• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1994년도 춘계학술대회 and 제3회 신약개발 연구발표회
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• pp.242-242
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• 1994

Cortex mori (Morus alba L.), the root bark of mulberry tree, has been used as an antiphlogistic, diuretic, and expectorant in herbal medicine. The purpose of this study was to determine whether Cortex mori could inhibit the ovalbumin (OA) -induced late asthmatic reaction in guinea pigs. Guinea pigs were sensitized by two exposures to an aerosol of OA(1.0%) and then challenged with aerosolized antigen(2.0%), The animals were pretreated by three inhalations of the aerosoled Cortex mori either before antigen sensitization or cahllenge. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and peripheral blood were collected at 17 hours after OA challenge. The cell populations in BALF and peripheral blood were examined to determine the changes of the relative proportions of eosinophils,neutrophils and mononuclear cells etc. Beta-glucuronidase activity in BALF was measured to evaluate the alveolar macrophage activation. OA-induced histamine release from guinea pig peritoneal fluid cells was measured by radioisotope enzymatic asssay. Results were as follows. The number of eosinophils, neutriphils and lymphocytes recovered in BALF were significantly increased in the 17h following aerosol challenge with OA. Among them, eosinophil and neutriphils were decreased remarkably in group that had been preinhalated with Cortex mori. The number of lymphocytes in BALF were not decreased in group pretreated with CM before sensitization but decreased in Group pretreated with CM before challenge. After OA challenge, the number of eosinophils in peripheral blood were markedly increased, but Cortex mori inhibited significantly the OA-induced eosinophilia. Beta-glucuronidase activity in the supernatants of BALF were significantly increased in the 17h following aerosol challenge with OA, however, pretreatment of Cortex mori had no influence on Beta-glucuronidase activity, suggesting that Cortex mori had no inhibitory effect on OA-induced alveolar macrophage activation. Cortex mori inhibited the OA-induced histamine release from guinea pig peritoneal fluid cells. From the above results, it is suggested that Cortex mori contains some substances with an activity to inhibit the the OA-induced late phase reaction of the bronchial asthma in guinea pigs.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2001

BACKGROUND : Changiga is a hetnal medicine which has been used of the traditional therapeutic agent of asthma. So I examine the effect of Changija on immune Cell&serum OA-specific IgE in BALF in rat asthma model. MATERIAL and METHODS : Rats were sensitized with OA; at day 1 sensitized group and Changiga(CIG) groups were systemically immunized by subcutaneous ingection of 1mg OA and 300mg of Al(OH)3 in a total volume of 2ml. At the same time, 1ml of 0.9% saline containing $6{\times}109$ B. pertussis bacilli was injected by i.p. 14 days, after the systemic immunization, rats received local immunization by inhaling 0.9% saline aerocol containing 2%(wt/vol) OA, A day after local immunization, BAL fluid was collected from the rats. A day after local immunization, rats were orally administered with Changiga extract 14 days, Lymphocyte, CD4+ T-cell CD8+ T-cell counts, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF, change of serum OA-specific IgE level in the peripheral blood were measured and evaluated. RESULT : Changiga showed a suppressive effect on a rat asthme model. Changiga decreased lymphocyte, CD4+ T-cell, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in BALF, serum OA-specific IgE level as compared with the control group, whereas Changiga decreased CD8+ T-cell in BALF with statistical nonsignificance as compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: This study shows that Changiga have a suppressive effect on rat allergic athma model. Changiga would be useful allergic asthma treatment agent.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.140-155
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• 2002

