• Speech Sciences
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.109-120
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness level of the prolonged sound rules in elementary school students. The participants in this study were 148 elementary school students in grades 1 through 6. Their awareness level of the prolonged sound rules was evaluated on reading tasks composed of 40 words and sentences. An one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe hoc tests showed the showed the statistically significant difference between the groups for the awareness level of prolonged sound rules. The younger the children, the larger differences in the awareness of prolonged sound rules. The awareness might affect their cognitive development and a systematic instruction may be helpful especially in lower graders. In conclusion, the findings of this study showed significant differences in the awareness level of the prolonged sound rules at both words and sentences level. It was also found that as the age of children increases, the awareness level of the prolonged sound rules tends to increase which appeared to be completed by the 3rd grade.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.435-444
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that demographic factors, radiation knowledge level, and radiation awareness could be affecting the benefits of radiation. From July 2022 to July 2023, after receiving consent to participate by using the link of Naver through Social Network Service (SNS) for the general public, 312 people were surveyed by self-registration method without collecting personal information. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 25 questions following demographic factors (5 questions including age group by life cycle, sex, monthly household income, residence), radiation knowledge level (8 questions including basic physical, biological effects, radiation protection technology), radiation awareness (12 questions including risk, management, benefit). Independent sample T-test and ANOVA tests were performed for significant differences in the average radiation awareness between variables, and hierarchical regression was performed to identify influencing factors on radiation benefits. As a result, the benefit of radiation was significantly high among the radiation awareness, but the awareness of the danger of radiation was insufficient to the level of recognizing it as safe. Men had significantly higher awareness of radiation management and benefits than women, and the awareness of radiation management was significantly higher in the middle class with a monthly household income of 4.31 million won or more. The higher the knowledge level of radiation, the higher the awareness of the benefits of radiation. The factors that had a positive effect on radiation benefits were the high level of radiation knowledge and awareness of radiation management.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2003

Purpose : This study was designed to describe the economic awareness, economic knowledge, and attitude toward cost-effectiveness in nursing of hospital nurses. Method : The sample included 272 nurses conveniently selected from 5 tertiary care hospitals. Data were collected on general characteristics of nurses, the economic awareness level, the knowledge level of economics, and the attitude toward cost-effectiveness. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC version 10.0. Result : 1) The mean of economic awareness level of hospital nurses was 44.87 (SD=3.53) with a possible range of 5${\sim}$50. The mean of the knowledge level of economics was 58.3 (SD=11.9) with a possible range of 0${\sim}$100. 2) The mean of attitude toward cost-effectiveness in nursing was 39.95 (SD=5.01) with a possible range of 5${\sim}$50, which means moderately positive. 3) Analyzing the relationships between economic awareness level and knowledge level of economics, and attitude toward cost-effectiveness, the knowledge level of economics was positively related with the economic awareness level (r=.192, p=.002) and the attitude (r=.133, p=.029). The economic awareness level was positively related with the attitude (r=.470, p=.000). 4) Backward multiple regression revealed that the linear combination of economic awareness, job position, place of employment, and the presence of CQI committee accounted for 26.1% of the variance in the attitudes toward cost-effectiveness nursing care. Conclusion : Findings reveal that RNs lack basic knowledge of economics and its link to nursing practice, yet, they want a voice in economic decision making. In an effort to fill the void of economic knowledge and respond to nurses' call for greater input, in-service programs and curricula for generic programs must be developed.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.55-62
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to understand how to affect the safety behavior to the organization's trustees to investigate the level of safety awareness, safety awareness via the distribution center workers prepare the logistics industry disaster prevention measures. The survey was analyzed data to target by the clothing distribution center employees of 182 people. Analysis First, the level of safety awareness showed on a positive effect on organization trust. Second, it was found on the safety level of consciousness a positive effect on the safety behavior. Third, the level of safety awareness affect the safety behavior showed that the mediating role of organization trust. That is a higher level of safety awareness, such as the strict practice of business activities, investments, safety rules on safety education and training emphasis on safety increases confidence in the organization. It was confirmed the higher the confidence in the safety organization appears behavior such as actively participating in the work carried out in a safe manner, safety education and training. In addition, the effect was mediated by the organizational impact on confidence in the safety of personnel safety awareness actions. Based on that research results prepared safety awareness was raised through the industrial accident prevention measures.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2016

