• 제목/요약/키워드: Azolla

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물개구리밥(Azolla)이 논 잡초 발생, 질소공급 및 쌀 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Azolla Incorporation During Paddy Cultivation on Weed Control, Nitrogen Supply and Rice Yield)

  • 신종희;한채민;권중배;원종건
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제66권4호
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    • pp.271-278
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    • 2021
  • 논에서 개구리밥의 수면피복은 잡초의 초종, 본수, 생체중의 감소로 잡초발생억제 효과가 있었다. 개구리밥 초종 중 물개구리밥(Azolla)을 처리한 경우 잡초 억제 효과와 더불어 제초하지 않음에도 수량성의 감소는 없었으며 이듬해 토양에 유기물 함량을 높임으로서 토양비옥도를 증진시키는 효과를 보인 것으로 판단되었다. 물개구리밥은 증식이 빠르고 벼 재배시 수량 증가, 암모니아 휘산 방지, 잡초억제 등의 효과가 있으며, 오염된 수질에서는 중금속 제거 효과도 뛰어나 녹비용 사료용 가치 등 농업적가치가 뛰어난 자원이다. 한국에서는 월동을 시켜야 하는 등의 일부 단점이 있긴 하지만 그 활용가치가 뛰어나고 관리가 용이 하므로 친환경 농업의 발전을 위하여 추가적인 연구와 현장 적용 시험이 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

물개구리밥(Azolla imbricata)을 이용한 주요 활성성분의 분리 및 화장품 소재 개발 연구 (A Study on the Azolla imbricata using as a Cosmetic Active Ingredient)

  • 송민현;배준태;이근수;장영학;표형배
    • 대한화장품학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.71-77
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    • 2010
  • Azolla는 Azollaceae 속에 속하는 수생 양치류이며 물속에서 질소고정 박테리아인 Anabaena azollae와 공생관계의 식물로써, 현재까지는 질소 함량이 다량 함유되어 쌀 생산량에 크게 기여하는 식물인 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 이유로 인해서 중국이나 베트남 북부에서는 수생 식물의 유기 비료 뿐만 아니라 물속 정화기능까지 갖고 있는 것으로 인식되어 농업 및 수산 분야에서 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있는 실정이다. 그러나 이전 연구에서는 Azolla 속의 페놀성 화합물에 대한 연구가 미비하다. 이번 연구에서는 수생식물인 Azolla imbricata의 추출 및 분획을 통하여 Azolla imbricata fraction (AIF) 물질을 얻어 내었으며, DPPH 법을 통한 항산화능력 측정과 lipoxigenase 저해 활성 능력 측정을 통해서 Azolla imbricata의 새로운 능력을 부여하고자 하였다. 이 물질의 항산화 능력과 lipoxygenase 저해 활성능을 나타내는 물질을 분석하였으며, MMP-1 시험에서는 피부 탄력과 보호기능을 위한 콜라겐의 활성 저해율이 75 % 이상인 것으로 나타났다. LC-MASS와 FT-IR, 원소분석 (Element analysis) 을 통하여 구조 분석을 하여 Azolla imbricata가 함유하고 있는 페놀성 화합물의 구조를 알아내었다. 이러한 분석을 통해서 화장품 원료로 잘 사용되지 않았던 수생식물의 사용성을 증대시키고, 천연 화장료 개발로의 응용이 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

친환경농업을 위한 생물비료로서의 아졸라의 이용 (Usage of Azolla spp. as a Biofertilizer on the Environmental-Friendly Agriculture)

  • 남기웅;윤덕훈
    • 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국자원식물학회 2008년도 춘계학술발표회
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    • pp.5-13
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    • 2008
  • The aquatic fern Azolla spp. is of value as a bio-fertilizer for wetland paddy, and also can be used as an ideal feed for cattle, pigs and poultry. It is popular and cultivated widely in other countries like China, Vietnam, and the Philippines, but has yet to be taken up in Korea, in a big way. It fixes nitrogen as high as 3-5kg N per day, because it contains nitrogen fixing blue-green algae, Anabaena azollae. Azolla's ability to create a light-proof mat that suppresses other weeds has been used for centuries in rice production. Azolla spp. has also the capacity to take up the heavy metals ($75{\sim}100%$) and may be used as a bioaccumulator. Moreover, Azolla meal as an unconventional feed resource has a potential as a feedstuff for livestock.

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Usage of Azolla spp. as a Biofertilizer on the Environmental-Friendly Agriculture

  • Nam, Ki-Woong;Yoon, Deok-Hoon
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.230-235
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    • 2008
  • The aquatic fern Azolla spp. is of value as a bio-fertilizer for wetland paddy. It is popular and cultivated widely in other countries like China, Vietnam, and the Philippines, but has yet to be taken up in Korea, in a big way. It fixes nitrogen as high as 3-5kg N per day, because it contains nitrogen fixing blue-green algae, Anabaena azollae. Azolla's ability to create a light-proof mat that suppresses other weeds has been used for centuries in rice production. Azolla spp. has also the capacity to take up the heavy metals such as Mercury and Chromium (75${\sim}$100%) and may be used as a bioaccumulator in the phytoremediation. Azolla meal also can be used as an unconventional feed resource has a potential as a feedstuff for livestock.

