• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제29권7C호
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• pp.907-914
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 적응 변조 시스템에 수신안테나 교환(switching) 기술을 적용한 방식을 제안하고, 해당 방식이 제공하는 평균 비트 전송 속도를 최대로 하는 안테나 교환 임계값을 유도하였으며, 그에 따른 성능을 도출하였다. 아울러 제안한 시스템의 성능을 단일 안테나를 사용하는 적응 변조 시스템 그리고 안테나 선택 다이버시티(selection diversity)를 사용하는 적응 변조 시스템과 레일레이 페이딩 채널 환경에서 심볼 당 평균 비트 수와 송신 중단 확률 측면에서 비교하였다. 성능 비교 결과 심볼 당 평균 2 비트의 정보를 전달한다고 했을 때 제안한 방식은 단일 안테나를 사용하는 방식에 비해 1.4 dB의 SNR 이득이 있으며, 송신 중단 확률이 0.1일때 제안한 방식은 단일 안테나를 사용하는 방식에 비해 약 6 dB의 SNR 이득을 얻을 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

A nutrition study on weaned pigs using fermented soybean meal was done to determine the effect on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood profile and fecal microflora. A total of 100 weaning pigs with an initial average body weight (BW) of 8.27 ± 1.10 kg were randomly allotted into 1 of 2 dietary treatments in a 6-week feeding trial. There were 10 replicate pens in each treatment with 5 pigs per pen. The dietary treatments included: 1) control: Basal diet (CON); 2) fermented soybean meal (FSBM): Basal diet supplemented with 5% fermented soybean meal. The average daily feed intake (ADFI) was significantly improved (p < 0.05) with the dietary supplementation of the FSBM compared with the control meal during phase 2. The dietary supplementation with 5% FSBM had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on gain to feed ratio (G : F) during the overall experiment period. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that dietary supplementation of 5% fermented soybean meal improved the body weight and average daily gain (ADG), ADFI, and feed efficiency of the weaning pigs; however, there were no supplementation effects on total tract digestibility of dry matter (DM), nitrogen, energy, blood profile and fecal microflora.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.381-399
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• 2004

Statistical process control (SPC) and engineering process control (EPC) are based on different strategies for process quality improvement. SPC re-duces process variability by detecting and eliminating special causes of process variation, while EPC reduces process variability by adjusting compensatory variables to keep the quality variable close to target. Recently there has been need for an integrated process control (IPC) procedure which combines the two strategies. This paper considers a scheme that simultaneously applies SPC and EPC techniques to reduce the variation of a process. The process model under consideration is an IMA(1,1) model with a step shift. The EPC part of the scheme adjusts the process, while the SPC part of the scheme detects the occurrence of a special cause. For adjusting the process repeated adjustment is applied according to the predicted deviation from target. For detecting special causes the exponentially weighted moving average control chart is applied to the observed deviations. It was assumed that the adjustment under the presence of a special cause may increase the process variability or change the system gain. Reasonable choices of parameters for the IPC procedure are considered in the context of the mean squared deviation as well as the average run length.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.677-685
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• 2018

Weaning pigs often face post-weaning challenges such as diarrhea, low feed intake, and body weight (BW) loss which affects the health and economic value of weaning pigs. Interestingly, the use of yeast cultures (YCs) as feed supplements for pigs has increased markedly in recent years. This study evaluated the effects of yeast cultures (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the growth performance, fecal score, and nutrient digestibility of weaning pigs. A total of 50 crossed healthy weaning pigs [(Yorkshire ${\times}$ Landrace) ${\times}$ Duroc] with an average BW of $7.46{\pm}1.60kg$ (28 day of age) were used in a 6-week experiment. The experiment was divided into 3 phases (Phase 1, 1 - 2 weeks; Phase 2, 2 - 4 weeks; Phase 3, 4 - 6 weeks). Dietary treatments were as follows: 1) CON: basal diet and 2) CON + 0.50% YC. During phase 1, the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the weaning pigs fed YC supplementation diets compared with the weaning pigs fed the CON diet. During phase 3 as well as overall, the gain/feed ratio (G/F) was significantly increased (p < 0.05) in the YC supplementation group compared with the pigs fed the CON diet. In conclusion, the supplementation of YCs in the diet positively affected the growth performance of weaning pigs during the first two weeks after weaning.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 1998

