• 한국의류학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.199-209
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• 1991

In this paper, the fabrics for Korean folk clothes(KFC) undergoes repeated laundering under given condition. After this cyclic laundering was applied, the mechanical properties of the specimen were measured using KES-F system in order to evaluated the end-use performance of fabrics for KFC. And also, the crease recovery of fabrics for KFC were measured by shirley crease recovery tester. 78 different kinds of commercial silk fabrics and polyester fabrics for KFC were used for this study. The experimental results were analysed statistically to relate the mechanical properties and the crease recovery of fabrics for KFC. Furthermore, these changes in dimensional stability, mechanical properties and handle of fabrics for KFC were discussed in comparison with those values for silk fabrics and polyester fabrics. The results obtained are as follows. 1. Regardless of materials, remarkable increase are observed in shrinkage of the fabrics for KFC about repeated laundering, but dull increase are observed in shrinkage after 10 cycles of the repeated laundering. On the other hand, slack extend are observed in dimensions after 20 cycles of the repeated laundering. The shrinkage of fabrics for KFC after 10 cycles of the lundering showed that the silk fabrics are $1.74{\pm}0.33\%$ (warp direction) and $1.35{\pm}0.23\%$ (weft direction) and the polyester fabrics are $1.45{\pm}0.22\%$ (warp direction) and $1.25{\pm}0.23\%$ (weft direction). 2. Except for tensile property, these changes in mechanical properties of fabrics for KFC by laundering have $\pm$ 16 range of bending, shearing, compression, surface, thickness & weight as compared with before laundering. Particularly, the LT and RT about $1\~3$ cycles of the repeated laundering showed remarkable decrease. And SMD, WC, T & W of fabrics for KFC by the laundering were more increased than one for original fabrics. But B, 2HB, G, 2HG, 2HGS were decreased more than one for original fabrics. 3. 'Stiffness', 'Anti-drape', 'Crispness' and 'Scroop' hand values decrease and'Fullness & softness', 'Flexibility & softness' hand values increase with repeated laundering. 4. Remarkable decrease are observed in crease recoveries about $1\~5$ cycles of the repeated lundering, but slack decrease are observed in crease recoveries after 5 cycles of repeated laundering. The crease recovery of fabrics for KFC have negative(-) correlation with LT, RT, G, RC and MMD, This fact implies that the smaller these values, the larger the crease recovery. The crease recovery of fabrics for KFC has a high degree of correlation with the mechanical properties such as shearing, compression, surface property. And also, the crease recovery are expected by measuring the mechanical properties such as G, 2HG, 2HGS, RC, WC, LC, MIU, MMD and SMD, according to the obtained regression equation.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.661-671
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• 2006

Steers (n = 335) of known genetic backgrounds from four fundamentally different growth types were subjected to two production systems to study the main effects and possible interactive effects on carcass composition. Growth types were animals with genetic potential for large mature weight (LL), intermediate mature weight-late maturing (IL), intermediate mature weight-early maturing (IE), and small mature weight-early maturing (SE). Each year, in a nine year study, calves of each growth type were weaned and five steers of each growth type were developed on pasture or feedlot and harvested at approximately 20 and 14 mo of age, respectively. Data recorded were chilled carcass weight and percentages of forequarter, foreshank, chuck, rib, plate, brisket, hindquarter, round, rump, shortloin, sirloin, flank, lean, fat, bone, and retail cuts. The growth $type{\times}production$ system interaction was an important source of variation in chilled carcass weight (p = 0.0395) and percentage retail cuts (p = 0.001), lean (p = 0.001), fat (p = 0.001), rump (p = 0.0454), shortloin (p = 0.0487), and flank (p = 0.001). The ranking of the growth $type{\times}production$ system means for percentage lean was LL-pasture>IL-pasture = IE-pasture = SE-pasture>LL-feedlot, IL-feedlot>IE-feedlot = SE-feedlot. The growth $type{\times}production$ system interaction was non-significant (p>0.05) for forequarter, foreshank, chuck, rib, plate, brisket, hindquarter, round and bone. Growth types of IE and SE yielded greater (p<0.05) mean forequarter than did growth types of IL and LL ($51.6{\pm}0.3$ and $51.5{\pm}0.3$ vs. $51.1{\pm}0.3$ and $50.8{\pm}0.3%$). Mean bone was highest (p<0.05) for the LL growth type and lowest (p<0.05) for the SE growth type ($19.5{\pm}0.5$ vs. $16.8{\pm}0.5%$). Mean bone was greater (p<0.05) for the pastured steers than for the feedlot steers ($21.8{\pm}0.8$ vs. $14.5{\pm}0.6%$). These data indicate that growth type responded differently in the two production systems and that these results should be helpful in the match of genetics to production resources.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.390-399
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• 2014