메탄발효폐액(醱酵廃液)을 이용(利用)한 녹조류(綠藻類), 아졸라 및 좀개구리밥 배양(培養)에 관(関)한 연구(硏究) (Cultivation of Scenedesmus accuminatus, Azolla-anabaena and Lemner minor L. Using the Effluent of Methane Fermented Hog Waste)

  • 이명구;이상규
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.141-146
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    • 1982
  • 돈분(豚糞)을 이용(利用)하여 2회(回)에 걸친 메탄발효폐액(醱酵廃液) 상징액(上澄液)(pH:7.85, $NH_4$-N:683ppm, Ec:$8.3m{\cdot}mhos/cm$, BOD:1,000ppm내외(內外))을 지하수(地下水)로 희석(稀釋)하여 녹조류(綠藻類) 1종(種)(Scenedesmus), 좀개구리밥(Lemner minor L.) 및 Azolla 1종(種)(Azolla pinnata)을 재배(栽培)코져할 때 폐액(廃液)의 적정희석재수(適正稀釋倍数)와 희석액(稀釋液)의 교환간격(交換間隔)을 알고져 vat시험(試験)으로 실시(実施)한 결과(結果), 1. 녹조류(綠藻類) 생육(生育)에는 폐액(廃液)을 5배(倍)(접종시(接種時) $NH_4$-N:137ppm)로 희석(稀釋)하여 매(每) 8일간격(日間隔)으로 교환(交換), 좀개구리밥은 25~50배(倍)(접종시(接種時) $NH_4$-N: 7~14ppm) 희석(稀釋)하여 4일간격교환(日間隔交換), Azolla는 50배희석(倍稀釋)(접종시(接種時) $NH_4$-N:14ppm) 매(每) 4~8일(日)마다 교환시(交換時)에 생육(生育)이 제일 좋았다. 2. 녹조류(綠藻類), 좀개구리밥 및 Azolla가 생육(生育)할 시(時)에 메탄가스폐액(廃液)의 pH, Ec 및 $NH_4$-N가 감소(減少)되어 폐액(廃液)의 정화(淨化)가 촉진(促進)되었다.

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Rhizoctonia solani에 의한 큰물개구리밥(Azolla japonica) 마름병 (Rhizoctonia Blight of Azolla japonica Caused by Rhizoctonia solani)

  • 이정한;차재율;노길한;한기수;배동원;권영상;임채신;정성우;권진혁;박정규;곽연식
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.405-409
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    • 2011
  • 연 재배연못에서 발견된 큰물개구리밥에 R. solani AHL1에 의해 국지적으로 말라 고사하는 것을 관찰하였다. 병원균을 분리하여 형태적 특징을 조사한 결과 균사는 두께가 $5-6{\mu}m$이고 둔각분지를 하고 있었으며 핵형은 다핵형이었다. 배양적 특성으로 균사생육은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 가장 왕성하였으며 $30^{\circ}C$에서 가장 많은 균핵이 형성되었다. 온도에 따른 병원성과 발병정도를 조사한 결과 $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$$30^{\circ}C$에서 모두 병원성이 나타났으며 발병정도는 $30^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높게 나타났다. 병원균을 유전자 수준에서 동정하기 위해 ITS 영역을 Neighbor-Joining 방법을 이용하여 계통분류분석을 수행한 결과 R. solani로 동정되었다. 본 연구에서 분리된 R. solani AHL1은 벼잎집무늬마름병을 유발하는 병원균과 유사하여 벼에 대한 병 발생 여부는 추가적으로 연구가 필요하다. 현재 농업은 화학비료의 사용을 억제하는 추세로 녹비를 이용한 유기농업으로, 주요 녹비인 Azolla 안정적인 사용을 위하여 Azolla에 발생하는 병에 대한 연구가 더 이루어져야 된다고 사료된다.

