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델파이 기법을 이용한 정성적 공법 선정 요인의 정량적 평가 분석 (Quantified Evaluation on the Qualitative Criteria for the Selection of Appropriate Concrete Slab Form-works for Residential Buildings)

  • 이경석;이태희;신영근;김태형;한승우
    • 한국건축시공학회지
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    • 제11권2호
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    • pp.136-144
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    • 2011
  • 콘크리트 구조물의 골조공사에서의 주요 공정 중 하나인 거푸집 공사는 전체 건축공사의 공사기간 및 공사비 측면에서 상당 부분을 차지하고 있다. 하지만 공사현장의 조건을 고려한 거푸집의 적정시스템 선정은 현재까지 현장실무자의 경험에만 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 거푸집 공법 선정 요인에 대한 정량화된 분석을 바탕으로 슬래브 거푸집 중 신공법과 기존 공법을 선정하여 각 공법의 성능을 정량화된 분석데이터를 바탕으로 평가했다. 이를 통하여 각 공법들의 정성적 항목에 대한 정량화된 평가점수를 산출하여 슬래브 거푸집의 현장 적용성에 대한 평가 방안을 제시하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서 사용된 델파이 기법의 방법론은 다른 공법들의 선정, 평가에도 사용될 것이라 사료된다.

계층분석과정을 이용한 최적 호안공법 선정 (Optimal Design of Bank Protection Work Using Analytic Hierarchy Process)

  • 이재문;이상일
    • 한국수자원학회논문집
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    • 제41권6호
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    • pp.619-628
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    • 2008
  • 하천의 호안은 제방 또는 호안을 유수에 의한 파괴와 침식으로부터 보호하기 위한 구조물로서 과거에는 치수 목적만 갖고 기술자의 주관이나 경험적 판단에 기초해 공법을 선정함으로써 시공한 후 여러 문제점들이 발생하였다. 그러나 현재는 치수뿐만 아니라 환경적 측면이 강조되면서 자연형 호안이 필요하게 되고, 호안종류가 다양해져 호안 공법 선정시 보다 객관적이고 정량적인 해석방법이 필요하게 되었다. 본 연구에서는 호안공법 선정시 기존의 방법에서 문제가 되었던 주관적, 경험적 요소를 최대한 배제하기 위해 안정성, 경제성, 시공성, 친환경성에 대한 세부기준 및 표준화 절차를 제시하고, 최적호안공법 선정에 계층분석과정을 도입하였다. 이로써 실무에서 최적의 호안공법을 선택함에 있어 보다 객관적이고 합리적인 판단의 수단을 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

Essential Occupational Safety and Health Interventions for Low- and Middle-income Countries: An Overview of the Evidence

  • Verbeek, Jos;Ivanov, Ivan
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • 제4권2호
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    • pp.77-83
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    • 2013
  • There is still a considerable burden of occupational diseases and injuries in the world. It is not well known which interventions can effectively reduce the exposures at work that cause this burden. The objective of this article is to summarize evidence from systematic reviews of interventions to prevent occupational diseases and injuries. We included systematic reviews of interventions to reduce the incidence of work-related cancer, dust-related diseases, occupational asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, noise induced hearing loss, back pain, and occupational injuries. We searched Medline and Embase with predefined search strategies to locate systematic reviews of these interventions. We found 23 systematic reviews of which the results are also applicable to low- and middle income countries. Effective measures to reduce exposure leading to work-related cancer, dust-related diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, noise, and injuries are available. However, better implementation of these measures is needed. Regulation, enforcement of regulation, and incentives for employers are effective interventions to achieve this goal. There is evidence that feedback and rewards for workers help in reducing occupational injuries. There is no evidence in many studies that back pain can be prevented. Personal protective equipment technically has the potential to reduce exposure but this is difficult to put into effect. There is no evidence in the studies regarding the effectiveness of education and training, preventive drugs, or health examinations. There is evidence that the implementation of technical measures enforced by regulation can prevent occupational diseases and injuries. For other interventions such as education or health examinations, there is no evidence that supports their effectiveness. More systematic reviews are needed in the area of injury prevention.