본 연구는 절엽의 보존엽 가공기술을 개발하기 위해서 화훼장식용으로 많이 사용하는 유칼립투스(Eucalyptus cinerea F. Mull. ex Benth.)의 보존엽 제작을 위한 보존염료 처리시 온도, 증기압차(VPD), 광주기 등 환경조건과 침지처리기간이 엽색에 미치는 영향을 구명하고자 수행되었다. 균일한 성숙도의 잎을 가진 유칼립투스 절엽(줄기 포함)을 20cm로 절취한 후 온도(10, 20, 30, $40^{\circ}C$), VPD(0.23, 0.70, 1.16, and 1.61kPa), 광주기(0, 6, 12, 24 h)가 다른 생장상에서 보존염료에 3, 6, 9, 12일간 줄기 하단부를 침지하여 흡수시켰고, 이후 $20^{\circ}C$의 실험실에서 3일간 건조시켰다. 그 결과, 보존염료 처리 시 온도가 낮을수록 신선엽과 비교하여 엽색의 차이가 줄어들어 ${\Delta}E$값이 감소하였다. 특히 고온구에서 갈변현상에 의해 적색도(a)의 증가와 황색도(b)의 감소가 나타났다. VPD는 낮을수록 대조구와의 엽색 차이가 적어 ${\Delta}E$값이 감소하였다. 광주기는 짧을수록 엽색의 변화가 적어 ${\Delta}E$값이 감소하였다. 또한 환경조건에 관계없이 흡수기간이 길어질수록 엽색의 변화가 커져 ${\Delta}E$값이 증가하였다. 보존염료 흡수 후 건조 3일째 줄기와 잎의 유연성은 온도, VPD 및 침지기간이 감소할수록 증가하였다. 따라서, 보존염료 흡수 시 $10-20^{\circ}C$의 암 상태에서 0.23-0.70kPa VPD가 최적 환경조건이라 판단되며, 보존염료 처리기간은 보존엽의 품질 및 경제성 면에서 3일이 적당하다고 판단되었다. 이들 환경조건의 공통점은 증산에 의한 수분 손실 속도를 줄인다는 것으로, 이 범위를 많이 벗어나면 급격한 수분 손실에 의해 황변이나 갈변으로 품질이 떨어지게 된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.778-790
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• 2013

본 연구는 노인요양시설 노인에게 직접 돌봄을 제공하는 요양보호사가 시설노인의 낙상을 예방하고 낙상으로 인한 상해를 최소화하기 위해 노인요양시설의 요양보호사를 위한 낙상예방프로그램을 개발하였으며 낙상예방교육프로그램이 요양보호사의 낙상관련 지식, 낙상관련 부담감 및 낙상예방 돌봄행위에 미치는 효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 본 연구의 낙상예방교육프로그램은 4주 프로그램으로 주 1회 80분씩 총 4회 실시하였다. 프로그램 효과를 검증하기 위해 2012년 7월 16일부터 8월 31일까지 C지역의 A장기요양시설 요양보호사 실험군 24명, B장기요양시설 요양보호사 대조군 23명, 총 47명을 대상으로 프로그램 적용 전 후 사전 사후 조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/Win 19.0 프로그램을 이용하여 실수와 백분율, 평균과 표준편차, ${\chi}^2$-test와 Fisher's exact probability test, independent t-test, ANCOVA로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 낙상예방교육프로그램을 받은 노인요양시설의 요양보호사는 교육을 받지 않은 요양보호사에 비해 낙상 예방교육프로그램 적용 후 낙상관련 부담감이 감소하였으며, 낙상관련 지식과 낙상예방 돌봄행위가 증가하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 낙상예방교육프로그램은 노인요양시설 요양보호사의 낙상관련 지식과 낙상예방 돌봄행위를 증진하고 낙상관련 부담감을 완화하는 적절한 프로그램으로 노인노인요양시설 노인의 낙상예방을 위한 요양보호사의 교육자료로서 활용 가치가 있다 하겠다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2006

A 2,656 bp fragment of chicken ghrelin gene was cloned and SNPs were detected by PCR-RFLP and Allele Specific PCR (ASP) in 12 Chinese indigenous chicken breeds and a commercial chicken population. The results showed that there were 23 base variations and an amino acid change ($Gln{\rightarrow}Arg$) in cloned chicken ghrelin gene. Three SNPs were confirmed in 13 populations and associations between this gene and growth traits of Tibetan chicken (TC) and Recessive White chicken (RW) were investigated. The results of haplotype analysis revealed that 26 haplotype genotypes were composed of eight haplotypes. The results of $x^2$ tests indicated that there were significant differences between genotypes or haplotype genotype frequencies in some of the breeds or sexes at 0.05 or 0.01 levels. The results of ANOVA revealed that there were significant differences between genotypes or haplotype genotypes on some growth traits of TC and RW chicken breeds at 0.05 or 0.01 levels. Multiple comparisons showed that there were significant associations between genotype CT at site 71 and some growth traits of two chicken breeds and between genotype AG at site 1,215 and body weight at 16 wk of two chicken breeds, and there was a significant association between haplotype genotype CAA/CAG and body weight and shank girth at 16 wk of two chicken breeds.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2013

