• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study measures the effect of Information Technology (IT) on both cost and profit efficiency of State-owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs) in Bangladesh. Research design, data and methodology: Yearly Non-IT and IT data are collected from the annual report of SOCBs of Bangladesh from 2008 to 2017. Variable Return to Scale (VRS) cost Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Profit DEA are employed to measure the efficiency of SOCBs and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) is used to investigate the impacts of ICT components on operating cost and profit efficiency for SOCBs. Results: The average cost efficiency (74.4%) was noticed higher than the average profit efficiency (20.6%) for SOCBs. SOCBs were more affordable and less profitable for both cost and profit efficiency. Rupali bank was the most cost efficient while Sonali bank was the most profit efficient. IT Investment and IT personnel expenses were positively significant for cost efficiency. IT income, IT personnel, IT personnel expenses, ATM expenses, and Credit card expenses were negatively significant for profit efficiency. Conclusion: The further studies can combine DEA with machine learning algorithms to study the impact of IT on banks' performances. The results could aid government to remove the hindrance of progress in Bangladesh.

• 무역학회지
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

This study suggests improvements in the management performance of the five largest exhibition and convention centers in Korea through financial ratio analysis. For this research, the financial ratios of each center were compared to the average of the centers as well as to the overall industry average during the past five years. According to the analysis results, the stability and growth ratios of the centers were excellent, but the profitability and activity ratios were poor. In particular, the ratios of profitability were in state of urgent need for improvement because they were at the level of severe deficits. It was analyzed that sales increase can be the key factor to improve centers' operation income and net profit to improve profitability. This study recommends measures to increase sales by using centers' facilities and their functions. The first is to actively host large-scale international meetings and conventions that only exhibition and convention centers can accommodate. The second is to attract brand exhibitions through strategic alliances with global Professional Exhibition Organizers (PEOs). Lastly, it is to organize sports and cultural events that are appropriate for incentive tours of associations and corporations.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.7459-7466
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• 2013

Background: Some 60 years after introduction of the Papanicolaou smear worldwide, cervical cancer remains a burden in developing countries where >85% of world new cases and deaths occur, suggesting a failure to establish comprehensive cervical-cancer control programs. Effective interventions are available to control cervical cancer but are not all affordable in low-income settings. Disease awareness saves lives by risk-reduction as witnessed in reducing mortality of HIV/AIDS and smoking-related cancers. Subjects and Methods: We initiated a community-based awareness program on cervical cancer in two low-income Muslim Uyghur townships in Kashi (Kashgar) Prefecture, Xinjiang, China in 2008. The education involved more than 5,000 women from two rural townships and awareness was then evaluated in 2010 and 2011, respectively, using a questionnaire with 10 basic knowledge questions on cervical cancer. Demographic information was also collected and included in an EpiData database. A 10-point scoring system was used to score the awareness. Results: The effectiveness and feasibility of the program were evaluated among 4,475 women aged 19-70 years, of whom >92% lived on/below US$1.00/day. Women without prior education showed a poor average awareness rate of 6.4% (164/2,559). A onetime education intervention, however, sharply raised the awareness rate by 4-fold to 25.5% (493/1,916). Importantly, low income and illiteracy were two reliable factors affecting awareness before or after education intervention. Conclusions: Education intervention can significantly raise the awareness of cervical cancer in low-income women. Economic development and compulsory education are two important solutions in raising general disease awareness. We propose that implementing community-based awareness programs against cervical cancer is realistic, locally affordable and sustainable in low-income countries, which may save many lives over time and, importantly, will facilitate the integration of comprehensive programs when feasible. In this context, adopting this strategy may provide one good example of how to achieve "good health at low cost".

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 우리나라 19세 이상 성인의 사회경제적 수준에 따른 플라보노이드 섭취행태와 그에 따른 식생활 특성을 파악하기 위해 제 4 5기 국민건강영양조사 (2007~2012) 자료의 24시간 회상법 자료와 상용식품 중 플라보노이드 함량 데이터베이스를 연계하여, 1일 총 플라보노이드 및 개별 플라보노이드 (플라보놀, 플라본, 플라바논, 플라반-3-올, 안토시아닌, 프로안토시아닌, 이소플라본)의 섭취량을 추정하였다. 그 결과, 한국 19세 이상 성인의 1일 평균 총 플라보노이드 섭취량은 남자가 321.8 mg/d, 여자가 308.3 mg/d였으며, 남녀 모두에서 가구소득수준이 높을수록 플라본과 이소플라본을 제외한 개별 플라보노이드 및 개별 플라보노이드 섭취량이 증가하였고, 교육수준이 높을수록 플라보놀, 플라반-3-올, 안토시아닌 등의 개별 플라보노이드와 총 플라보노이드의 섭취량이 유의하게 증가하였다. 소득수준과 교육수준에 따라 플라보노이드 섭취량에 가장 큰 차이가 있었던 식품군은 음료류로, 가구소득 수준과 교육수준이 가장 높은 군은 가장 낮은 군에 비해 음료류로부터 섭취하는 총 플라보노이드가 각각 2.7~2.9배, 8.2~8.9배 가량 더 많았다. 가구소득수준과 교육수준이 복합적으로 플라보노이드 섭취에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과, 교육수준이 '대졸 이상'이면서, 가구소득수준이 상, 중 상인 군은 교육수준이 '중졸 이하'이면서 가구소득수준이 하, 중하인 군에 비해 플라보노이드 섭취량이 낮을 위험이 남자에서 63%, 여자에서 50% 더 적은 것으로 나타났다. 추후 사회경제적 수준에 따른 플라보노이드 섭취량과 임상적 지표 혹은 질병의 유병률 등과의 연관성에 대한 후속 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.49-69
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• 1986

