• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.80-98
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• 1994

According to the original documents, Sagungsan is considered as an effective drug for controlling the hypertensive epistaxis induced by tension of autonomic nerve and it's hyperfunction. The present experiment was designed to understand the effect of Sagungsan extract on the hemostatic action, intracranial pressure, blood pressure and cardiovascular system in experimental animals. And thus the bleeding time, prothrombin time, capillary dilation, blood pressure, Intracranial pressure, and enzymatic analysis of the ATPase activities were studied. The result obtained here were as followings: 1. Sagungsan water extract reduced the bleeding time in mouse, and prolonged the prothrombin time in rabbits. 2. The drug extract increased the tail volume by capillary dilation in rats. 3. The drug extract inhibited the increase of intracranial pressure and arterial blood pressure in rabbits. 4. At the early time, the increase of arterial blood pressure by the drug extract significantly inhibited by pretreated atropin and regitine in rabbits. 5. The drug extract relaxed the smooth muscle by stimulating the Mg2+-Ca2+-ATPase activities of gastric sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from rabbit stomach. 6. The drug extract stimulated the heart contraction by inhibiting the $Mg^{2+}-Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ activities of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from rabbit heart. The inhibitory mechanism was reversible and noncompatitive. 7. The drug extract increased the hepatic blood volume by stimulating the hepatic total ATPase activities and hepatic metabolism. 8. The drug extract acted as a tranquilizer by inhibiting the neural Na+-K+-ATPase activity. According to the results, Sagungsan water extract dilated the capillaries, stimulated the heart beat, and thus increased the blood flow with decreasing the intracranial pressure and blood pressure. These effects stanches the epistaxis collectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.91-95
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• 2001

In this study, we estimated the behavior of the diversity of physiological responses under varied physical environmental factors by measuring variations of heart rate variability (HRV), an index of activity of cardiac autonomic control. Seven healthy young male adults consented and participated in the study. The environmental conditions consisted of thermal, lighting, and acoustic conditions. Two components of HRV were measured. one was the low frequency (LF) component of HRV, which provided a quantitative index of the sympathetic and parasympathetic (vagal) activities controlling the heart rate (HR). The other component measured was the high frequency (HF) component, which provided an index of the vagal tone. The percent contribution of physical environmental factors to the variations in HRV indices were calculated by ANOVA. The contribution of physical environmental factors to the variations in HR was higher than the contribution of HF and LF. However, the contribution of these factors was lower than the contribution related with individual difference in all indices. This result showed that the individual diversity of physiological responses is not a negligible quantity.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.11b
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• pp.663-665
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is development of portable cardiovascular signal processing device. Beat-to-beat fluctuation in heart rate, respiration, and blood pressure have been known to be meditated by autonomic nervous system activities convergent on various effector organs. This system consists of data acquisition module, main data processing module and graphic LCD module. The data acquisition module is developed for data aquisition, data multiplexing and interfacing with main data processing system. And, main data processing module is developed for data storing, data processing and interfacing with graphic LCD module. The main processing system is based on 32-bit microprocessor.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The scientific verification of the physiological and psychological effects that result from interaction with green plants would not only provide objective knowledge on the psychological effect of green but would also establish useful grounds for the creation of green spaces that consider human emotions. The present study measured the cerebral activity(cerebral blood flow) and the autonomic nervous system activity (blood pressure, pulse rate, amylase) of fifteen Korean male subjects as they inhaled the natural scent diffused by pine needles. Impression and mood state evaluations of the reactions to the pine scent were carried out using the SD method and POMS. Cerebral activity was observed to be significantly activated in the feeling, judgment, and motor areas of the frontal lobe, as well as the memory area in the temporal lobe. Verbal evaluations by the SD method and POMS indicated a pine scent left natural but stimulated and active impressions, provided vigor, and also reduced confusion. The autonomic nervous system activities, however, showed no significant differences. These findings verified scientifically that a pine scent vitalizes humans both physiologically and psychologically. These results could be useful as fundamental data for the design of green spaces that consider human emotional aspects.