시판 경옥고 제품의 품질 특성과 항염증 활성에 대한 특성을 비교 분석하였다. 총 10종에 대한 일반성분을 분석한 결과, 수분(18.62~49.78%), 탄수화물(47.95~77.08%), 단백질(0.89~3.58%), 지질(0.16~1.14%) 및 회분(0.20~1.21%)이었고, 진세노사이드는 홍삼특유 사포닌인 Rg3, Rh1, Rh2 및 F1 등의 사포닌이 검출되어 총사포닌 함량은 0.24~0.76 mg/g이었으며, 생지황의 지표물질인 catalpol의 함량은 0.12~1.10 mg/g이었다. 유리당 조성 및 함량은 glucose가 11.00~22.38%로 가장 많이 함유되어 있으며, 이어서 fructose, sorbitol, maltose, 3당류 그리고 sucrose 순으로 검출되었고 총함량은 29.09~41.34%이었다. 색도는 백색도는 26.49~73.87, 적색도는 $30{\pm}10$, 황색도는 80~90의 범위에 있었다. 경옥고 제품의 물성은 점도특성으로 볼 때 일정한 온도에서 일정 회전속도로 반복적으로 작동시킬 경우 비례적으로 점도가 증가하는 특성을 가졌으며, 본 시험에 이용된 경옥고 제품의 물성은 크게 3가지 구분으로 grouping 되었는데 정적인 상태에서 고체상을 가지는 제품은 3, 5 및 10번이었고, 제품 2, 6 및 4번은 4회 반복 시까지는 일정값으로 비례적으로 상승하다가 그 이후부터는 일정한 값을 나타냈고, 7 및 8번은 한번 회전시킨 이후부터 거의 일정한 값을 보여주는 유동적인 특성을 보여주었으며, 탄수화물의 함량이 높은 것일수록 유동성이 큰 물성을 보여주었다. 시판 경옥고 제품의 열수추출물의 처리에 의한 RAW 264.7 대식세포에의 증식에 미치는 영향은 제품마다 약간씩 차이가 남을 볼 수 있었고, 제품 중 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8번 제품이 세포독성이 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 특히 8번 제품은 가장 안전한 것으로 관찰되었다. LPS를 대식세포에 처리하기 전에 각 경옥고 제품의 추출물을 전처리하여 항염증 활성을 조사한 결과를 종합해 보면, 세포독성이 낮으면서 대식세포로부터의 염증 매개인자의 분비를 억제하는 항염증 활성은 1번과 7번 제품이 가장 우수하며, 2번 제품도 비교적 높은 안전성과 염증반응 억제효과를 가지는 것으로 판단되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.1650-1655
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• 2003

