• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.637-643
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• 1995

5-methyltryptophan (5MT) 저항성 벼 (Oryza sativa L. val. Sasanishiki)로 부터 선발된T-RI의 자식후대개체 중에서 저항성이 우성형질로 분리된 TR75주를 이용하여 그 식물체의 여러 특성을 조사하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. TR75는 종자, 근, 약에 있어서는 25 mg/1의 5MT가 포함된 MS배지에서 callus가 형성되었으나, 야생형의 경우에는 어느 기관에서도 Callus 유도는 일어나지 않았다. 2. 각 기관으로 부터 유도된 TR75의 callus는 50mg/1의 5MT배지에서도 저항성을 보여주었지만 야생형의 callus는 25mg/1의 5MT 배지에서 모두 갈변화 하였다. 3. TR75는 3종류의 아미노산 아날로그(L-azetidine-2-carboxylic acid, S-2-aminoethyl-L-cystene, p-fluoro-DL-phenylalanine)에 대해서는 저항성을 갖고 있지 않다. 4. TR75의 유리아미노산 함량은 야생형 종자에 비해 tryptophan, phenylalanine, aspartic acid가 각각 5.0, 5.3, 2.7 배 증가하였으며, 그 외 다른 종류의 아미노산 함량도 1.5∼2.0배 증가하였다. 전 아미노산 함량도 약 1.5배 가량 증가하였다. 그러나 alanine과 leucine은 약간 감소하였다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.944-954
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• 2017

Objectives: This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of Jageum-jung extract on Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS-induced) ulcerative colitis in mice. Methods: Ulcerative colitis was induced by DSS in Balb/C male mice. Ten mice were assigned to each of four groups: Ctrl (control), UE (ulcerative colitis-induced), PT (treated with pentasaccharide after induction of ulcerative colitis), and JT (treated with Jageum-jung extract after induction of ulcerative colitis). The effects of Jageum-jung extract were measured by restoration of the length of the intestine, degree of mucosal damage as seen with histochemistry, and changes of p-IkB, iNOS, COX-2, and caspase-3 determined by immunohistochemistry. Results: The recovered intestinal length of the JT group was longer than that of the UE group. In the colon mucosa of JT group, hemorrhagic lesions were reduced, and the mucus barrier was recovered. This group also showed inhibited production of inflammatory enzymes (iNOS, COX-2) through regulation of proinflammatory enzyme (NF-kB, p65) activity in the colon. In addition, caspase 3 activation induced apoptosis. By GC/MS analysis, azetidine was identified. Conclusions: This study confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of jageum-jung extract, and suggests the possibility of using Jageum-jung extract to treat ulcerative colitis. Further experiments and research on the mechanism of Jageum-jung effects are needed.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to characterize the effects of KHG26792 (3-(naphthalen-2-yl(propoxy)methyl)azetidine hydrochloride), a potential skin whitening agent, on melanin synthesis and identify the underlying mechanism of action. Our data showed that KHG26792 significantly reduced melanin synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, KHG26792 downregulated microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis, although tyrosinase was not inhibited directly. KHG26792 activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), whereas an ERK pathway inhibitor, PD98059, rescued KHG26792-induced hypopigmentation. These results suggest that KHG26792 decreases melanin production via ERK activation. Moreover, the hypopigmentary effects of KHG26792 were confirmed in a pigmented skin equivalent model using Cervi cornus Colla (deer antler glue), in which the color of the pigmented artificial skin became lighter after treatment with KHG26792. In summary, our findings suggest that KHG26792 is a novel skin whitening agent.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2007

본 연구는 벼 배 배양 캘러스에 방사선 조사와 AZCA 처리를 통해 AZCA저항성 세포주를 선발 육성하고 proline 함량이 증가된 선발 계통을 중심으로 염분 스트레스에 저항성을 갖는 벼 계통을 육성하고 그 기작을 밝히고자 하였다. 먼저, 1) AZCA 저항성 후대로부터 NaCl 저항성 식물체를 선발하고, 2) 선발된 저항성 계통의 생리적 생화학적 특성을 분석하였으며, 3) 분자적 특성을 RT-PCR을 통해 조사하고 유전적 변이를 탐색하였다. AZCA저항성 $M_{3}$ 3,000 계통으로부터 얻어진 약 20,000 종자에 염분 적정 선발 농도로 밝혀진 1.5%의 염분을 처리하여 내염성 (ST) 벼 116 개체를 선발하고, $M_{4}$ 후대 세대를 양성하였다. $ST\;M_{4}$ 세대에서 2차 내염성 계통 선발을 위해서 $M_{4}$ 세대계통을 1.2% NACl 에서 대조구와 생육 조사한 결과, 대조구 식물은 생육이 약하고 성장이 지연되는 것을 볼 수 있었다. 내염성 계통(ST-13, ST-16)으로부터 유도된 캘러스에 NaCl 처리한 결과, 대조구, ST-13, ST-16의 생존율은 9%, 16%, 20%로 나타났다. 또한, 필수 아미노산 함량을 잎, 종자 및 캘러스로 나누어 분석한 결과 ST-13와 ST-16는 대조구와 비교하여, 1) 잎에서는 약 1.24, 1.3배, 2) 종자에서는 1.49, 2.43배, 3) 캘러스에서는 1.32, 1.60배 증가하는 것이 확인되었다. 내염성 계통과 대조구에서 이온함량을 비교한 결과 잎과 뿌리에서 $K^{+},\;Na^{+}$ 및 $Na^{+}/K^{+}$ 비율을 보면 대조구보다 $Na^{+}/K^{+}$ 비율이 낮아진 것이 확인되었다. 내염성과 연관된 유전자 P5CS, NHXI를 이용하여 RT-PCR 실험을 수행한 결과, 돌연변이 계통에서 이들 유전자의 발현이 증가됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 선발된 계통은 내염성 육종 및 기초 연구를 위한 재료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2003

When cells are exposed to proteotoxic stresses such as heat shock, amino acid analogs, and heavy metals, they increase the synthesis of the heat shock proteins (HSPs) by activating the heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), whose activity is controlled via multiple steps including homotrimerization, nuclear translocation, DNA binding, and hyperphosphorylation. Under unstressed conditions, the HSF1 activity is repressed through its constitutive phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3$\beta$ (GSK3$\beta$), extracellular regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), and stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK). However, the protein kinase (s) responsible for HSF1 hyperphosphorylation and activation is not yet identified. In the present study, we observed that profile of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) activation in response to heat shock was very similar to those of HSF1 hyperphosphorylation and nuclear translocation. Therefore, we investigated whether p38MAPK is involved in the heat shock-induced HSF1 activation and HSP expression. Here we show that the p38MAPK inhibitors, SB202190 and SB203580, but not other inhibitors including the MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 and the PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 and wortmannin, suppress HSF1 hyperphosphorylation in response to heat shock and L-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid (Azc), but not to heavy metals. Furthermore, heat shock-induced HSF1-DNA binding and HSP72 expression was specifically prevented by the p38MAPK inhibitors, but not by the MEK1/2 inhibitor and the PI3-K inhibitors. These results suggest that SB202190- and SB203580-sensitive p38MAPK may positively regulate HSP gene regulation in response to heat shock and amino acid analogs.