Background: SBP(桑白皮)is an herbal medicine which has been used in oriental medicine as a traditional therapeutic agent of bronchial asthma. Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effect of SBP on the anti-hypersensitivity and immune response in the murine of type I hypersensitivity induced by the experiment. Materials and Methods: Laboratory rats were primary sensitized with OA(ovalbumin); on day 1, rats of a Control group and Sample group (SBP group) were systemically immunized by subcutaneous injection of 1 mg OA and 300mg of Al(OH)3 in a total volume of 2ml saline. The rats of the sample group were orally administered with an SBP water extract for 14 days after primary immunization. On day 14 after the systemic immunization, rats received local immunization by inhaling 0.9% saline aerosol containing 2%(wt/vol) OA. A day after local immunization, BAL fluid and serum were collected from the rats. Total cell, lymphocyte, CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the BALF, and IgE level in serum were measured and evaluated. Results: SBP showed a suppressive effect on the immune response in the rats. 1. Total cells in the BALF decreased in the SBP treated group in comparision to the control group, but statistic differences were not observed. 2. Total lymphocytes in the BALF were statistically decreased in SBP treated group in comparision to the control group. 3. CD4+ T cells in the BALF were statistically decreased in SBP treated group in comparision to the control group. 4. CD8+ T cells in the BALF were not statistically different in SBP treated group and the control group. 5. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in the BALF was statistically decreased in SBP treated group in comparision to the control group. 6. The IgE level in serum decreased in the SBP treated group in comparision to the control group, but statistic differences were not observed.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.215-228
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• 1999

배 경: 유육종증은 원인 모르게 비건락성 상피성 육아종이 전신에 발생하는 질환으로서 그 경과가 매우 다양하여 많은 환자들은 자연적으로 치유되기도 하나 일부 환자들은 계속 진행하여 호흡부전으로 사망하기도 하며 이러한 다른 결과가 초래되는 기전이나, 그 결과를 예측하는 지표는 아직 알려진 것이 없다. 유육종증은 병변내에서는 CD4+ T 임파구가 수적으로 증가할 뿐 아니라 그 작용이 과다하게 증가하며 이러한 병변내에서의 CD4+ T 임파구의 과다한 작용은 정확한 원인은 아직도 모르지만 이들이 oligoclonality를 가진 것으로 미루어 어떤 항원의 지속적인 자극에 기인할 것으로 추측하고 있다. 근래에 CD4+ T 임파구가 주로 IL-2 및 IFN-$\gamma$을 분비하고 지연성 과민 반응에 기여하는 Th1 세포와 IL-4, IL-5, IL-10을 분비하여 알레르기 반응에 관여하는 Th2 세포의 두 종류가 있다는 것이 밝혀졌고, 유육종증 병변 내 CD4+ T 임파구는 IL-2 및 IFN-$\gamma$를 분비하는 Th1 세포가 주인것으로 생각되고 있다. 또한 최근 미분화 T 세포들을 Th1 세포쪽으로 분화를 유도하는 데에 IL-12가 중요한 역할을 한다는 것이 알려졌으며, Mmoller등은 폐유유종증 환자에서 기관지폐포세척액(Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid : BALF) 내 IL-12가 증가한 것을 관찰하였다. 그러므로 폐유육종증의 병변의 계속적인 진행, 또는 자연치유 여부의 결정에 IL-12가 관여할 것을 추측할 수 있다. 이에 저자들은 IL-12가 유육종증의 활동성 지표로 사용될 수 있는지를 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대 상: 조직학적으로 확진된 폐유육종증 환자 26명(남자: 10명, 여자: 16명, 연령: $38.7{\pm}10.6$세)과 정상 대조군 11명을 대상으로 진단 시 얻은 BALF 내 IL-12양과 BALF내 폐포대식세포 (Alveolar macrophage : AM)를 24 시간 배양 시 배양액 내로 분비되는 IL-12양을 ELISA 방법으로 측정 비교하였다. 폐유육종증 환자들중 12명이 임상적으로 비활동성이었고, 14명은 활동성이었다. 결 과: 폐유육종증 환자들의 BALF내 총세포수, AM 총수, 임파구백분율 및 총수, CD4/CD8 비가 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가하였으나, 활동성 및 비활동성 환자군 사이에 유의한 차이는 없었다. BALF내 IL-12 농도는 폐유육종종 환자에서 $49.3{\pm}9.2$ pg/ml로 정상대조군의 $2.5{\pm}0.4$ pg/ml 보다 유의하게 (p<0.001) 높았고, 활동성 유육종증에서는 $70.3{\pm}14.8$ pg/ml로 비활동성 환자들의 $24.8{\pm}3.1$ pg/ml 보다 유의하게 높았다(p=0.001). BALF내의 IL-12 농도는 BALF내 AM백분율 (p<0.001), 임파구 백분율 (p<0.001) 및 임파구 총수 (p<0.001)와도 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 또한 BALF내의 IL-12 농도는 최근에 유육종증의 활동성의 지표로 알려지고 있는 혈청 및 BALF내 sICAM-1 농도(각각 p<0.001, p=0.001), AM의 ICAM-1 발현도와도 (p<0.001) 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. AM에서의 IL-12분비량은 폐유육종증 환자들에서 $206.2{\pm}61.9$ pg/ml로 정상대조군의 $68.3{\pm}43.7$ pg/ml 보다 높았으며 (p<0.008), 활동성 및 비활동성 환자군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론: 이상의 결과로 BALF 내 IL-12 농도는 폐내 염증 세포의 침윤 정도를 반영하며, 유육종증의 활성도를 예측하는 지표로서 유용할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2005