Consumer anxiety about food safety is increasing, and the ability to make an accurate assessment is inadequate due to the lack of food safety information. This research focuses on relations among main variables, such as food hazard awareness, food apprehension, food safety information awareness, and food safety management system evaluation. In addition, to the moderating effects of food safety information awareness between food hazards awareness, food apprehension, and food safety management system evaluation. First, food hazards awareness and apprehension was slightly higher than the average level, also there was a significant difference in food hazard apprehension according to food hazard awareness. However, the level of food safety information was not high, meaning consumers were not as well informed as expected. We divided food safety management system evaluation into awareness and practice, subsequently, the results of both were at a low level. Food safety information awareness' moderating effect was also confirmed. Consumer organizations and the government need to provide specific and correct information to Korean consumers, that also implement a wide range of consumer education related policies.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.204-214
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to determine the level of awareness and self-efficacy and their relationships to osteoporosis among young women. Methods: The participants were 309 young women living in Seoul. The data were collected using questionnaires from July to September 2009. The Osteoporosis Awareness Scale consists of five areas with a total of 31 questions and the Self-efficacy Scale consists of 18 questions. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe' test and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: The average level for osteoporosis awareness was 2.22, of a possible 4.00 and significant difference were related to participants' previous encounter with any information about osteoporosis, behavior to prevent osteoporosis, experience of weight control, and frequency of vegetable and calcium-rich foods intake. The average level of self-efficacy for osteoporosis was 2.81, of a possible 4.00 and significant difference related to participants' educational level, occupation, behavior to prevent osteoporosis, smoking, method of weight control, regular exercise, and frequency of vegetable and calcium-rich foods intake. There were significant positive correlations among awareness and self-efficacy about osteoporosis. Conclusion: This study suggests that health care professionals need to provide effective interventions for young women to enhance their osteoporosis awareness and self-efficacy for preventing osteoporosis.

• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.39-48
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• 2009

This paper investigated an overview of awareness for fluoride in the young christian association. 30% of men and 70% of women knew well the prevention of caries for fluoride and water fluoridation program and showed of 90% in 20's, 10% in 30's and 0.00% in 40's. 54%-known people for fluoride had each 37% of men and 63% of woman, then 46%-unknown people for fluoride had each 56.52% of man and 43.48% of women. This showed women knew well awareness for fluoride than men. This showed high level above 50% awareness for fluoride as 54% of comprehension for fluoride and 50% of water fluoridation program. Awareness of fluoride of the subjects known for fluoride, prevention of caries, effects of tooth and water fluoridation program appeared above 50% level as 54%, 47%, 45% and 50%, individually. Thus, tooth management in christian showed high level. But, awareness for fluoride of women in third condition 'unknown for mottled tooth' showed each 38%, 34% and 37%. The mottled tooth from an excessive fluoride appeared low level awareness for fluoride of women. It suggested hard scientific contents made woman subjects unknown the effects of fluoride for tooth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.123-134
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• 2015

This study was conducted with the following three study objectives. First, effects of safety awareness level of lab researchers to the improvement of safety culture in the organization Second, effects of organizational safety behaviors to the improvement of safety culture Third, test of mediating effects of organizational safety behaviors in the relationship between safety awareness level and the improvement of safety culture. The results show that organizational safety behavior is an indispensable factor for the improvement level of safety culture. Especially, the factors in safety training activities, safety compliance and management system are mediating variables which affect the safety awareness level and improvement level of safety culture, which shows these variables are very important factors in reducing safety accidents through the improvement of safety culture. Therefore, safety behaviors in the organization should be considered with priority. If the organization leads to improve safety awareness through regular safety training and rewards and punishes according to the test results, safety awareness could be improved. This study was conducted to identify the necessary factors to improve the overall safety culture in the organization and contribute to the diffusion of safety culture by improving the safety training awareness of the researchers.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.362-371
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was implemented to investigate the level of awareness of osteoporosis among urban women. Methods: A survey was conducted with a sample size of 434 adult females who resided in metropolises in Korea such as Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Pusan, Gyeongsangnam-do, Kangwondo, Jeju-do and Jeollanam-do. Osteoporosis Awareness Scale was consisted of five areas with total number of 31 questions. The questionnaire's scale was 1 to 4 point, 4 point being the highest understanding level. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics method. Results: The average awareness level of subjects was 2.38 and significant different depending on participants' age, education level, previous encounter with any information about osteoporosis, preventive behavior of osteoporosis, bone mineral density test, fracture history, diet control experience, and regular exercise. In osteoporosis awareness level by five areas, preventive behaviors 2.76 resulted in the highest score and characteristics of osteoporosis 2.51, bone physiology 2.46, improving bone health 2.38, and risk factors 1.80 followed respectively. Conclusion: We should implement bone health programs from a various perspective in order to raise women's osteoporosis awareness. In addition, We need follow-up studies on whether or not the increase on awareness level actually would result in changing in their behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.351-358
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• 2016

This study surveyed the health professionals in Busan with regard to their awareness of nosocomial infection control. According to the conclusion of this study, first, the level of awareness and performance of personal hygiene management, equipment sanitation management, and cleaning and environmental management increased as the level of education decreased. Also, when it comes to personal hand-washing, the level of awareness was higher among workers in primary, secondary and other medical institutions, where as the level of performance was higher among the group of medical practitioners. The differences were statistically significant at a significance level of .001. Medical practitioners also showed a higher level of awareness and performance of hospital sanitation management, which was statistically significant. Overall, as the level of awareness was lower than the level of performance, it seems that individuals need to thoroughly practice infection control, and realistic improvement measures need to be devised.