• Korean Journal of Health Psychology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.277-292
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• 2009

This study investigated the responses of the autonomic nervous system of individuals with Type D personality during an acute stressful situation. Twenty-three female students of Type D personality and 23 female students with non-Type D personality. Stroop Color-Word Task was used to induce a stressful situation, heart rate variability (HRV) was used to measure the responses of the autonomic nervous system during the baseline, acute stress, recovery periods. To analyze the data, the repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the autonomic nervous system of the Type D group to that of the non-Type D group. Regression analysis is used to determine if the Type D scale and stress vulnerability predicted the activities of the autonomic nervous system during the baseline period. The results of this study demonstrated that the Type D group's normalized low frequency (LF norm) and ratio of low frequency to high frequency (LF/HF ratio) were higher than those for the non-Type D group, while its normalized high frequency (HF norm) was lower than that for the non-Type D group in all three periods. There were no statistically significant differences among the three periods in terms of LF norm, HF norm, and LF/HF ratio in the Type D group. The study demonstrated that the total scores of the Type DS-14 and scores of social inhibition and negative affect were independent predictors of LF norm and HF norm during the baseline. The Type D group showed increased activation of the sympathetic nervous system and/or decreased activation of the parasympathetic nervous system. These results support the hypothesis that the Type D personality is vulnerable to the stress. Also, the highly activated sympathetic and/or lowly activated parasympathetic nervous systems, which were observed in the Type D group during the baseline, indicated that the Type D individual is susceptible to psychosomatic disorders.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.35
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• pp.125-149
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• 2013

In this study changes in biorhythm are observed by measuring heart rate variabilities in order to verify, compare, and evaluate stresses in guard duties of guards and CCTV monitoring works of staffs serviced in practical guard sites. Guard duties and CCTV monitoring works similar to a practical situation are implemented for nine students in the department of security at K University over 150 minutes. In the results of observing heart rate variabilities and autonomic function tests for six times with an interval of 30 minutes, the heart rate variability (HRV) in CCTV monitoring works represents lower levels than that of guard duties. Also, in a stable condition the guard duties for 30 and 60 minutes exhibit lower levels than that of 90, 120, and 150 minutes. Regarding SDNN, CCTV monitoring works show higher levels that guard duties and the guard duties for 30 and 60 minutes represent lower levels than that of 150 minutes. In autonomic function tests, there are no differences in TP between groups according to guard duties and CCTV monitoring works. Also, the guard duties for 150 minutes represent more differences in TP compared to that of 30 minutes. The interaction between the duty type and the duty duration is presented. In the case of LF, guard duties for 150 minutes show large differences in duty duration compared to that of 60 minutes. In the case of HF, the CCTV monitoring work group shows higher levels than the guard duty group in which the guard duties for 120 and 150 minutes represent higher levels than that of 30 minutes. The interaction between the duty type and the duty duration is presented. In the case of the LF/HF ratio, the guard duty group exhibits higher levels than the CCTV monitoring group. Also, there is an interaction between the duty type and the duty duration including the difference in durations. The CCTV monitoring works represent lower heart function activities than the guard duties according to increases in parasympathetic nervous activities. It shows that the long-term CCTV monitoring duty repeated everyday shows a high possibility of increasing the exposures of VDT syndrome and nervous breakdown.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2005

