• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Autonomous vehicles operated in the rough terrain environment must satisfy various technical requirements in order to improve the speed. Therefore, in order to design and implement a technical architecture that satisfies the requirements for speed improvement of autonomous vehicles, it is necessary to consider the overall technology of hardware and software to be mounted. In this study, the technical architecture of the autonomous vehicle operating in the rough terrain environment is presented. In order to realize high speed driving in pavement driving environment and other environment, it should be designed to improve the fast and accurate recognition performance and collect high quality database. and it should be determined the correct running speed from the running ability analysis and the frictional force estimation on the running road. We also improved synchronization performance by providing precise navigation information(time) to each hardware and software.

• 과학교육연구지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.33-50
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• 2008

이 연구는 영재교육기관의 양적 팽창 중심의 현실 속에서 과학영재들을 위한 교육프로그램의 질 제고를 위해 계획되었다. 저자는 이 글을 통해 과학 영재들에게 적합한 교육프로그램의 하나로 자율탐구활동의 중요성을 제안하고자 한다. 이를 위해 개방형 탐구활동과 비교를 통해 자율탐구활동의 의미를 규정하고, 과학 영재의 교육목적과 관련하여 영재들을 위한 자율탐구활동의 중요성을 제시하였다. 이를 통해, 과학 영재들을 위한 교육이 기존 프로그램의 답습에서 벗어나 영재들의 독립성, 창의성, 자율성을 향상시킬 수 있는 교육프로그램 개발의 필요성을 강조하고자 하였다.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2022

With the advancement of intelligent vehicles and unmanned systems, there is a growing interest in underwater surveys using autonomous marine vehicles (AMVs). This study presents an automated planning strategy for a long-term survey mission using a fleet of AMVs consisting of autonomous surface vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicles. Due to the complex nature of the mission, the actions of the vehicle must be of high-level abstraction, which means that the actions indicate not only motion of the vehicle but also symbols and semantics, such as those corresponding to deploy, charge, and survey. For automated planning, the planning domain definition language (PDDL) was employed to construct a mission planner for realizing a powerful and flexible planning system. Despite being able to handle abstract actions, such high-level planners have difficulty in efficiently optimizing numerical objectives such as obtaining the shortest route given multiple destinations. To alleviate this issue, a widely known technique in operations research was additionally employed, which limited the solution space so that the high-level planner could devise efficient plans. For a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed method, various PDDL-based planners with different parameter settings were implemented, and their performances were compared through simulation. The simulation result shows that the proposed method outperformed the baseline solutions by yielding plans that completed the missions more quickly, thereby demonstrating the efficacy of the proposed methodology.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.925-932
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of the study is to improve autonomous decision-making ability by analyzing the relationship between autonomy and decision-making ability. Methods : The subjects were 176 dental hygienists in Busan. Self-reported questionnaire was fill out from May 2012 to January 2013. Results : The average of the degree of autonomy was $2.20{\pm}0.29$. Buddhists showed the highest score of $2.37{\pm}0.37$ (p<0.05). Buddhists had the higher education than other religions (p<.05). Clinical decision-making ability was $2.21{\pm}0.25$. Among the subcategories, statistically significant differences (p<.05) was shown by gender, degree of education, and religion in the domain of "Exploration of Choice and Alternatives"; Buddhists showed a higher score in the domains of "Assessment and Re-evaluation of Decisions" and "Review of Values and Goals," with significant difference of p<.05. Autonomy and clinical decision making revealed a positive correlation in the categories "Assessment and Re-evaluation of Decisions" (r=.518, p=.000), "Review of Values and Goals" (r=.610, p=.000), and "Investigation of Information and Synchronization of New Information" (r=.314, p=.000). Conclusions : To improve the performance of dental hygienists, working systems and training will be intensified to develop the autonomy and clinical decision making.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.301-319
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• 2019

This study is to review the Joseon government's attempt to recover the tariff autonomy lost in the course of entering into the unequal treaty with then-Japan government, as well as the practical effort to realize such an attempt. Among other attempts, the Joseon government ① began imposing tariffs starting September 1878 by establishing Dumopo Customs Office in Busan, ② dispatched on April 1881 a group of investigators to the competent authorities to review and look back the Joseon's tariff system against Japan and ③ entered into a tariff negotiation with then-Japan government on September 1881 with the emissary (Susinsa) Byeong-ho Jo representing the Joseon government. A series of these attempts, in line with each other, represents the Joseon government's ceaseless, constant effort to recover the tariff autonomy, which is what this study intends to review from the modern-day perspectives. Authored by Byeong-ho Jo to capture an advantageous position in the 1881's tariff negotiation against then-Japan government, 「Joilseui」 successfully represented the Joseon government's position on matters of ① the Japanese tax-autonomous district in Korea, ② defining tariff rates, ③ use of Japanese Yen for payment of tariffs, ④ effective period of the treaty and ⑤ export restrictions on grains. Failure of the Joseon government's attempt to recover the Tariff autonomy was attributable not only to, as 「Joilseui」 defined, ① governments' non-cooperative attitudes on the negotiation table, ② lack of authorities that the entrusted bodies had, ③ import tariffs defined high and ④ export restrictions on grains and red ginseng, but also to loss of the tariff autonomy in 1876 and the 1881's negotiation broken down that were plotted by then-Japan government's invasive policy.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2016