신생아 집중치료실 간호사의 이직의도에 미치는 영향요인 (Factors Affecting Turnover Intention of Nurses Working in Neonatal Intensive Care Units)

  • 전선화;이미향;심문숙;임효남
    • 임상간호연구
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the factors affecting turnover intention of the nurses working in neonatal intensive care units, including the extent of fatigue, work stresses, and work overload related to infection control. Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study to test factors affecting the turnover intention of the nurses working in neonatal intensive care units. Data was analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearsons' Correlation Coefficient, and multiple regressions by using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 Program(IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: The turnover intention of nurses had a positive correlation with the extent of fatigue (r=.54, p<.001), work stress (r=.40, p<.001), and with the work overload (r=.43, p<.001) related to infection control. In addition, factors affecting the turnover intention of nurses included the extent of fatigue (β=.52, p<.001) related to infection control and the number of pediatric patients assigned to each nurse (β=.26, p=.001) and the variances explained by the regression model was 37.0%. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish and implement strategies to lower the extent of fatigue related to infection control by reducing the nurses' workload. Securing additional nurses to ensure an appropriate number of pediatric patients assigned to each nurse, and providing efficient management and available resources to reduce the turnover intention of nurses working in neonatal intensive care units are suggested.

A Study on the Awareness of Dental Hygienists on Maternity Protection and Work-Family Balance Assistance Policy

  • Seon-Hui Kwak;Bo-Mi Shin;Soo-Myoung Bae
    • 치위생과학회지
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    • 제23권4호
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    • pp.396-407
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    • 2023
  • Background: This study investigated the awareness and utilization of maternity protection and work-family balance support policies among dental hygienists in dental hospitals and clinics. Methods: We surveyed 200 dental hygienists. Twenty-two who did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, leaving 178 participants for analysis. The self-administered 48-item questionnaire gathered information on demographics, workplace details, policy awareness, government knowledge, and suggestions for improvement. Results: Awareness of maternity and family support programs significantly differed with age, marital status, number of children, and clinical experience. Dental hygienists in general hospitals and university hospitals reported greater ease of utilizing these policies compared to those in dental clinics. Among the participants, 27.7% took pre- and post-maternity leave, 26.6% took parental leave, 16.9% had reduced working hours during pregnancy, 15.8% had reduced working hours during childhood,and 8.5% during family leave. To promote program uptake, participants suggested mandatory implementation across workplaces (68.4%), expanded support for substitute workers (48.6%), and increased education and promotion of government support (42.4%). Conclusion: While most dental hygienists were aware of the Maternity Protection and Work-Family Balance Assistance Policy, utilizing it proved challenging due to several factors. Organizational policies or practices may not fully implement this policy, while workplace culture could discourage its use. Unfair treatment and the lack of available substitutes further hindered access. To prevent career interruptions for dental hygienists due to pregnancy, childbirth, childcare, and family care, and to maintain career continuity, the dental community and government should establish a multifaceted social support system. This system should prioritize several key areas: strengthening policy promotion, fostering a family-friendly atmosphere, improving management and supervision of policy implementation and developing a robust support system for substitute personnel.

