• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.50-56
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• 2004

The directional ability of an automobile has an influence on driver directly, and hence it must be given most priority. Alignment factors of automobile such as the camber, caster and toe directly affect the directional ability of a vehicle. The above mentioned factors are determined by the pose of interlinks in the assembly of an automobile front chassis module. Measuring the position of center point of ball joints in the front lower arm is very difficult. A method to determine this position is suggested in this paper. Pose estimation for front chassis module and dimensional evaluation to find the rotational characteristics of front lower arm were developed based on fundamental geometric techniques. To interpret the inspection data obtained for front chassis module, 3-D best fit method is needed. The best fit method determines the relationship between the nominal design coordinate system and the corresponding feature coordinate system. The least squares method based on singular value decomposition is used in this paper.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2006.10b
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• pp.77-82
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• 2006

Situation awareness는 유비쿼터스 환경에서 사용자의 상황에 맞는 적절한 서비스를 제공하기 위한 방법으로, 다양한 context와 action이력을 기술하여 협동 시스템을 표현할 수 있는 Situation Aware-Interface Definition Language(SA-IDL) 접근방법이 유용하다. 하지만, SA-IDL로 다수의 상황인지 서비스를 만들게 될 때 서비스 단독으로는 문제가 없을지라도 여러 개의 서비스들 사이에서는 충돌문제가 발생할 수 있다. 이런 충돌을 검출해내고 해결하기 위해서, 을 수학적으로 모델링된 SA-IDL을 통해, 충돌을 수학적으로 정의하여 기술하고, graph theory적인 접근 방법과 자기 상관계수를 통한 마크호프 예측 기법으로 해결하고자 한다.

• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2017

Regulation for the testing and operation of automated vehicles on public roadways has been recently developed all over the world. For example, the licensing standards and the evaluation technology for automated vehicles have been proposed in California, Nevada and EU. But specific safety evaluation scenarios for automated vehicles have not been proposed yet. This paper presents safety evaluation scenarios for extraordinary service permission of automated vehicles on highways. A total of seven scenarios are selected in consideration of safety priority and real traffic situation. Six scenarios are relevant with lane keeping and one scenario is relevant with lane change. All scenarios are developed based on existing ADAS evaluation scenarios and repeated simulation of automated vehicle algorithm. Safety evaluation factors as well as scenarios are developed. The safety factors are based on existing ADAS ISO requirements, ADAS safety factors and current traffic regulations. For the scenarios, a hunter vehicle is needed in addition to automated vehicle evaluated. The hunter vehicle performs multiple roles like preceding vehicle, cut-in vehicle and so on. The hunter vehicle is also automated vehicle equipped with high performance GPS, radar and Lidar. All the scenarios can be implemented by driving a lap on a KATRI ITS test track. These scenarios and safety evaluation factors are investigated via both a computer simulation and an experimental vehicle test on the test track. The experimental vehicle test was conducted with two automated vehicles, which are the evaluated vehicle and the hunter vehicle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.56-64
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• 2016

This study analyzed characteristics of officers' watch-keeping during fishing operation at the fisheries training ship KAYA (GT: 1,737 tons, Pukyong National University). It observed fishing works of three officers in wheel house of KAYA. The observations were carried out at the fishing ground 45 miles away from east of Jeju from 7 to 8 January 2010. The works and movements of the officers were recorded with three common video cameras and a 4-channel MPEG-4 Triplex DVR. Recorded data of the working circulation was analyzed by using the post-processing method. As a result of the traffic lines, the average (${\pm}S.D$) of working hour (min) and moving frequency (times), distance (m) and speed (m/min) during setting the net was 11.8 (0.9), 43.7 (8.1), 133.9 (35.8) and 10.5 (0.6), respectively. During trawling the net, it was 100, 241 (39.8), 615.7 (194.6) and 5.2 (1.6), respectively. During hauling the net, it was 17.6 (1.4), 41.0 (7.2), 196.9 (37.6) and 10.7 (0.8), respectively. In addition, it has a different tendency of the instrument usage frequency by the fishing works. During setting, the usage priority was CCTV, ECDIS, RPM and pitch controller, net monitor, GPS plotter, chart room, X-band radar, fish finder and public addressor. During trawling, it was CCTV, ECDIS, fish finder, X-band radar, net monitor, chart room, GPS plotter, RPM and pitch controller, auto pilot and steering, interphone, wind speed and direction indicator, No.1. VHF, navigation light control panel and public addressor. During hauling, it was CCTV, RPM and pitch controller, GPS plotter, public addressor, chart room, net monitor, X-band radar, auto pilot and steering and fish finder.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.140-152
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• 2021

