• 생약학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.246-252
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• 2011

Korean mistletoe Lectin (KML-C) is composed of A and B sub-chain. B chain binds to carbohydrates on cell surface and A chain hinders translation and induces an apoptosis as a RIP (ribosome inactivating protein). KML-C has very strong biological activities, it has seriously limits to use as a cancer therapy or adjuvant because of its toxicity to normal cells. This study is therefore conducted to see if B chain of KML-C might have immunological activity, especially adjuvant activities with less toxicity. We isolated B chain from KML-C using the lactose affinity chromatography, and examined their immunoadjuvant activity. The isolated B-chain did not show any cytotoxicity against tumor cell, RAW264.7, and P388D1 while KML-C had a very strong toxicity. This non-toxic effect was observed also by in-vivo study. Both humoral and cellular immunities were observed ; the antibody titer was increased when the mice were immunized with B-chain used as adjuvant like Freund's adjuvant, indicating that B chain of mistletoe lectin alone might be used for adjuvant; it also increased DTH in cellular immunity. These results suggest that B-chain of KML-C might be used for adjuvant used for the production of antibody or vaccine with less toxicity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.299-304
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• 1997

Expression in the periplasm of Escherichia coli of cloned heavy and light chain cDNAs for Fab fragment of a murine monoclonal antibody MabB9 (${\gamma}2b$, K), specific for human plasma apolipoprotein B-100 of LDL, was studied. For the purpose, a vector for two-cistronic expression of the heavy chain cDNA, at the 5' terminus, and light chain cDNA, at the 3' terminus, was constructed using the signal sequences, pelB (for heavy chain) and ompA (for light chain) in a pET vector system. The constructed vector was transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). The expressed heavy chain (25 kDa) and light chain (23 kDa) of the antibody molecule were detected in total cell extracts as well as in the periplasmic extracts of E. coli.

• 지식경영연구
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2002

The emergence of business-to-business e-marketplace spanning both vertical and horizontal markets has relandscaped the competitive playing field in nearly every industry over the past few years by aggregating scale and spends, increasing market and value chain transparency, automating transactions along the value chain. The traits uncovered in business-to-business e-marketplaces are the taking initiative of leading companies in e-marketplace, value chain composing of promoting commerces etc, wide alliance network, and B2B in relation to B2C etc.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.105-111
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• 1995

밥의 식미가 다른 일반계와 통일계 쌀을 대상으로 아밀로펙틴과 그 베타-한계덱스트린의 분자구조적 특성을 조사하고 밥의 텍스쳐와의 관련성을 검토하였다. 쌀 전분의 아밀로펙틴 분자구조는, 아밀로펙틴과 베타-한계 덱스트린의 사슬분포로 보아, $\overline{DP}$ 12.4의 A 사슬, $\overline{DP}$ 20.6의 짧은 B 사슬, $\overline{DP}$ 26.3의 중간 B 사슬, $\overline{DP}$ 45의 긴 B 사슬과 $\overline{DP}$ 55 이상의 초장쇄로 이루어진 polymodal이었다. 아밀로펙틴의 초장쇄는 긴 직쇄를 가진 사슬로서 아밀로펙틴의 평균 사슬길이, 고유점도, 베타-아밀라아제 분해한도와 정의 상관을 보이나 요오드 복합체의 최대흡수파장과는 부의 상관을 보였다. 아밀로펙틴과 베타-한계 덱스트린의 분자구조적 성질은 일반계와 통일계 쌀 시료간 차이를 보였다. 아밀로펙틴의 A 사슬에 대한 B 사슬의 비율은 일반계가 통일계 보다 약간 높았으나 초장쇄의 분포 비율은 일반계가 통일계 보다 더 낮았다. 아밀로펙틴의 분자구조와 밥의 텍스쳐와의 관계에서, 고유점도, 베타-아밀라아제 분해한도와 사슬길이 그러고 초장쇄는 밥의 경도와 정의 상관을, 부착성과는 부의 상관을 보였다. 따라서 밥의 식감은 아밀로펙틴의 긴 사슬이 적고 짧은 사슬이 많이 분포할 수록, 밥의 경도가 낮고 부착성이 높았다. 이러한 결과는 아밀로펙틴의 분자구조가 밥의 텍스쳐와 밀접한 관계가 없음을 나타내고 있다.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2011

This paper describes a baseband analog (BBA) chain for wireless local area network (WLAN) applications. For the given specifications of the receiver BBA chain, the optimum allocation of the gain and filter rejection of each block in a BBA chain is achieved to maximize the SFDR. The fully integrated BBA chain is fabricated in 0.13 ${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. An input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3) of 22.9 dBm at a gain of 0.5 dB and an input-referred noise voltage (IRN) of 32.2 nV/${\surd}$Hz at a gain of 63.3 dB are obtained. By optimizing the allocation of the gain and filter rejection using the proposed design methodology, an excellent SFDR performance of 63.9 dB is achieved with a power consumption of 12 mW.