Anatomy of Sentiment Analysis of Tweets Using Machine Learning Approach

  • Misbah Iram;Saif Ur Rehman;Shafaq Shahid;Sayeda Ambreen Mehmood
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • 제23권10호
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    • pp.97-106
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    • 2023
  • Sentiment analysis using social network platforms such as Twitter has achieved tremendous results. Twitter is an online social networking site that contains a rich amount of data. The platform is known as an information channel corresponding to different sites and categories. Tweets are most often publicly accessible with very few limitations and security options available. Twitter also has powerful tools to enhance the utility of Twitter and a powerful search system to make publicly accessible the recently posted tweets by keyword. As popular social media, Twitter has the potential for interconnectivity of information, reviews, updates, and all of which is important to engage the targeted population. In this work, numerous methods that perform a classification of tweet sentiment in Twitter is discussed. There has been a lot of work in the field of sentiment analysis of Twitter data. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the most standard and widely applicable techniques for opinion mining that are based on machine learning and lexicon-based along with their metrics. The proposed work is helpful to analyze the information in the tweets where opinions are highly unstructured, heterogeneous, and polarized positive, negative or neutral. In order to validate the performance of the proposed framework, an extensive series of experiments has been performed on the real world twitter dataset that alter to show the effectiveness of the proposed framework. This research effort also highlighted the recent challenges in the field of sentiment analysis along with the future scope of the proposed work.

학습근로자의 학업성취도에 미치는 영향 (Factors Influencing the Academic Achievement of Student Workers)

  • 명재규
    • 실천공학교육논문지
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.227-239
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    • 2024
  • 본 연구는 학위연계형 일학습병행제를 통해 직업능력향상을 위한 교육훈련을 받고 있는 학습근로자의 학습성과에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위해 대학 학위과정 입학과 선발 단계에서 고려할 수 있는 다양한 요인들과 입학 이후 대학의 평점평균점수와의 인과관계를 찾아보는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 국내 K대학교의 학위연계형 일학습병행제의 모델인 일학습병행대학의 3개 학부과정생 976명의 역사적 입학자료와 평점평균자료를 통해 회귀분석과 분산분석을 진행했다. 분석의 질을 확보하기 위하여 추가로 공개된 기업정보 데이터베이스에서 학습근로자의 학점에 영향을 미칠 것으로 추정되는 기업정보를 포함했다. 분석 결과 출신고등학교의 분류, 성별, 가정환경요소, 고등학교 교과목별 등급, 회사의 재직기간, 입학당시의 연령 등 다양한 요소에서 유의미한 인과관계를 찾을 수 있었으며 이를 바탕으로 동일한 학위과정을 운용하는 대학에서는 학습근로자 선발절차의 업그레이드를 할 수 있으리라 기대한다. 추가로 본 연구결과는 향후 학위연계형 일학습병행제의 정책적 제언을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Long-Term Investigation of Regional Topographic Effects on Soil Chemical Properties and Heavy Metal Concentrations in Paddy Fields

  • Ahn, Byung-Koo;Kang, Seong-Soo;Shin, Jae-Yeon;Lee, Jin-Ho
    • 한국토양비료학회지
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    • 제45권5호
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    • pp.738-743
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    • 2012
  • Topographic conditions of agricultural fields work as a important factor to identify different soil properties. This study was conducted to investigate the selected soil chemical properties and the concentrations of heavy metals, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn, in the paddy fields of different topographic areas at four year intervals from 1999 to 2011. Three-hundred soil sampling sites in the paddy fields were selected from the different topographic areas that were local valley and fans, fluvio-marine deposits, alluvial plains, and diluvial terraces. The mean values of soil pH ranged 5.7~5.8 that were within optimal range for rice cultivation. The mean values of other properties such as soil organic matter (SOM) content, the concentrations of exchangeable cations, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, and $Mg^{2+}$, and available silicate concentration were lower or close to the optimal values, but the mean concentrations of available phosphorus were exceeded the range of optimal value, $80{\sim}120mg\;kg^{-1}$, in many paddy fields. In particular, The concentrations of available phosphorus in the paddy fields of local valley and fans, alluvial plains, and fluvio-marine plains were mostly declined. However, in diluvial terrace areas, the phosphorus concentrations unexpectedly increased; furthermore, they were significantly higher than those in other topographic areas. The mean concentrations of 0.1 M HCl-extractable heavy metals, Cd, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, and Zn, in the paddy fields were slightly and gradually declined during the study years, but the Pb concentrations were not statistically changed. In addition, the concentrations of heavy metals were widely ranged depending on the different sampling sites. Nevertheless, the concentrations of heavy metals were significantly lower than the levels of Soil Contamination Warning Standard (SCWS) for agricultural lands (1-region) presented in Soil Environment Conservation Law (SECL).