Crossbred gilts (n=54) of about $26.38{\pm}0.85kg$ body weight and 25 weeks of age were randomly divided into 18 groups of 3 animals each. Three dietary treatments viz., $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$ were formulated. The treatment $T_1$ containing maize grain (35%) and wheat bran (47%) along with soybean meal and fish meals served as control diet. Rice bran (RB) was selected as a single source of fat (13.02%) and fibre (17.12%), which was gradually increased in diets $T_2$ (41%) and $T_3$ (82%) replacing maize grain and wheat bran of $T_1$ at 50% and 100% in the diets $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively. The fat and fibre levels of the diets were thus 3.46 and 5.24, 9.31and 9.69 and 11.61and 13.26% in $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_3$, respectively. All the diets, however, contained almost similar concentration of CP (18.35${\pm}0.29%$). Each dietary treatment was offered to six replicated groups of 3 piglets in following completely randomized design and feeding was continued for 112 days during the growing phase. Growth, feed utilization, reproductive performance, nutrient utilization and different blood biochemical parameters were studied. Growth rate, feed intake and feed conversion were lower (p<0.01) in $T_3$ in comparison to $T_1$ or $T_2$. Digestibility of all the nutrients except EE was reduced significantly (p<0.01) in $T_3$. Serum glucose level decreased (p<0.01), whereas the urea and cholesterol concentration in the blood increased (p<0.01) in $T_3$. The duration of estrus of pigs fed diet containing 82% RB ($T_3$) was highly variable within the group, but all the groups showed statistically similar duration of estrous. Feed cost per unit gain was found to be comparable between control ($T_1$) and $T_2$ group. The results indicated that RB can be included up to 41% in swine diets replacing 50% of maize and wheat bran. Higher concentrations of ether extract and fibre beyond 9.31 and 9.69% in diet had detrimental effect on growth, nutrient utilization and reproductive performance.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권11호
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• pp.1695-1700
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 한방 발효주 주박의 피부 생리 기능 활성을 알아보기 위해 주박 추출물 및 분획물을 준비하고 항산화, 미백 및 주름 개선 효과를 조사하였다. 그 중 한방 발효주 주박의 에틸아세테이트 분획물(KSD E4-3)이 가장 우수한 항산화 효과를 나타내었으며 이는 다양한 약재의 발효에 의한 효과로 사료된다. KSD E4-3은 tyrosinase 활성 억제 및 tyrosine을 기질로 melanin이 형성되는 pathway에 관여하는 주요한 인자인 TRP-1과 TRP-2를 저해하는 작용 기전을 통해 피부 색소침착의 주요 원인 물질인 melanin 생합성을 농도 의존적으로 저해하는 것을 확인하였다. 또한 KSD E4-3은 피부의 keratinocyte가 생성, 분비하는 MMP-1, -2, -9의 발현을 억제하여 UV 조사에 의한 피부 광노화에 따른 피부 주름 생성을 억제할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 한방 발효주 주박에서 추출한 KSD E4-3은 피부 미백 및 주름 개선에 우수한 효과를 나타내고 있으므로 기능성 화장품의 주요한 소재로 이용 가치가 높을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.38-46
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• 2016

Background : The white jelly mushroom (Tremella fuciformis), one of the most popular edible fungi, has medicinal properties. However, the effects of T. fuciformis in skin whitening or anti-wrinkle efficacy has not been defined to date. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of T. fuciformis extracts on whitening and anti-wrinkle efficacy in skin cells. Methods and Results :We prepared T. fuciformis extracts with water. The extracts ($80^{\circ}C$) contained 12.11 mg/g polyphenol and 8.54 mg/g flavonoid concentration. T. fuciformis extracts markedly decreased melanin contents and tyrosinase activity in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated melanocytes (B16F10 cells). In addition, the mRNA expression of melanin formation factors, such as microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1) and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) were significantly down-regulated in ${\alpha}$-MSH-stimulated melanocyte. Furthermore, T. fuciformis extracts increased the synthesis of type I procollagen and reduced mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) in the human dermal fibroblast (HDFn cells). These data indicated that T. fuciformis extracts induce repression of cellular melanogenesis and protect against wrinkles caused by UVB-stimulated damage. Conclusions : Thus T. fuciformis extracts could be a cosmetic candidate for skin whitening and anti-wrinkle effects.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.98-98
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• 2003

${\beta}$-(1,3)-D-Glucans have been known to exhibit antitumor and antimicrobial activities. The presence of dectin-1,${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$-glucan receptor of dendritic cell, on macrophage has been controvertial. RT-PCR analysis led to the detection of dectin-1${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ in murine macrophage Raw264.7 cell line. Among the various organs of mouse, dectin-1${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ were detected in the thymus, lung, spleen, stomach and intestine. To analyze gene expression modulated by ${\beta}$-glucan treated murine Raw264.7 macrophage, total mRNA was applied to cDNA microarray to interrogate the expression of 7,000 known genes. cDNA chip analysis showed that ${\beta}$-glucan of P. osteatus increased gene expressions of immunomodulating genes, membrane antigenic proteins, chemokine ligands, complements, cytokines, various kinases, lectin associated genes and oncogenes in Raw 264.7 cell line. When treated with ${\beta}$-glucan of P. osteatus and LPS, induction of gene expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IFN-R1 was confirmed by RT-PCR analysis. Induction of TNF-R type II expression was confirmed by FACS analysis. IL-6 expression was abolished by EDTA in ${\beta}$-glucan and LPS treated Raw264.7 cell line, indicating that ${\beta}$-glucan binds to dectin-l in a Ca$\^$＋＋/ -dependent manner. To increase antitumor efficacy of ${\beta}$-glucan, ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2) was co-treated with ${\beta}$-glucan in vivo and in vitro tests. IC$\sub$50/ values of GRh2 were 20 and 25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/$m\ell$ in SNU-1 and B16 melanoma F10 cell line, respectively. Co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 showed synergistic antitumor activity with cisplatin and mitomycin C both in vitro and in vivo. Single or co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 increased tumor bearing mouse life span. Co-treatment with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 showed more increased life span with mitomycin C than that with cisplatin. Antitumor activities were 67% and 72 % by co-injection with ${\beta}$-glucan and GRh2 in the absence or presence of mitomycin C, respectively.