• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2020

Lateralization for central auditory processing (CAP) with dichotic digits recognition (DDR) test is believed expression of hemispheric dominance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an inflammatory and autoimmune alteration of central nervous system (CNS). Hearing alterations in MS and their role in CAP has not been well studied. A patient with MS and new kind of alteration in lateralization of CAP with DDR test is presented. A 53 year of age female with MS of 16 years of evolution, nine of them remained asymptomatic. She has a persistent advantage of the right ear for DDR test; but other monaural tests showed predominance of the left afferent pathway. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and long latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEPs) showed adequate right response with deficits in organization of left response in BAEP, and N2 wave. In the contrary direction of previous publication, we disclosed advantage for DDR test, BAEP, and LLAEP in the right ear. We observed no left ear suppression; with predominance of correct left percentages in monaural psychoacoustics tests. We must keep on searching to find pathophysiological meaning of predominant of right or left auditory laterality as a CAP disorder in patients with MS.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.48-52
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• 2020

Lateralization for central auditory processing (CAP) with dichotic digits recognition (DDR) test is believed expression of hemispheric dominance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered an inflammatory and autoimmune alteration of central nervous system (CNS). Hearing alterations in MS and their role in CAP has not been well studied. A patient with MS and new kind of alteration in lateralization of CAP with DDR test is presented. A 53 year of age female with MS of 16 years of evolution, nine of them remained asymptomatic. She has a persistent advantage of the right ear for DDR test; but other monaural tests showed predominance of the left afferent pathway. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) and long latency auditory evoked potentials (LLAEPs) showed adequate right response with deficits in organization of left response in BAEP, and N2 wave. In the contrary direction of previous publication, we disclosed advantage for DDR test, BAEP, and LLAEP in the right ear. We observed no left ear suppression; with predominance of correct left percentages in monaural psychoacoustics tests. We must keep on searching to find pathophysiological meaning of predominant of right or left auditory laterality as a CAP disorder in patients with MS.

• Journal of Audiology & Otology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.174-179
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The integration of auditory-visual speech information improves speech perception; however, if the auditory system input is disrupted due to hearing loss, auditory and visual inputs cannot be fully integrated. Additionally, temporal coincidence of auditory and visual input is a significantly important factor in integrating the input of these two senses. Time delayed acoustic pathway caused by the signal passing through digital signal processing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of hearing loss and hearing aid digital delay circuit on sound-induced flash illusion. Subjects and Methods: A total of 13 adults with normal hearing, 13 with mild to moderate hearing loss, and 13 with moderate to severe hearing loss were enrolled in this study. Subsequently, the sound-induced flash illusion test was conducted, and the results were analyzed. Results: The results showed that hearing aid digital delay and hearing loss had no detrimental effect on sound-induced flash illusion. Conclusions: Transmission velocity and neural transduction rate of the auditory inputs decreased in patients with hearing loss. Hence, the integrating auditory and visual sensory cannot be combined completely. Although the transmission rate of the auditory sense input was approximately normal when the hearing aid was prescribed. Thus, it can be concluded that the processing delay in the hearing aid circuit is insufficient to disrupt the integration of auditory and visual information.

• 재활복지
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.257-277
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to observe auditory processing skills in school-age children using Fisher's Auditory Problem Checklist(FAPC; Fisher, 1976) and Scales of Auditory Behaviors(SAB; Shiffman, 1999) in order to provide a basis for clinical application in screening central auditory processing disorders(CAPD) in Korea. Korean translated version of FAPC and SAB were given to the parents or care givers of 233 students from grades 1~6. As a result of testing FAPC, the average score for all grades showed 91.87(${\pm}7.93$) points, with grade point average score falling in 90.13~93.67 range and no significant differences among grades. For SAB, the average score for all grades showed 53.44(${\pm}5.09$), with grade point average score falling in 51.78~55.44 range and also no significant differences among grades. Significant correlations between FAPC and SAB were shown in all and within grade levels. There showed to be 22 children(9.9%) in -1 SD at risk criteria, with 13 male students(12%) and 9 female students(7.8%) for both FAPC and SAB. In applying FAPC and SAB clinically to school-age children, these two tests showed to have a significant correlation, but because of different characteristics due to the small number of children in the common risk range, diagnostic testing/rehabilitation plan based on screening and auditory behavior characteristics is recommended to be conducted complementarily to one another.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.259-268
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• 2015

People with auditory processing disorders(APD) do not exactly understand what they hear with normal hearing levels because of difficulties in the processing of auditory information in auditory nervous system. The purposes of this study are to investigate intervention strategies suggested by current literatures and to develop a guide map for APD intervention. The problem based intervention strategies are customized to the specific deficits of a subtype of Buffalo model and Bellis/Ferre model and general intervention strategies are recommended with compensatory strategy, auditory training, environmental modification and so on. Multidisciplinary team should determine and provide various intervention strategies to improve auditory capabilities of a child with APD intensively and persistently. APD intervention guide map is organized with four steps. It helps clinicians and teachers related with the intervention of APD find appropriate intervention strategies and process in order to reduce difficulties of a child with APD and a suspected APD.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.35-39
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• 2015