우주 비행체의 건강상태를 확인하기 위해서는 매우 많은 종류의 텔레메트리 데이터를 확인해야 하므로 시간이 크게 소요 된다. 그러나 저궤도 위성의 경우 지상국과 교신할 수 있는 횟수 및 시간이 제한적이기 때문에 짧은 시간에 정확히 위성의 상태를 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 또한 운영 중 방사현상 및 급격한 온도 변화 등 극한의 우주 환경에 노출되어 있기 때문에 교신중이 아닐 때에도 위성 자체의 탑재 고장관리 방안이 마련되어 있어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 저궤도 위성의 안전성 향상을 위해 지상 및 위성 자체에서의 자율 운영 방안에 대해 다루도록 한다. 위성 상태확인 소요 시간 단축을 위해 각종 위성 이벤트를 오류와 구분하여 기록한 후 지상으로 전달하면 지상에서는 위성에서 발생하는 문제를 명시적으로 인지하여 즉각적인 조치가 이루어지도록 한다. 또한 각 이벤트의 연관 텔레메트리를 정의하고 지속적으로 발생하는 이벤트 시퀀스를 이용하여 특정 이벤트 발생 시 지상에서 취해야 할 동작을 추천 혹은 자동 수행하는 시스템을 제안한다. 탑재 자율 고장관리 기법으로는 중요 파라미터 선정 후 검사해야 할 주기, 모드 및 문턱값을 지정하여 해당 범위를 벗어날 경우 사전에 지정 된 명령 시퀀스를 수행 하는 방안을 제시한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.514-525
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to construct and test a structural equation model for Diabetes self-management (DSM) behavior and Quality of life (QoL) in older adults with diabetes who use Citizen Health Promotion Centers. The theory used this study was a combination of the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Model (IMB) and Self-Determination Theory (SDT) to reflect autonomous characteristics of participants. Methods: Data were collected from April 20 to August 31, 2015 using a self-report questionnaire. The sample was 205 patients with type 2 Diabetes who regularly visited a Citizen Health Promotion Center. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 programs were used to analyze the efficiency of the hypothesized model and calculate the direct and indirect effects of factor affecting the participants' DSM behavior and QoL. Results: The supported hypotheses were as follows; 1) The variable that had a direct effect on QoL was health behavior adherence (${\gamma}=.55$, p=.007). 2) The variables that had a direct effect on DSM behavior were DSM information (${\gamma}=.15$, p=.023), DSM confidence (${\gamma}=.25$, p<.001), and autonomous motivation (${\gamma}=.13$, p=.048). 3) The variable that had a direct effect on DSM confidence was autonomy support (${\gamma}=.33$, p<.001). Conclusion: The major findings of this study are that supporting patient's autonomous motivation is an influential predictor for adherence to DSM behavior, and integrative intervention strategies which include knowledge, experience and psychosocial support are essential for older adults with diabetes to continue DSM behavior and improve QoL.

• 교육녹색환경연구
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.33-43
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• 2019

본 연구는 사용자 교육적 가치의 중요성을 목표로하는 학교공간혁신의 개념 연구를 통하여 학교공간이 학생들의 교육활동을 중심으로 하는 국가수준의 교육자치 목표 및 기본가치와 상호관계성 연계 정도에 대하여 사용자를 중심으로 조사·분석을 하고자 하였다. 이는 교육자치 혁신 교육과정과 학교 자치적 다양한 교육활동과 연계된 학생, 교사 즉 수요자의 요구도 분석을 통해 수요자 중심 즉 수요자의 요구가 최대한 반영되는 학교공간혁신 연계 방안 등을 제시하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 교육자치 혁신과 학교공간 혁신의 기본개념 고찰과 국가수준의 2015개정 교육과정과 교육자치 혁신과정에 대한 문헌조사 및 교육목표, 교육과정의 기본가치 인식 조사를 실시하였으며, 원도심지역 학생, 교사를 대상으로 교육의 기본가치, 학교교육의 기능, 학교환경 및 공간 구성 방향, 학교공간에 대한 조사분석으로 학생과 교사의 인식도를 파악하고자 하였다.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.286-287
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• 2001

A 44 year-old male patient was undergoing diagnosis and therapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML, M2). On physical examination a thyroid mass was palpated in the left lower lobe. He had palpitation and intolerance to heat. Thyroid function tests revealed hyperthyroidism; T3: 150ng/dl (N:60-90), fT4: 2.26 ng/dl (N:0.70-1.80), TSH: 0.01 ulU/ml (N:0.25-5.00). Ultrasonography demonstrated a hypoechoic mass with scattered calcifications measuring 2.55 2.03 3.64 cm in size. F-18 FDG camera-based PET scan performed as a follow-up study of AML revealed a focal increased uptake in the left neck, where an autonomous nodule was detected on Tc-99m thyroid scan. After the diagnosis of toxic autonomous nodule, Goetz disease, he underwent surgical nodulectomy. Microscopically, the nodule contained follicular proliferation with degenerative change but without evidence of thyroid carcinoma. Focal uptake in autonomous thyroid nodules is due to increased glycolysis within the nodules.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.285-309
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• 2021

It is commonly understood that students' autonomous motivation and individualistic orientations and instructors' autonomy support are important for student-centered learning (SCL). However, few studies have examined this assumption. To help researchers and practitioners design more engaging SCL experiences across diverse cultural contexts, this study examines the associations of these factors with SCL engagement and how these associations compare in different cultures. University students in South Korea and the United States participated in a bold SCL assignment, called Pink Time, in which students decide what and how they learn. Linear, multivariate models were estimated in each context to identify and compare relationships between SCL engagement and student characteristics and perceptions. We found that engagement was high in both contexts. Autonomous motivation, individualism, and perceived instructor support each had significant associations with SCL engagement in South Korea. In the US, which had a smaller sample size, only perceived instructor support was significantly associated. These findings suggest that SCL strategies can be effective across cultures. Also, the narrower classroom context, specifically instructors' support, may be a stronger driver of engagement than the broader societal context. This study contributes to the scholarly discussion regarding SCL in diverse settings and offers several implications for instructors.