• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2020

Artificial intelligence (AI) is expected to bring about a wide range of changes in the industry, based on the assessment that it is the most innovative technology in the last three decades. The manufacturing field is an area in which various artificial intelligence technologies are being applied, and through accumulated data analysis, an optimal operation method can be presented to improve the productivity of manufacturing processes. In addition, AI technologies are being used throughout all areas of manufacturing, including product design, engineering, improvement of working environments, detection of anomalies in facilities, and quality control. This makes it possible to easily design and engineer products with a fast pace and provides an efficient working and training environment for workers. Also, abnormal situations related to quality deterioration can be identified, and autonomous operation of facilities without human intervention is made possible. In this paper, AI technologies used in smart factories, such as the trends in generative product design, smart workbench and real-sense interaction guide technology for work and training, anomaly detection technology for quality control, and intelligent manufacturing facility technology for autonomous production, are analyzed.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 협조 작업하는 로봇 시스템의 제어에 이용되는 자율도를 조정하여 인간 작업자와 로봇 시스템이 효과적으로 역할을 분담하게 함으로써 전체 시스템의 작업 능력을 최대로 이끌어내는 방법을 제시한다. 인간 조작자와 로봇 시스템은 각기 다른 특성과 장점을 갖는데, 이 장점들을 체계적으로 결합하면 현재 기술로는 완전한 자동화가 어려운 작업의 영역에까지 로봇을 활용하여 효율을 극대화할 수 있다. 인간 조작자가 로봇이 처리하기 어려운 작업을 담당하거나 사전에 프로그램하기 어려운 돌발 상황에 대응하게 하면, 각종 센서나 자동화 프로그램을 단순화할 수 있으며, 작업의 속도와 안정성도 증가될 수 있다. 제시된 방법의 효율성을 정량적으로 검증하기 위한 시도로서, 세 개의 서로 다른 기능을 갖는 로봇이 공중에 매달린 긴 빔(beam)을 지지대에 결합하는 조립작업을 서로 다른 자율도 조건에서 반복적으로 수행하여 분석 결과를 도출한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.839-849
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• 2023

The development of automation technology to reduce human error by minimizing human intervention is accelerating with artificial intelligence and big data processing technology, even in the nuclear field. Among nuclear power plant operation modes, the startup and shutdown operations are still performed manually and thus have the potential for human error. As part of the development of an autonomous operation system for startup operation, this paper proposes an action coordinating strategy to obtain the optimal actions. The lower level of the system consists of operating blocks that are created by analyzing the operation tasks to achieve local goals through soft actor-critic algorithms. However, when multiple agents try to perform conflicting actions, a method is needed to coordinate them, and for this, an action coordination strategy was developed in this work as the upper level of the system. Three quantification methods were compared and evaluated based on the future plant state predicted by plant parameter prediction models using long short-term memory networks. Results confirmed that the optimal action to satisfy the limiting conditions for operation can be selected by coordinating the action sets. It is expected that this methodology can be generalized through future research.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.183-197
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study, the researchers closely investigated the psychosocial problems faced by terminal cancer patients and their family members in hospice palliative care units. Methods: The investigators conducted four sessions of art therapy intervention programs for the terminal cancer patients and their family members, carried out in-depth interviews about the influence of the cancer experience on their family function and quality of life, and analyzed their experiences using grounded theory methodology. Results: After providing autonomous written informed consent, six pairs of terminally ill cancer patients and their family members, accounting for a total of 17 participants with the inclusion of additional family members who took part sporadically, took part in the art therapy intervention and interviews. The raw data, in the form of verbatim records, were analyzed according to the procedures of grounded theory (open, axial, and selective coding). Through these processes, a total of 154 concepts, 56 subcategories, and 13 categories were identified. Families were classified into four types according to their family function, quality of life, and attitude toward death. Though the art therapy intervention, patients and their family members experienced three stages over time. Conclusion: This research focused on essential aspects of the family relationships and the art therapy experiences of terminal cancer patients and their family members through an art therapy intervention in the context of hospice palliative care. Based on these observations, the researchers constructed a theoretical rationale for art therapy interventions delivered to patients and their family members in the process of hospice palliative care.

• 에너지공학
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.86-90
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• 2020

이 논문은 네트워크로 연계된 에너지 클라우드, 에너지 커뮤니티 그리고 스마트시티에 참여한 프로슈머 머신들 간의 전력 직거래에 있어 위치증명방식이 적용된 블록체인 네트워크 기반 거래 시스템에 대한 고찰이다. 이 시스템은 위치증명기반 블록체인 네트워크 기술을 활용하여 자율 이동 중 전력 구매에 의한 배터리 재충전으로 장거리 이동이 가능해 질 수 있는 물류 배송 드론, 전력 구매와 판매가 모두 가능한 자율주행 전기 자동차 그리고 고정형태로 전력생산 및 판매가 가능한 태양광 가로등 및 전기충전기들 간의 전력 거래 시 인간의 개입 없이 머신들 간 최적 전력거래 매칭 및 정산 신뢰성을 제공 할 수 있다. 또한 다수이면서 서로 다른 공간에 존재하기 때문에 발생되는 다양한 거래 가격, 정책 그리고 인센티브들이 산재할 것으로 예상되는 에너지 클라우드를 경유하는 자율 운행 머신들 간의 사물 간 전력 직거래 비즈니스 모델을 소개한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.514-525
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model for Diabetes self-management (DSM) behavior and Quality of life (QoL) in older adults with diabetes who use Citizen Health Promotion Centers. The theory used this study was a combination of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Model (IMB) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to reflect autonomous characteristics of participants. Methods: Data were collected from April 20 to August 31, 2015 using a self-report questionnaire. The sample was 205 patients with type 2 Diabetes who regularly visited a Citizen Health Promotion Center. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs were used to analyze the efficiency of the hypothesized model and calculate the direct and indirect effects of factor affecting the participants' DSM behavior and QoL. Results: The supported hypotheses were as follows; 1) The variable that had a direct effect on QoL was health behavior adherence (${\gamma}=.55$, p=.007). 2) The variables that had a direct effect on DSM behavior were DSM information (${\gamma}=.15$, p=.023), DSM confidence (${\gamma}=.25$, p<.001), and autonomous motivation (${\gamma}=.13$, p=.048). 3) The variable that had a direct effect on DSM confidence was autonomy support (${\gamma}=.33$, p<.001). Conclusion: The major findings of this study are that supporting patient's autonomous motivation is an influential predictor for adherence to DSM behavior, and integrative intervention strategies which include knowledge, experience and psychosocial support are essential for older adults with diabetes to continue DSM behavior and improve QoL.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.49-61
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• 2008