사료에 한방 생약 제재인 어보산을 첨가하여 틸라피아의 성장을 향상시키고, 사료 계수의 개선을 통한 나일틸라피아의 양식 생산성을 향상시키기 위하여 수행한 실험 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 사료내 어보산 첨가 농도에 따른 자어의 성장. 어보산 첨가구는 대조구에 비해 어체중 성장, 증체율, 일일 성장률 및 사료 계수가 향상되었다. 첨가구중에서는 0.25%, 0.5% 및 1.0% 첨가구가 2.0%에 비해 어체중 성장, 증체율, 일일 성장률이 높았고 사료 계수는 0.25% 첨가구가 가장 낮았다. 2. 사료내 어보산 0.3% 첨가에 따른 중간 육성어 및 성어의 성장. 어보산 첨가구는 대조구에 비해 어체중 성장, 증체율, 일일 성장률및 사료 계수가 유의하게 좋았다. 3. 어보산이 첨가된 사료를 공급한 실험구의 체조성 분석. 실험어의 등 근육과 간의 단백질, 수분, 지방 및 회분 함량은 대조구와 유의한 차이가 없었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.374-383
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• 2013

본 논문은 Main 안테나와 LTE 대역을 커버하는 Sub 안테나로 구성되어 있는 휴대단말기의 접지면에 스터브를 삽입하여 격리 특성을 향상시킬 수 있는 설계법을 제안한다. 제안된 안테나의 공진 길이를 보상하고 높은 격리 특성을 실현하기 위해, 한 쌍의 스터브가 전류가 수렴되는 접지면 위에 삽입되었다. LTE class 13 대역에서 스터브가 없는 안테나의 모의 실험된 격리 특성은 약 -5 dB였으나, 두 개의 스터브를 가진 제안된 안테나의 격리 특성은 LTE class 13의 uplink(777~787 MHz)와 downlink(746~756 MHz)에서 약 -12 dB와 약 -15 dB의 높은 격리 특성을 나타냈다. 제작된 두 개의 스터브를 가진 안테나의 평균 이득은 약 -2 dBi 이상으로 상업용 휴대단말기에 요구되는 -4 dBi보다 좋은 결과를 보였다. 측정된 산란 파라미터 특성과 방사 패턴은 모의 실험결과와 합리적인 일치를 보였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권11호
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• pp.1484-1490
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• 2004

Mitochondrial DNA haplotypes from the displacement-loop (D-loop) region (436 bp) were genotyped and sequenced in Japanese Black beef cattle raised in the same herd. Correlation coefficients between mitochondrial DNA haplotypes, maternal lineage, birth weight, preweaning average daily gain, weaning weight, post weaning average daily gain and yearling weight were computed. The objective was to study the relationship between maternal and postnatal growth traits and to investigate if postnatal growth of calves to yearling age could be accurately predicted from mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. Results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed 17 maternal lineages and four mitochondrial DNA haplotypes. There were strong, positive and highly significant (p<0.001) correlations among maternal traits ranging from 0.52 to 0.98. Similarly, among postnatal growth traits, most of the correlations were also strong, positive and highly significant (p<0.001); the highest correlation of 0.94 was between preweaning average daily gain and weaning weight. However, correlations between mitochondrial DNA haplotypes and postnatal growth traits were very low, mostly negative and non-significant (p>0.05) ranging from -0.05 to 0.1. Prediction of postnatal growth from mitochondrial DNA yielded very low $R^{2}$ values ranging from 0.002 to 0.019. It was concluded that mitochondrial DNA polymorphism has no significant association with postnatal growth from birth to yearling age, and by implication, nuclear rather than cytoplasmic DNA, accounts for most of the genetic variation observed in postnatal growth of Japanese Black cattle. Therefore, mitochondrial DNA genotyping at an early age has no bearing on the accurate prediction of the future growth performance of calves.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.137-148
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• 2021