Opuntia ficus-indica, commonly known as prickly pear cactus, is commercially grown as a food and medicinal plant in Jeju Island, Korea. The crushed pads and fruits of Opuntia ficus-indica were dried in a freeze-dryer and ground into flour to be used for food materials. The major components of proximate compositions were part of a nitrogen free extract. The major minerals were Ca (4391.2-2086.9㎎%), K (1932.1-2608.7㎎%), and Mg (800.6-1984.8㎎%). The major amino acid was glutamic acid, comprising 16.3% of total amino acids in fruit and 25.2% in pad. Dihydroflavonols were identified as (+)-trans-dihydrokaempferol and (+)-trans-dihydroquercetin. Citric acid methyl esters extracted from fruits showed inhibitory activities against monoamine oxidase-B. The presence of trimethyl citrate has been reported in other plants, but 1,3-dimethyl citrate and 1-monomethyl citrate have not been previously reported. The results of pharmacological efficacy tests, including serum biochemical and hematological parameters, autonomic nervous system, anti-inflammatory, analgestic activity, anti-diabetic activity, antithrombotic, anticoagulant, dopamine beta-hydroxylase, monoamine oxidase activity, hyperlipidemia, the respiratory system, antigastic, and anti-ulcerative actions indicate that the fruit and pad of the Opuntia ficus-indica are rich sources of food and medicinal materials.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.32 no.4 s.127
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• pp.330-337
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• 2001

Prickly pear(Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten Makino, Cactaceae) is a tropical or subtropical plant, which is widely used as folk medicine for burned wound, edema and indigestion. Screening on the biological properties of the fruits(OFS-Fr) and stems(OFS-St) of the plant was carried out to prove the pharmacological significance. By hot plate and acetic acid-inducing writhing methods, significant analgesic effects of OFS-Fr and OFS-St were found in mice and anti-edemic effect was observed in carrageenin-induced inflammatory rats. However, the extracts showed no significant actions on central and autonomic nervous system and blood circulatory system, which imply no toxic effects to animal.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.383-390
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is the evaluation of the degree of post injection soreness, symptom duration, factor and autonomic symptoms after trigger point injection in patients with trigger points. We devided the subjects of the study into four groups Such as, only dry needling, needle-TENS, with massage-stretch, massage-stretch only, including 100 patients, and measured the visual analog scale before treatment and after treatment. Before treatment, The VAS mean scores were $6.2{\pm}1.03$ in needle-TENS with massage-stretch group ; $6.2{\pm}1.75$ in needdle-TENS group, and $6.3{\pm}1.85$ in dry needling group, and $6.8{\pm}1.03$ in massage-stretch group. In post injection 3rd day, The VAS mean score were $0.9{\pm}1.78$ in needling-TENS with massage-stretch group, $1.1{\pm}1.52$ in needling-TENS group, $1.7{\pm}1.10$ in dry needling group, and $3.9{\pm}3.01$ in massage-stretch group. As for a causative factor of activities for trigger were overload with 37.0%, overwork with 35.0% and fatigue with 13.0%. Symptoms for trigger were tenderness with 28.0%, numbness and tingling with 24.0%. ROM limit with 17.0% and tightness with 17.0%. As a result, needling-TENS with massage-stretch group showed less soreness and effect than other group.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among sleep quality, heart rate variability (HRV), fatigue, depression, and anxiety reported by Korean adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 208 adults aged 20~60 years was conducted using a short-term HRV analysis and self-reported questionnaires of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Fatigue Severity Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and State Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: Subjects with good sleep quality (PSQI $score{\leq}5$) had higher HRV total power (t=2.03, p=.043) and high-frequency (t=2.04, p=.043) with lower fatigue (t=-4.08, p<.001), depressive mood (t=-3.66, p<.001), and trait anxiety (t=-3.84, p<.001) than subjects with poor sleep quality. Poor sleep quality was negatively correlated with HRV total power (r=-.17, p=.016), high-frequency (r=-.14, p=.049), and positively fatigue (r=.39, p<.001), depression (r=.44, p<.001), state anxiety (r=.23, p=.001) and trait anxiety (r=.34, p<.001). Conclusion: The results indicated that sleep quality is correlated with HRV which reflects the activities of the autonomic nerve system, fatigue, depression, and anxiety in adults.