Objective : This study was performed to investigate the effect of oral administration of Oldenlandiae Diffusae Herba (ODH) on eosinophil, immunoglobulin-E and interleukin-4 in the experimental asthma induced by ovalbumin. Methods : Asthma was induced to Balb/c mouse by i.p. injection and aerosol immunization with ovalbumin. It was observed the change of the eosinophil number in the BALF. And, it was observed the change of the concentrations of IL-4 in BALF and splenocyte, IgE in serum by ELISA. Results : 1. The number of eosinophil in BALF was significantly decreased in ODH group copared with control group. 2. Concentration of IL-4 in serum, BALF and splenocyte was significantly decreased in ODH group compared with control group, respectively. 3. Level of IgE in serum was significantly decreased in ODH group compared with control group. Conclusion : We found that the effect of ODH extract in asthma was implicated in reductions of IL-4 released from Th2 cell, and decreases of IgE from plasma cell. These findings suggest that ODH extract can produce anti-asthmatic effect, which may playa role in allergen-induced asthma therapy.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2010

Objectives : This study was designed to investigate therapeutic effects fo NR on allergic asthma in terms of measurement of cytokine profiles, distribution of BAL and expression levels of asthma induced by OVA. Methods : C57BL/6 mouse was divided into normal, NRI, control, and NRII, and Notopterygii Rhizoma Extract was orally administered to the C57BL/6 mice in the normal group and the normal mouse in NRI group while it was orally administered to the control group after inducing asthma by OVA and NRII. The study measured them by means of ELISA after dividing BALF of each group, and analyzed RT-PCR by using lung tissues. Results : In our results, lung weight and the number of total cells in the lung and of Leukocyte and Eosinophils in BALF were significantly decreased. In addition, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IgE in BALF were significantly decreased compared to the control group. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that NR Extract be a desirable altemative therapy for allergic asthma by inhibiting the expressin of immune cells, the activation of inflammatory mediator.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2005

Objective : This study was performed to investigate the effects of OWT on allergic bronchial asthma. Methods : The mice were divided into 4 groups induced the allergic bronchial asthma : Three groups(OWT-1, OWT-2, OWT-3) treated OWT and non-treated group(Control). Three oral administration of the herbal solution of OWT were carried out 1 lime a day for 2 weeks before antigen sensitization. 2 days later, the mice were sensitized with a subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin(OA) and then 13 days later they were provoked with OA aerosols. Then the cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), serum level of IgE, WBC, RBC and HCB were measured. Results : 1. On the neutrophil in BALF, OWT-1 group is significantly increased compared with the control group. 2. On the eosinophil in BALF, OWT-1 group tends to decrease compared with the control group but insignificant. 3. On the lymphocyte in BALF, OWT-2 group is significantly decreased compared with the control group. 4. On the macrophage in BALF, OWT-2 group is significantly increased compared with the control group. 5. On the serum IgE, groups OWT-1, OWT-2 and OWT-3 are significantly decreased compared with the control group. 6. On WBC in blood, OWT-1 group is significantly decreased compared with the control group. Conclusions : Based on the above results, it is assumed that the oral administration of OWT can help the treatment of allergic bronchial asthma.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.94-103
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• 2005