During the shift from gasoline vehicles to electric ones, auto parts manufacturing companies have realized the importance of improvement in the manufacturing process that does not require any layout changes nor extra investments, while maintaining their current production rate. Due to these reasons, for the auto part manufacturing company, I-company, this study has developed the simulation model of the PUSH system to conduct a process analysis in terms of production rate, WIP level, and logistics work's utilization rate. In addition, this study compares the PUSH system with other three manufacturing systems -KANBAN, DBR, and CONWIP- to compare the performance of these production systems, while satisfying the company's target production rate. With respect to lead-time, the simulation results show that the improvement of 77.90% for the KANBAN system, 40.39% for the CONWIP system, and 69.81% for the DBR system compared to the PUSH system. In addition, with respect to WIP level, the experimental results demonstrate that the improvement of 77.91% for the KANBAN system, 40.41% for the CONWIP system, and 69.82% for the DBR system compared to the PUSH system. Since the KANBAN system has the largest impacts on the reduction of the lead-time and WIP level compared to other production systems, this study recommends the KANBAN system as the proper manufacturing system of the target company. This study also shows that the proper size of moving units is four and the priority allocation of bottleneck process methods improves the target company's WIP and lead-time. Based on the results of this study, the adoption of the KANBAN system will significantly improve the production process of the target company in terms of lead-time and WIP level.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.219-234
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• 2021

Industrial emissions, mainly from industrial complexes, are important sources of ambient Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Identification of the significant VOC sources from industrial complexes has practical significance for emission reduction. VOC samples were collected from July 2019 to June 2020. A Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) receptor model was used to evaluate the VOC sources in the area. Four sources were identified by PMF analysis, including coating-1, coating-2, printing, and vehicle exhaust. The coating-1 source was revealed to have the highest contribution (41.5%), followed by coating-2 (23.9%), printing (23.1%), and vehicle exhaust (11.6%). The source showing the highest contribution was coating emissions, originating from the northwest to southwest of the sample site. It also relates to facilities that produce auto parts. The major components of VOC emissions from the coating facilities were toluene, m,p-xylene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and butyl acetate. Industrial emissions should be the top priority to meet the relevant control criteria, followed by vehicular emissions. This study provides a strategy for VOC source apportionment from an industrial complex, which is helpful in the development of targeted control strategies.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.28-39
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• 2011

While the broadband multimedia technologies have been developing, the commercial market of digital contents has also been widely spreading. Most of all, digital cartoon market like internet cartoon has been rapidly large so video cartooning continuously has been researched because of lack and variety of cartoon. Until now, video cartooning system has been focused in non-photorealistic rendering and word balloon. But the meaningful frame extraction must take priority for cartooning system when applying in service. In this paper, we propose new automatic frame extraction method for video cartooning system. At frist, we separate video and audio from movie and extract features parameter like MFCC and ZCR from audio data. Audio signal is classified to speech, music and speech+music comparing with already trained audio data using GMM distributor. So we can set speech area. In the video case, we extract frame using general scene change detection method like histogram method and extract meaningful frames in the cartoon using face detection among the already extracted frames. After that, first of all existent face within speech area image transition frame extract automatically. Suitable frame about movie cartooning automatically extract that extraction image transition frame at continuable period of time domain.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.220-237
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• 2021

Since the functional importance of marine phytoplankton was firstly advocated from early 1880s massive data on the species composition and abundance were produced by classical microscopic observation and the advanced auto-imaging technologies. Recently, pigment composition resulted from direct chemical analysis of phytoplankton samples or indirect remote sensing could be used for the group-specific quantification, which leads us to more diversified data production methods and for more improved spatiotemporal accessibilities to the target data-gathering points. In quite a few cases of many long-term marine ecosystem monitoring programs the phytoplankton species composition and abundance was included as a basic monitoring item. The phytoplankton data could be utilized as a crucial evidence for the long-term change in phytoplankton community structure and ecological functioning at the monitoring stations. Usability of the phytoplankton data sometimes is restricted by the differences in data producers throughout the whole monitoring period. Methods for sample treatments, analyses, and species identification of the phytoplankton species could be inconsistent among the different data producers and the monitoring years. In-depth study to determine the precise quantitative values of the phytoplankton species composition and abundance might be begun by Victor Hensen in late 1880s. International discussion on the quality assurance of the marine phytoplankton data began in 1969 by the SCOR Working Group 33 of ICSU. Final report of the Working group in 1974 (UNESCO Technical Papers in Marine Science 18) was later revised and published as the UNESCO Monographs on oceanographic methodology 6. The BEQUALM project, the former body of IPI (International Phytoplankton Intercomparison) for marine phytoplankton data QA/QC under ISO standard, was initiated in late 1990. The IPI is promoting international collaboration for all the participating countries to apply the QA/QC standard established from the 20 years long experience and practices. In Korea, however, such a QA/QC standard for marine phytoplankton species composition and abundance data is not well established by law, whereas that for marine chemical data from measurements and analysis has been already set up and managed. The first priority might be to establish a QA/QC standard system for species composition and abundance data of marine phytoplankton, then to be extended to other functional groups at the higher consumer level of marine food webs.