This study aimed to fine out the rational quantity of kitchen utensils and appliances Questionnair was distributed to families of 469 of middle school students. I studied status of kitchen work centers, quantity and the kinds of kitchen utensils. The results were as follows. 1. the status of kitchen :1) The percentage of western style work centers was significantly higher than the average level of Seoul. 2) The length and the height of work centers were below standard. 3) Arrangement of work centers was relatively correct, however, the kinds of kitchen work centers were not fully equipped. 2. The quantity of kitchen utensils: The socio-economic status were the main factor of the quantity of kitchen utensils. Educational level, income level and floor space were strongly corrected to the quantity of kitchen utensils.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 1995

To determine contribution rate to matrimonial wealth accumulation of urban housewives, a survey was made toward them by using questionaires from September 1994 to October 1994. Three hundred-eighteen housewives were randomly selected from Pusan area. The results obtained were as follows. Average contributing rate to household income was 65.7 percent for husbands and 34.3 percent for wives. The contribution rates evaluated by themselves of wives were 38.1 percent for the house property; 36.5 percent for the savings; 9.6 percent for the real estate; 5.2 percent for the land; 9.3 percent for the stocks & bonds; and 9.2 percent for others. It is suggested that 50 percent and over 50 percent of matrimonial properties have to be recognized to the wives who changed their occupations to house work and employed wives, respectively.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.312-318
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• 2017

Purpose: In this study factors affecting quality of life in mothers who have children with precocious puberty were identified. Methods: The participants were 102 mothers of children with precocious puberty. From September 12 to September 30, 2016, data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS/WIN 22.0. Results: Regression analysis showed that the model's explanatory power was 45%(F=28.71, p<.001). Role stress (t=-4.83, p<.001), objective burden (t=-2.71, p<.001), and average monthly income (t=4.12, p<.001) were factors affecting quality of life among these mothers. The most influential factor was role stress (${\beta}=-.41$), which showed a negative correlation. Conclusion: Role stress and objective burden were major factors that decreased the quality of life in these. The findings indicate that effective strategy programs for reducing role stress and objective burden are necessary to improve the quality of life in mothers of children with precocious puberty.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권9호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of financial ratios as comparison analysis of households financial status. Two household types were discussed such as earner and self-employed. Financial ratios were developed for 2739 households for earners and 2147 households for self-employed using. Korean Household Panel Study from Daewoo Economic Research Center. Descriptive Statistics were used to analyze the financial ratios and seven different finantial ratios were utilized to compare the fiancial status of two different households type. Easers have more average income and net-assets than self-employed. However, using financial ratios, it was found that self-employed households were more stable than easer. The resets shows that the financial ratio analysis gives better tool to estimate households'financial status. Implications for financial educators, counselors, and planners are offered.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.762-771
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was undertaken in order to determine factors affecting health promoting lifestyle of elderly women. Method: The subjects were 299 elderly community residing women over the age 65 living in 2 large cities. The instruments used for this study were a survey of general characteristics, health promoting lifestyle(47items), perceived health status(6 items), self-efficacy(l7 items), and social support(18 items). The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and Stepwise Multiple Regression. Result: The result of the study are as follows: The average item score for the health promoting lifestyle was 2.46, the highest score on the subscale was interpersonal support(M=2.83). A significant difference between age, education level, income, experience of smoking, alcohol, exercise, and health promoting lifestyle were found. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting lifestyle was social support(55%). Conclusion: Social support accounted for 54% of the variance in health promoting lifestyle in the elderly women. Therefore, health promoting programs that increase social support should be developed to promote a healthy lifestyle of the elderly women.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1998

This study purpose to know the degree of adolescent consumer's conspicuous consumption how difference do adolescent consumers' conspicuous consumption have by socio demographic variables socio-psychological variables consumer ability. Therefore we suggest the adolescent consumer's sound consumption to consumer education. To approach to above purpose the research question are as the followings. 1) The average level of conspicuous consumption a little low median point. This implies that comsumer education is necessary for the adolescent consumer in order to reduce the level of conspicuous consumption. 2) Theadolescent consumers' consumption differs significantly according to the sex(p<0.05) monthly mean income of family(P<0.01) degree of taking in massmedia (P<0.01) subjective status on oneself(P<0.01) consumer socialization(P<0.01) 3) According to the results of the regression analysis examining the relative influences of variables affecting for conspicuous consumption the rela ive importance of the variables ; degree of taking in massmedia sex consumer knowledge communication with peers consumer attitude and the amount of allowance.