• BMB Reports
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.120-125
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• 2000

M2PI is an active single chain mini-proinsulin with a 9-residue linker containing the turn-forming sequence 'YPGDV' between the B- and A-chains, but which retains about 50% of native insulin receptor binding activity. The refolding efficiency of M2PI is higher than proinsulin by 20-40% at alkaline pH, and native insulin is generated by the enzymatic conversion of M2PI. The solution structure of M2PI was determined by NMR spectroscopy. The global structure of M2PI is similar to that of native insulin, but the flexible linker between the B- and A-chains perturbed the N-terminal A-chain and C-terminal B-chain. The helix in the N-terminal A-chain is partly perturbed and the ${\beta}$-turn in the B-chain is disrupted in M2PI. However, the linker between the two chains was completely disordered indicating that the designed turn was not formed under the experimental conditions (20% acetic acid). Considering the fact that an insulin analogue, directly cross-linked between the C-terminus of the B-chain and the N-terminus of the A-chain, has negligible binding activity, a flexible linker between the two chains is sufficient to keep binding activity of M2PI, but the perturbed secondary structures are detrimental to receptor binding.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.100-110
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to identify Internet usage for the implementation of Quick Response Supply Chain Management across Business-to-Business Electronic Commerce in textile and apparel industry. This paper involves theoretical studies, which developed 3 steps to analyze the relationship of B-to-B EC, SCM, and QR, and provides broader awareness of new trend in the textile and apparel industry. SCM as one of B-to-B EC solutions introduced QR into the textile and apparel industry in 1985, and B-to-B EC is regarded as a means for achievement of QR with the widespread adoption of Internet technologies by businesses over the last four years. Finally, the Internet enables textile and apparel firms to access international networks of suppliers, distributors, and customers, so Internet-based B-to-B EC, SCM, and QR with Internet/EDI and XML/EDI are expected to become a central part in propelling fashion business into new directions.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-12
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• 1996

In order to produce the single chain precursor of a novel human insulin analogue, (B30-Homoserine) insulin, the fermentative behaviors of Escherichia coli JM103 were studied, which harbors pKBA plasmid carrying a hybrid gene in which the gene for a single chain precursor was fused with lacZ gene under tac promoter. The maximal induction of gene expression was achieved when more than 0.05 mM of isopropyl-$\beta$-D-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG) was supplemented to fermentation medium after 4 h cultivation of E. coli, and followed by longer than 2-h fermentation. The hybrid protein of the single chain insulin precursor was isolated from cytoplasmic inclusion bodies by dissolving in 8M urea solution, and purified through DEAE-Sephacel and Sephadex G-200 column chromatographies with a recovery of 35%. The finally purified hybrid protein showed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1996

The immunogenecity of low molecular weight ($MW{\le}30,000$) immunogens in laying hens was investigated. Immunogens were insulin derivatives and ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin(${\beta}-Lg$). Insulin derivatives were reduced- carboxymethylated(RCM) insulin, and RCM-A and RCM-B chain of insulin. The yolk antibodies against RCM-A chain of insulin appeared after the first immunization. The yolk antibodies against RCM-B chain of insulin were elicited 5 weeks after the third booster injection. Although the anti-RCM-B chain yolk antibodies recognized native insulin, the anti-RCM-A chain yolk antibodies didn't native insulin. The anti-RCM insulin yolk antibodies were induced after the second booster injection and showed cross-reactivities with native insulin. On the other hand, ${\beta}-Lg$ showed stronger immunogenecity than insulin derivatives. The $anti-{\beta}-Lg$ yolk antibodies were produced after the second booster injection and the peak titer was reached 3 weeks after the third booster injection.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2002

Background: In contrast to evidences of Ig H chain receptor editing in transformed cell lines and transgenic mouse models, there has been no direct evidence that this phenomenon occurs in human developing B cells. Methods: $V_HDJ_H$ rearrangements were obtained from genomic DNA of individual $IgM^-$ B cells from liver and $IgM^+B$ cells from bone marrow of 18 wk of gestation human fetus by PCR amplification and direct sequencing. Results: We found three examples of H chain receptor editing from $IgM^+$ and $IgM^-human$ fetal B cells. Two types of $V_H$ replacements were identified. The first involved $V_H$ hybrid formation, in which part of a $V_H$ gene from the initial VDJ rearrangement is replaced by part of an upstream $V_H$ gene at the site of cryptic RSS. The second involved a gene conversion like replacement of CDR2, in which another $V_H$ gene donated a portion of its CDR2 sequence to the initial VDJ rearrangement. Conclusion: These data provide evidence of receptor editing at the H chain loci in developing human B cells, and also the first evidence of a gene conversion event in human Ig genes.