Objective: This study was performed to investigate the effects of YTT on allergic bronchial asthma. Methods: The mice were divided into 4 groups induced the allergic bronchial asthma : Three groups(YTT-1, YTT-2, YTT-3) treated YTT and non-treated group(Control). Three oral administration of the herbal solution of YTT were carried out 1 time a day for 2 weeks before antigen sensitization. 2 days later, the mice were sensitized with a subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin(OA) and then 13 days later they were provoked with OA aerosols. Then the cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF), serum level of IgE, WBC, RBC and HGB were measured. Results: 1. On the neutrophil in BALF, groups of YTT-2 and YTT-3 are significantly increased compared with the control group. 2. On the eosinophil in BALF, groups of YTT-1 and YTT-3 are significantly decreased compared with the control group. 3. On the lymphocyte in BALF, YTT-3 group is significantly increased compared with the control group. 4. On the macrophage in BALF, groups of YTT-1 and YTT-3 groups tend to increase. 5. On the serum IgE, groups YTT-1, YTT-2 and YTT-3 are significantly decreased compared with the control group. 6. On WBC in blood, groups of YTT-2, YTT-3 are significant1y decreased compared with the control group. Conclusions: Based on the above results, it is assumed that the oral administration of YTT can help the treatment of allergic bronchial asthma.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.1243-1250
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• 2005

This study was performed to investigate the effect of oral administration of deer horn against the asthma. Deer horn improves body metabolism and strengthens overall health, especially in elderly persons and young children. Additionally, it stimulates sexual function in females and can stimulate wound healing. Asthma was induced to Balblc mouse by i.p. injection and aerosol immunization with ovalbumin. It was observed the change of the eosinophil number in the BALF. Concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 in BALF and splenocyte were assessed by ELISA, IgG and IgE from serum were calculated by same method. The number of eosinophil in BALF was not significantly changed in deer horn group compared with control group. Concentration of IL-4 in BALF was significantly decreased in deer horn group compared with control group. Levels of IL-5 from BALF and splenocyte were significantly decreased in deer horn group compared with control group, respectively. Concentrations of IgE and IgG in serum were significantly decreased in deer horn group compared with control group, separately. We found that the effect of deer horn extract in asthma was implicated in reductions of IL-4, IL-5 released from Th2 cell, and decreases of IgG, IgE from plasma cell. These findings suggest that deer horn extract can produce anti-asthmatic effect, which may play a role in allergen-induced asthma therapy.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.716-721
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• 2005

This experiment was designed to investigate the effect of Farfarae Flos(FF) on immune cells and cytokines in murine asthma model. C57BL/6 mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA(ovalbumin) for 9 weeks(3 times a week). The experimental group was treated with Farfarae Flos extract(FF) for the later 6 weeks(5 times a week). We measured IL-4, 1L-5, 1L-13, IgE, IFN-${\gamma}$ in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of ovalbumin induced asthmatic mouse and observed murine lung tissue. The results were obtained as follows: Total leukocytes and eosinophils in BALF of the mice group treated with FF decreased significantly compared with those of control group. The concentration of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IgE in BALF of the mice group treated with FF decreased significantly compared with those of control group. The concentration of IFN-${\gamma}$ in BALF of the mice group treated with FF increased significantly compared with that of control group. According to the above results, it is suggested that FF extract might be useful applied for prevention and treatment of allergic asthma.