Use of multivitamin, acidifier and Azolla in the diet of broiler chickens

  • Islam, M.A.;Nishibori, M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제30권5호
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    • pp.683-689
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    • 2017
  • Objective: The experiments were carried out to measure the effect of multivitamin, acidifier and Azolla on growth performance, profitability and lipid profiles of blood of broiler chickens to produce safe and cost effective broilers. Methods: In experiment 1, 240 day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were fed diets; $D_1$ (control), $D_2$ ($D_1$ with 1 mL multivitamin/liter water), $D_3$ ($D_1$ with 1 mL acidifier/liter water), $D_4$ ($D_1$ with 1 mL multivitamin and 2 mL acidifier/liter water) having 3 replications in each, and 20 chicks/replication. In experiment 2, 150 day-old Cobb-500 broiler chicks were fed diets; $T_1$ (control), $T_2$ (5% Azolla in the diet), $T_3$ (7% Azolla in the diet) and $T_4$ ($T_1$ with 1 mL multivitamin and 1 mL acidifier/liter water) having 3 replications in each, and 20 chicks/replication in control, and 10 chicks/replication in the remaining dietary treatment groups for 35 days. Results: In experiment 1, the highest live weight was observed in $D_4$ (p<0.05), however, feed intake was statistically similar between diets (p>0.05). The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) (p<0.001) and mortality (p<0.05) were observed in $D_2$ followed by $D_4$, $D_1$, and $D_3$, respectively. There were no significant differences between diets for feed cost and net profit (p>0.05). However, evidently but not significantly, the highest net profit was obtained in $D_2$ followed by $D_4$, $D_1$, and $D_3$, respectively. In experiment 2, the highest live weight (p<0.05) and feed intake (p<0.001) were observed in $T_4$. Mortality (p<0.01), FCR (p<0.01), feed cost (p<0.05) and net profit (p<0.05) were significantly different among diets. Considering net profit, $T_2$ was the best performing dietary group followed by $T_3$, $T_1$, and $T_4$, respectively. The lowest lipid profiles were observed in $D_3$ followed by $D_1$, $D_4$, and $D_2$, respectively (p<0.05). In experiment 2, the lowest total cholesterol, TG, and the highest amount of high density lipoprotein were observed in $T_2$, followed by $T_3$, $T_1$, and $T_4$, respectively (p<0.05). Evidently but not significantly, low density lipoprotein was the highest in $T_2$ followed by $T_3$, $T_4$, and $T_1$, respectively (p>0.05). Conclusion: In conclusion, Azolla and acidifier reduced lipid profiles of broiler chickens. Considering net profit and lipid profiles, 5% Azolla may be the suitable dietary group for producing safe and profitable broilers. However, more studies are needed to confirm this study prior to suggesting using Azolla in the poultry industry.

Effect of seed priming on germination and sprouting vigor of colored rice

  • Lee, Ki Bong;Shin, Jong Hee;Kim, Sang Kuk;Kim, Se Jong;Ryu, Su Noh
    • 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.312-312
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    • 2017
  • The study was conducted to select optimal materials for promoting germination rate, high sprouting vigor by priming treatment using PEG 6000 (water potential -0.5 to 2.0 Mpa) and Azolla extracts (0.1, 1.0, and 10.0%) extracted by ethanol, distilled, and/or hot water in colored rice cultivars. Each rice seed (three black rice cultivars and two red rice cultivars) was soaked 24 and 48 hr including untreated control. In black rice, Joseongheugchal rice cultivar, azolla ethanol extract (0.1%) induced highest germination rate, germination speed was taken to 5 days in distilled water and to 3days in Azolla extracts extracted hot water. Otherwise, degree of bacterial inhibition (number of colony, $10^3cfu$) in dry seed, water soaking for 24hr, soaking with fungicide for 24hr and 48hr, soaking with fungicide and aeration for 24hr and 48 hr was 22, 500, 95, and 0.46, respectively. In order to minimize fungal inhibition, a method can be chosen to combination of soaking fungicide and aeration for 48 hr. In seed priming treatments using growth pouch, seed soaking with fungicide did not affect change of germination percentage and germination speed, it delayed only 2 or 4day in the Joseongheugchal rice cultivar. It differs from rice cultivars and priming materials, Azolla extract(0.1 to 1%) promotes seed germination percentage in the Ilpum, Hongjinju, and Joseonghuegchal, in addition, germination in Jeogjinju cultivar was only promoted by PEG solution(10 to 20%), otherwise, it showed much lower or inhibited on the germination in Heugjinju and Sinmyungheugchal rice cultivars. In a paddy field trial, seedling establishment rate by applying PEG6000 and azolla extract did not show significantly statistical difference. When it compared with untreated control, seedling establishment rate was increased over 50% in priming treatments. Interestingly, seedling establishment rate under azolla extract (0.1%) extracted with ethanol was promoted over 2.5 times compared to the control in a black rice, Joseongheugchal and red rice, Jeogjinju.

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Evaluation of Some Aquatic Plants from Bangladesh through Mineral Composition, In Vitro Gas Production and In Situ Degradation Measurements

  • Khan, M.J.;Steingass, H.;Drochner, W.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.537-542
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    • 2002
  • A study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive potential value of different aquatic plants: duckweed (Lemna trisulaca), duckweed (Lemna perpusila), azolla (Azolla pinnata) and water-hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) from Bangladesh. A wide variability in protein, mineral composition, gas production, microbial protein synthesis, rumen degradable nitrogen and in situ dry matter and crude protein degradability were recorded among species. Crude protein content ranged from 139 to 330 g/kg dry matter (DM). All species were relatively high in Ca, P, Na, content and very rich in K, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cu and Zn concentration. The rate of gas production was highest in azolla and lowest in water-hyacinth. A similar trend was observed with in situ DM degradability. Crude protein degradability was highest in duckweed. Microbial protein formation at 24 h incubation ranged from 38.6-47.2 mg and in vitro rumen degradable nitrogen between 31.5 and 48.4%. Based on the present findings it is concluded that aquatic species have potential as supplementary diet to livestock.