일련의 분석결과 10~23개월령 한우 거세우의 일당 증체량이 도체 성적에 미치는 영향이 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 한우 생산성 향상과 영양 및 사양관리 전략 수립에 기초 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2023

A total of 96 weanling pigs with an initial body weight of 5.96 ± 0.08 kg were randomly allocated to two dietary treatments and fed experimental weaning diets for 36 days in three phases; phase 1: day 1 to 7; phase 2: day 8 to 21, and phase 3: day 22 to 36. Treatments consisted of a basal diet (CON) containing 334.0 g/kg dried whey versus a lactic acid (LA) supplemented diet containing 313.6 g/kg dried whey with 10 g/kg LA during phase 1; a CON diet containing 200.0 g/kg dried whey versus an LA diet containing 186.0 g/kg dried whey with 7 g/kg LA during phase 2. During phase 3, both CON and LA groups were fed a diet without dried whey and LA. Pigs fed the LA diet had a higher average daily feed intake ADFI (p = 0.014) and reduced (p = 0.035) gain-feed ratio compared to pigs fed CON diet in phase 2. In phase 3, the average daily gain and feed intake were both increased (p = 0.026 and; p = 0.010, respectively) in the pigs previously fed the LA diet than those fed the CON diet. The apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter and, nitrogen, and the digestible energy were decreased (p < 0.05) in the LA diet group on day 7; however, increased (p < 0.05) digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen and digestible energy was observed at the end of phase 2 and 3. In conclusion, the inclusion of LA was inferred to have improved the average daily gain, feed intake, and nutrient digestibility during the late weanling period of pigs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.395-399
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• 1999

Three experiments were conducted to determine the effects of conditioning a complex (20% whey, 10% lactose, 4% plasma protein, 4% wheat gluten and 2% blood meal) diet on growth performance of weanling pigs. In Exp. 1,180 pigs (average initial BW of 6.4 kg) were fed the experimental diet (1.7% lysine) during a 7-d growth assay. Treatments were a meal control (M), standard (ST), and expander (EX) conditioned mash or pellets. Rate and efficiency of gain were decreased by 39% and 21% (p<0.005) respectively, for pigs fed EX diets compared to those fed the ST diet. In Exp. 2,196 pigs (average initial BW of 6.5 kg) were used to determine the effects of EX operating conditions on nutritional value of a pelleted complex diet. When steam conditioning temperature (prior to expanding) was $54^{\circ}C$, increasing cone pressure of the EX from 0 to 7 to 14 kg/cm2 resulted in linear decreases in rate of gain of weaned pigs (p<0.006), suggesting heat damage of the diet. Increasing conditioning temperature (i.e., adding steam) of the diets from 46 to 54 to $63^{\circ}C$ (cone pressure at $12kg/cm^2$) resulted in improved rate of gain (p<0.04) of the pigs. However, none of the pigs fed expanded diets compared favorably to the pigs fed the conditioned $(54^{\circ}C)$ pellets processed with no cone pressure. In Exp. 3,168 pigs (average initial BW of 6.6 kg) were used to determine the effects of expanding the various components of the diet. Treatments were M and ST pellets as controls, EX-corn, EX-corn soybean-meal, EX corn-soybean meal-oil, and EX-complete diet. Efficiency of gain was increased by 13% with EX portions of the diet compared to the mash control, but there was a marked decrease in performance when the complete diet was expanded (p<0.001). Expanded corn-soybean meal-oil supported the greatest ADG with a 19% increase compared to the average of the EX corn and EX corn-soybean meal treatments (p<0.005). In conclusion, our results suggest no benefit from expanding complete phase-I diets.