• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.7-14
• /
• 2008

400RT geothermal system which is the biggest capacity among on-operations at present in Korea is measured and evaluated on 23rd${\sim}$26th Jan. 2008 during those days building is not allowed owners and/or tenants to move in. The geothermal system is consist with vertical-typed 112 geothermal heat exchangers which are installed circle-like 1 row with 4m interval, and has 16 units of 25USRT geothermal-source heat pump(GSHP)s. And each 5 units of circulation pump are running for geothermal heat exchangers and hot water supplies. The followings are the results. The temperatures at G.L. -70m of 2 boreholes are varied quite similarly. The average temperature difference between inlet and outlet of geothermal pipes is $4.1^{\circ}C$, and that of hot water supply is $3.2^{\circ}C$, of Zone 3's each 4 GSHPs when being operated. Despite temperature fluctuations by heating loads, the average temperature difference between main pipes of inlet and outlet of geothermal heat exchangers is measured as $4.1^{\circ}C$. This study propose "Geothermal System COP" which includes not only consumed electric power by compressor but also circulation pumps and auxiliary utilities. By comparing the geothermal system COP with GSHP's performance specification, it is clear that the performances of GHSPs of this site are satisfied with the specification.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.241-245
• /
• 2013

기존 전동차 제어시스템의 경우에는 종합제어장치를 통하여 차량 내의 각종 정보를 운전자 화면에 현시하여 운전자가 차량의 상태를 감시하도록 구성되어 있다. 그러나 차량고장 등과 같이 갑작스런 사고가 발생할 경우에는 운전자가 당황하여 정확한 고장조치를 하기 어려운 것이 현실이다. 또한 제동제어기 및 보조전원장치 등 주요장치들의 제어정보를 분석하기 위하여 차량이 기지에 입고되고 난 후에 유지보수원이 현장에서 일일이 수동으로 데이터를 저장하는 매우 비효율적인 유지보수시스템으로 운영되고 있다. 이러한 점을 개선하기 위해서는 차량 내에 센서통신네트워크 및 감시시스템을 설치하여 차량 내의 모든 정보를 실시간으로 송수신하는 시스템을 구축하여야 한다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 시스템 구축을 위하여 전동차 제어 및 감시시스템의 표준화 방안을 제시함으로써, 이를 통해 차량시스템의 안전성을 향상하고 유지보수를 보다 효율적으로 개선하고자 한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권12호
• /
• pp.629-635
• /
• 2019

자주포는 운용 특성상 정차상태에서 구동하기 때문에 엔진을 사용할 만큼 많은 에너지가 필요하지 않다. 이와 같은 문제점을 보완하기 위하여 성능개량된 자주포에는 보조동력장치(APU)를 설치하였다. APU를 통하여 엔진의 불필요한 가동을 줄일 수 있고, 이는 엔진의 수명을 늘릴 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 APU 내부 엔진룸의 열 유동을 최적화하기 위하여 Fan과 오일쿨러 적용에 따른 영향을 분석하였다. 열유동 해석을 수행하기 위하여 대기환경과 일사량은 MIL-STD-810을 적용하였다. 흡입구/배출구 Fan을 적용한 경우(Case1), 흡입구 Fan과 오일쿨러를 적용한 경우(Case2), 흡입구/배출구 Fan과 오일쿨러를 적용한 경우(Case3) 3가지에 대하여 열유동을 해석하였다. 해석결과 Case3의 실린더 헤드 온도가 Case1 보다 21.4℃, Case2 보다 8.0℃ 낮은 것을 확인하였다. 해석결과에 대한 타당성을 검토하기 위하여 동일 외기조건에서 실험을 진행하였다. 해석수치와 실험결과가 7%이하의 차이를 나타냈다. 이를 통하여 APU 열유동 최적화 모델이 설계조건을 만족하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 추후 개발하는 타 군용 APU 열유동 최적화에 대한 기초자료로 사용될 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2015

최근에 국제해사기구(IMO)에서 선박 평형수 처리장치(Ballast water treatment system, BWTS)와 관련된 국제 규정을 강화함에 따라 이에 대응할 수 있는 BWTS 기술개발의 중요성이 대두되고 있다. 지금까지는 세계 각국에서 선박 평형수 처리기술을 처리방식에 따라 크게 물리적 방식(막분리, 원심분리, 자외선 등)과 화학적 처리방식(염소처리, 오존처리, 화확약품 등)으로 개발하여 왔으나, 기존의 기술 방식들은 추가적인 구동전력, 낮은 생산성, 잔류처리 문제 등으로 기술적인 보완이나 대안이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 기존과는 다른 새로운 방식의 기계식 방식 평형수 처리장치의 설계를 위한 유동해석 연구이다. 고속 회전하는 몇 가지 디스크 형상에 따라 유동에서 발생하는 여러 가지 유동특성을 전산유체해석(CFD)를 통하여 분석하였다. 평판형 및 계단형 형상에서는 반경을 따라서 국부적으로 공동현상이 발생가능하며, 원주형에서는 전단응력 강도를 높일 수 있었다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 2006년도 제33회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
• /
• pp.260-265
• /
• 2006

