEFL arrayed BLU of 32' for commercial TV display. The parameters of the experiments were quantised for simple result reading as the length of electrodes as 15, 23 and 30 mm. The inverter was designed and manufactured in the laboratory as the Full-Bridge switching inverter. The feature of the output were measured on voltages about 1000 - 1400V at the currents of 11 - 29 mA and the brightness $15,000\;cd/m^2-40,000\;cd/m^2$. The experiments have shown that the brightness are increased by increasing of the electrode lengths which have the lamp currents increased. But at an certain conditions, the brightness and efficiency were decreased because of unmatched between the inverter output and lamp impedance. The optimum applications of the EEFL BLU of 32' in this experiments have been shown to choose the parameters for driving frequencies of 100 kHz - 150 kHz, the brightness of $18,000-19,000\;cd/m^2$ and efficiencies of 40 - 45 lm/w.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.290-290
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• 2009

Blu-ray Disk, the next generation optical information storing equipment used Blu-ray is the next generation leading storing equipment that has capacity is about from six times to thirty-five times bigger than the existing CDs, DVDs. Especially, we need elaborate optical pick-Up equipment to record and recognize detailed date. Moreover, Blu-ray disk has so narrow track-pitch so it is used high NA(Numerical Aperture) aspheric glass objective lens. In this research, we processed optical pick-up aspheric glass objective lens molding press core by parallel grinding method with ultra precision machining and mold core surface measured form accuracy(PV), surface roughness(Ra).

• Design & Manufacturing
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• v.2 no.6
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

Recently, many researches have been done to improve optical performance of LCD-BLU(Back Light Unit). One of the most important parts in LCD-BLU is LGP(Light Guiding Plate). Micro-patterned LGP is known to have different optical characteristics depending on their shape, pattern density and size, etc. In the present study, a micro-optical patterned LGP mold was fabricated using LiGA process. The difference in the optical characteristics between positive and negative patterned LGP's was investigated by fixing the density, location and size of each pattern. It was found that the negative patterned LGP showed better optical characteristics than positive one.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1308-1312
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• 2011

CCFL(Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp)for BLU of LCD and special lighting has been widely utilized. The removal of oxide film formed on electrode of CCFL in manufacturing process is required. In this pape Plasma treatment was carried out to remove the oxide film. To ensure the optimum process, the analysis of sheet resistance, XRD, AFM and solder test was conducted. A minimum sheet resistance and the maximum percentage of the solder coverage ratio were measured in optimal process conditions such as plasma power consumption 600W and processing time of 70 seconds. As the plasma treatment is confirmed to be due to removal of copper oxide, this process is expected to be used as a treatment of electrode for CCFL.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.13B no.4 s.107
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• pp.377-382
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• 2006

In this paper, two methods based on the use of morphology and pattern matching prior to detect classified defects automatically on the back light unit which is a part of display equipments are proposed. One is the template check method which detects small size defects by using closing and opening method, and the other is the block matching method which detects big size defects by comparing with four regions of uniform blocks. The TC algorithm also can detect defects on the non-uniform pattern of BLU by using revised Otsu method. The proposed method has been implemented on the automatic defect detection system we developed and has been tested image data of BLU captured by the system.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.189-192
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• 2011

A flexible back-light unit (FBLU) is fabricated by embedding plasma discharge clusters in a flexible polymer matrix. The brightness uniformity of an FBLU was measured for various combinations of optical sheets and compared with the simulated results for various bending angles. A gap between light sources causes distinctive integrated brightness curves which have two inflection points depending on bending angle. The brightness distribution of a simulated BLU was in good agreement with that of an actual plasma BLU except for a dark area that appeared at the center of the simulated BLU. The real and simulated BLUs both clearly showed an angle dependency caused by mirror images located between point light sources. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that these mirror-like images could be a major factor in determining the characteristics of FBLUs.