Auditory and visual stimuli presented in the peripheral visual field were perceived as spatially coincident when the auditory stimulus was presented five to seven degrees outwards from the direction of the visual stimulus. Furthermore, judgments of the perceived distance between auditory and visual stimuli presented in the periphery did not increase when an auditory stimulus was presented in the peripheral side of the visual stimulus. As to the origin of this phenomenon, there would seem to be two possibilities. One is that the participants could not perceptually distinguish the distance on the peripheral side because of the limitation of accuracy perception. The other is that the participants could distinguish the distances, but could not evaluate them because of the insufficient experimental setup of auditory stimuli. In order to confirm which of these two alternative explanations is valid, we conducted an experiment similar to that of our previous study using a sufficient number of loudspeakers for the presentation of auditory stimuli. Results revealed that judgments of perceived distance increased on the peripheral side. This indicates that we can perceive discrimination between audio and visual stimuli on the peripheral side.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.1009-1009
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• 2003

VIPER a new tool for the VIsual PERception of sound quality and for sound design will be presented. Requirement for the visualization of sound quality is a signal analysis modeling the information processing of the ear. The first step of the signal processing implemented in VIPER, calculates an auditory spectrogram by a filter bank adapted to the time- and frequency resolution of the human ear. The second step removes redundant information by extracting time- and frequency contours from the auditory spectrogram in analogy to contours of the visual system. In a third step contours and/or auditory spectrogram can be resynthesised confirming that only aurally relevant information were extracted. The visualization of the contours in VIPER allows intuitively to grasp the important components of a signal. Contributions of parts of a signal to the overall quality can be easily auralized by editing and resynthesising the contours or the underlying auditory spectrogram. Resynthesis of time contours alone allows e.g. to auralize impulsive components separately from the tonal components. Further processing of the contours determines tonal parts in form of tracks. Audible differences between two versions of a sound can be visually inspected in VIPER through the help of auditory distance spectrograms. Applications are shown for the sound design of several interior noises of cars.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2021

Objective : This study examined the effects of vestibular sensory integration on the sensory processing, problem behavior, and auditory behavior in children who had cochlear Implants. Methods : This single-subject AB study was conducted for 11 weeks from August to November 2019 with three children with cochlear implants. A pre-test measure of each child's sensory processing and auditory behavior was recorded with the baseline on operationally defined behavioral problems as four incidents during 40 minutes of free play with an occupational therapist. The treatment period was 15 40-minute sessions of vestibular sensory integration. Behavioral problems were monitored and recorded during each treatment session. Once treatment was complete, a post-test was conducted on the children's sensory processing and auditory behavior. Results : The sensory processing and auditory behavior of all three participants improved after the vestibular-focused sensory integration, and diverse problem behaviors showed decreasing trends during the interventions. Conclusion : Vestibular sensory integration leads to positive changes in the sensory processing, problem behavior, and auditory behavior of children with cochlear implants.

• Korean Journal of Audiology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.174-179
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• 2020

Background and Objectives: The integration of auditory-visual speech information improves speech perception; however, if the auditory system input is disrupted due to hearing loss, auditory and visual inputs cannot be fully integrated. Additionally, temporal coincidence of auditory and visual input is a significantly important factor in integrating the input of these two senses. Time delayed acoustic pathway caused by the signal passing through digital signal processing. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of hearing loss and hearing aid digital delay circuit on sound-induced flash illusion. Subjects and Methods: A total of 13 adults with normal hearing, 13 with mild to moderate hearing loss, and 13 with moderate to severe hearing loss were enrolled in this study. Subsequently, the sound-induced flash illusion test was conducted, and the results were analyzed. Results: The results showed that hearing aid digital delay and hearing loss had no detrimental effect on sound-induced flash illusion. Conclusions: Transmission velocity and neural transduction rate of the auditory inputs decreased in patients with hearing loss. Hence, the integrating auditory and visual sensory cannot be combined completely. Although the transmission rate of the auditory sense input was approximately normal when the hearing aid was prescribed. Thus, it can be concluded that the processing delay in the hearing aid circuit is insufficient to disrupt the integration of auditory and visual information.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2011

Although sound intensity is considered as one of important factors in auditory processing, its neural mechanism in auditory neurons with limited dynamic range of firing rates is still unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of sound intensity adaptation on the change of glucose metabolism in a rat brain using [F-18] micro positron emission tomography (PET) neuroimaging technique. In the experiment, broadband white noise sound was given for 30 minutes after the [F-18]FDG injection in order to explore the functional adaptation of rat brain into the sound intensity levels. Nine rats were scanned with four different sound intensity levels: 40 dB, 60 dB, 80 dB, 100 dB sound pressure level (SPL) for four weeks. When glucose uptake during the adaptation of a high intensity sound level (100 dB SPL) was compared with that during adaptation to a low intensity level (40 dB SPL) in the experiment, the former induced a greater uptake at bilateral cochlear nucleus, superior olivary complexes and inferior colliculi in the auditory pathway. Expectedly, the metabolic activity in those areas linearly increased as the sound intensity level increased. In contrast, significant decrease interestingly occurred in the bilateral auditory cortices: The activities of auditory cortex proportionally decreased with higher sound intensities. It may reflect that the auditory cortex actively down-regulates neural activities when the sound gets louder.