An experimental study on the catalytic reformer adopted in the auxiliary power unit system of solid oxide fuel cell was conducted. A 3-fluid nozzle, by which liquid fuel such as diesel, water and air are sprayed and uniformed mixed, was designed and used in this study. An electrically heated monolith inserted in the reformer was used for the vaporization of fuel and water in the transient state of reformer. The reformer uses the partial oxidizing reaction at the catalyst and the supply of water prevents the flame combustion in the spraying zone and lessens the deactivation of catalyst. The result showed that the reforming of liquid fuel can be started by the electrically heated monolith and the 3-fluid nozzle can give the uniform mixing of fuel, water and air. It was also found that the reformer fueled by n-hexadecane can make the reformate, at best, containing $H_2$ at 15.5% and CO at 11.5% that are used as fuel in the solid oxide fuel cell.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제16권1호
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2011

HRSG (Heat Recovery Steam Generator) is a boiler to recover heat from the exhaust gas of an engine and to generate steam for more power generation or process. For the HRSG, water-tube type boiler is commonly adopted to accommodate the working pressure or capacity requirement of the system. The water-tube type boiler has a steam drum to separate steam from the water-steam mixture supplied from the evaporator tube (riser). The drum should be sized properly to separate the steam by the gravity and auxiliary internals, such as a demister, which are installed to filter the steam. To size the steam drum and to estimate the filter efficiency of drum internals, the velocity distribution inside the drum needs to be identified. In the present study, a series of CFD has been conducted to find the velocity distributions inside steam drums for conventional HRSGs and water-tube type industrial boilers. The velocity distributions obtained from the simulation have been normalized and a correlation to predict them has been found. The correlation is applied to the steam drum design by determining a proper position of a demister to show proper separation performance.

• 전기학회논문지
• /
• 제66권8호
• /
• pp.1207-1214
• /
• 2017

In the case of frequent braking, when driving downhill or long distance, conventional brakes using friction are problematic in braking safety due to brake rupture and fading phenomenon. Therefore auxiliary brakes is essential for heavy vehicles. And several research has been actively conducted to improve energy efficiency by regenerating mechanical energy into electric energy when the vehicles brake. In this paper, a voltage control method is utilized to recover the electric energy generated in the electromagnetic retarder instead of the eddy current. To regenerate the braking energy into the electrical energy, a resonant L-C circuit is configured in the retarder. The retarder can be modeled as self-excited induction generator due to its operating principle. The driving conditions according to the retarder's parameters are made into 3-D maps. Also, the voltage of the resonant circuit changing depending on the driving pulse applied to the FET was analyzed. For the control of this voltage, we proposed an algorithm using the PI controller. The controlled voltage is converted by a 3-phase AC/DC converter and then charged to a battery inside the heavy vehicles through a DC/DC converter. Electromagnetic retarder and its controller are validated using Matlab Simulink. We also demonstrate the voltage controller through the actual M-G set experiment.

• 에너지공학
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.93-100
• /
• 2003

An estimation methodology of the mass and energy (M/E) release due to the main steam line break (MSLB) has been developed with the RETRAN-3D code. In the case of equipment qualification (EQ), the over-estimated temperature would exceed the design limits of some cables or valves. In order to have a more flexible EQ profiles from the MSLB M/E release, the methodology with the best-estimated code was used. The major conditions affecting the MSLB M/E were found to be the initial SG level, heat transfer between primary and secondary sides, power level, operable protection system, main or auxiliary feedwater availability, and break conditions. The RETRAN-3D models were developed for the Kori unit 1 (KRN-1) which is typical two loop Westinghouse (WH) designed plant. Particularly, a detailed model of the steam generators was developed to estimate a more realistic two-phase heat transfer effect of the steam flow. After the modeling, the methodology has been developed through the sensitivity analyses. The M/E release data generated from the analyses have been used as the input to the inside containment pressure and temperature (P/T) analysis. According to the results at the point of view containment P/T, the Kori unit 1 can have more margin of 5∼15 ㎪ in pressure and 8∼15$^{\circ}C$ in temperature.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.52-60
• /
• 2016

The Passive Auxiliary Feedwater System(PAFS) is one of the advanced safety concepts adopted in the Advanced Power Reactor Plus(APR+). To validate the operational performance of the PAFS, detailed understanding of a boiling heat transfer on horizontal tube outside is of great importance. Especially, in the mechanistic boiling heat transfer model, it is important to visualize the phenomena but there are some limitations with conventional experimental approaches. In the present study, we devised a heater based on the Flexible Printed Circuit Board (FPCB) for a more comprehensive visualization and subsequently, a digital image processing technique for the bubble motion measurement was established. Using the measurement technique, important parameters of the nucleate boiling are analyzed.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 2005

When the pumps are started or stopped for the operation or tripped due to the power failure, the hydraulic transients occur as a result of the sudden change in velocity. The field tests on the waterhammer were carried out for Pangyo booster pumping station in which had six booster pumps and two in-line pumps with the motor of output 1,700 kW, respectively. The booster pumping station was equipped with the pump control valve as the main surge suppression device, and the surge relief valve as auxiliary one. But the pump control valve had not early controlled in the planned closing mode, the slamming occurred to the valve of which abruptly closed during the large reverse flow. Because the positive pressure wave caused by the pump failure was superposed on the slam surge, the upsurge increased so extremely that the pump control valve was damaged. After the air chambers were additionally installed in the booster pumping station, it was preyed that the water supply system acquire the safety and reliability on the pressure surge.