대부분의 함정 전투체계의 교전 시뮬레이션은 필수적으로 운용자(통제관 및 대항군)가 포함될 수밖에 없음으로 인해 시뮬레이션은 실시간 정도의 저속이며, 시뮬레이션 결과도 객관적인 평가가 어렵다. 이러한 문제를 다루기 위해 본 논문에서는 인간 대신 다중 에이전트 시스템을 이용하는 에이전트 기반의 함정전투 M&S 시스템을 제안한다. 에이전트기반 M&S 시스템은 인간의 개입을 배제하고 자율적 추론기능을 제공함으로써 전투체계의 효과도 분석 및 운용전술개발 등께 대한 효과적인 지원을 가능하게 해준다. 본 논문에서는 이를 위하여 첨단 M&S 프레임워크와 자율 에이전트 설계 원칙을 도입함으로써 인간 미개입형 M&S 시스템 설계 개념과 방법론을 제시하였고, 서해교전상의 함정전투 사례연구를 통해 그 타당성을 검증하였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.315-332
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• 2023

PURPOSE. This study aimed to investigate whether the accuracy of intraoral scanners is influenced by different scanning strategies in an in vitro setting, through a systematic review and meta-analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 standard. The following PICOS approach was used: population, tooth impressions; intervention, the use of intraoral scanners with scanning strategies different from the manufacturer's instructions; control, the use of intraoral scanners following the manufacturers' requirements; outcome, accuracy of intraoral scanners; type of studies, in vitro. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across various databases including Embase, SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The inclusion criteria were based on in vitro studies that reported the accuracy of digital impressions using intraoral scanners. Analysis was performed using Review Manager software (version 5.3.5; Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark). Global comparisons were made using a standardized mean difference based on random-effect models, with a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS. The meta-analysis included 15 articles. Digital impression accuracy significantly improved under dry conditions (P < 0.001). Moreover, trueness and precision were enhanced when artificial landmarks were used (P ≤ 0.02) and when an S-shaped pattern was followed (P ≤ 0.01). However, the type of light used did not have a significant impact on the accuracy of the digital intraoral scanners (P ≥ 0.16). CONCLUSION. The accuracy of digital intraoral scanners can be enhanced by employing scanning processes using artificial landmarks and digital impressions under dry conditions.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

In this paper, we propose and examine the feasibility of the robot-assisted behavioral intervention system so as to strengthen positive response of the children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for learning social skills. Based on well-known behavioral treatment protocols, the robot offers therapeutic training elements of eye contact and emotion reading respectively in child-robot interaction, and it subsequently accomplishes pre-allocated meaningful acts by estimating the level of children's reactivity from reliable recognition modules, as a coping strategy. Furthermore, for the purpose of labor saving and attracting children's interest, we implemented the robotic stimulation configuration with semi-autonomous actions capable of inducing intimacy and tension to children in instructional trials. From these configurations, by evaluating the ability of recognizing human activity as well as by showing improved reactivity for social training, we verified that the proposed system has some positive effects on social development, targeted for preschoolers who have a high functioning level.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.337-351
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• 1992

Nursing as it is practiced and taught, historically has been viewed as natural science. There are new movements to create a paradigm of nursing in the human sciences. A natural science methodologies elicit quantitative data from observable phenomena and reveal causal relationships. Human science methodology is the study of Unitary Man's participative experience in a situation, the simultaneity paradigm. In a theory of nursing rooted in human science assumptions about man and health are synthesized, and the practice of nursing is continuously expanded through research. To find independent nursing interventions especially cognitive nursing intervention models it has been necessary to consult a multitude of journals and text sources for references, and no one nursing textbook can be used in help patients achieve nursing goals. The goals of nursing in the simultaneity paradigm focus on the quality of life from the person's perspective. Cognitive interventions based on the person's perspective were selected from those that colleagues deemed appropriate to nursing and those that were identified in the nursing literature. They were supportive nursing care, reminiscence, meditation, relaxation and imagery. Nurses have been reluctant to make diagnoses, implement actions, and assume responsibility for this actions and this is of concern but can be understood because nurses have had little exposure to action and lack an intervention armamentarium from with which to choose actions to achieve nursing goals. Efforts in nursing education and nursing service are required to remedy this problem. Nurses must be convinced of the challenge and excitement associated with autonomous functioning. It is a characteristic of the true professional. Traditionally, nursing has prescribed one method for handling a situation. Fundamental nursing texts usually only present one way to handle a situation, because alternative interventions to achieve a client goal may be available. Considerably more research is necessary before these can be prescribed. However, unless a first step is taken, progress will not be made. The quality of health care or nursing care is enhanced when nurses transform dilemas into commited action. This is apparent from widespread experiences of nurses.