이종 인지 라디오 네트워크에서 협력 스펙트럼 센싱 및 동적 스펙트럼 결정 방법 (A Cooperative Spectrum Sensing and Dynamic Spectrum Decision Methods for Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Network)

  • 김남선
    • 한국통신학회논문지
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    • 제37권7A호
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    • pp.560-568
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    • 2012
  • 인지 라디오가 무선통신을 효과적으로 수행하기 위해서, 가장 좋은 주파수 대역을 얻기 위해 수행해야 할 중요한 기능은 스펙트럼을 검출하고 결정하는 것이다. 이러한 것들은 서로 다른 요구조건을 갖는 사용자들이나 서로 다른 특성들을 갖는 채널들이 존재하는 이종 네트워크에서 더욱 나빠진다. 본 연구의 주요한 목적은 이종 인지 무선 네트워크에서 새로운 스펙트럼 결정 알고리즘을 설계하고 분석한다. 이것을 위해, 우선 인지 사용자들을 그들이 요구하는 서비스 품질(QoS)에 따라 서로 다른 트래픽 클래스들로 분류한다. 중앙 집중형 제어 형태로 동작하는 그룹단위의 협력 스펙트럼 검출은 하나의 트래픽 클래스내의 사용자들에 의해서 검출과정이 수행되며, 이 센싱 결과들은 나머지 트래픽 사용자들과 공유하는 형태이다. 다음은 사용자 요구조건들과 검출된 스펙트럼 채널 특성들에 따라 최적의 사용 가능한 대역을 선택하기 위해 계층 분석법(AHP)을 사용한다. 또한 스펙트럼 결정 알고리즘으로 효용함수를 사용한다. 시뮬레이션 분석 결과로서, 제안된 시스템은 가장 좋은 이용 가능한 스펙트럼 채널들을 효율적으로 선택할 수 있음을 보여주며, 시스템 구성의 복잡성을 감소시켜 줄 수 있음을 보여준다.

Design and comparative study of various Two-Dimensional Grain Configurations based on Optimization Method

  • Nisar, Khurram;Liang, Guozhu
    • 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국추진공학회 2008년 영문 학술대회
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    • pp.226-234
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    • 2008
  • Grain design has always been a vital and integral part of Solid Rocket Motor(SRM) design. Basing on the design objectives set by the system designer, the SRM designer has many options available for selecting the Grain configuration. Many of the available configurations may fulfill the required parameters of volumetric loading fraction, web fraction & Length to diameter ratios and produce internal ballistic results that may be in accordance to the design objectives. However, for any given set of design objectives, it is deemed necessary that best possible configuration be selected, designed and optimized. Hence optimal results of all applicable configurations are vital to be attained in order to compare and finalize the design that will produce most efficient performance. Generally the engineers pay attention and have skills on a specific grain configuration. The designing methodologies and computer codes available usually focus on single grain configuration may it be Star, Wagon Wheel or slotted tube. Hardly one can find a software or a design methodology where all such configurations can be worked on jointly and not only adequate designs be found but optimal solutions reached by applying an optimization method to find final design best suited for any design objective. In the present work design requirements have been set, grain configurations have been selected and their designing has been conducted. The internal ballistic parameters have been calculated and after finding the preliminary design solutions, the optimal solutions have been found. In doing so, software has been developed comprising of computer programs for designing the 2D grains including Star, Wagon Wheel and Slotted Tube configurations. The optimization toolbox of Matlab Fmincon has been used for getting optimal solutions. The affects of all the independent geometric design variables on the optimized solutions have been analyzed. Based on results attained from Optimization Method, an in depth comparison of Grain Configurations and analysis of performance prediction outputs have been conducted to come to conclusion as to which grain configuration is ideal for the current design requirement under study.

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