• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.560-569
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• 2017

This study was a cross-sectional study done to determine the relevance and impact factors of gender role attitude and self-esteem on attitude toward homosexuality among college students. A survey was conducted 201 college students with self-report questionnaire in one university of Ulsan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and linear multiple regression with SPSS/WIN(21.0). Factors affecting attitude toward homosexuality included gender, former middle${\cdot}$high schools. Attitude toward homosexuality had a negative correlation with gender role attitude. And gender and gender role attitude accounted for 31.0% of the variance in attitude toward homosexuality. The major factors influencing attitude toward homosexuality were gender and gender role attitude. The more males than females and the more traditional gender role attitude were more negative toward homosexuality. Therefore, it is necessary to provide education program and establish a service program according to gender in order to develope and accept healthy identity of college students for the positive view on homosexuality.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.68-77
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to determine the relevance and different factors having an impact on sexual assertiveness and sex stereotypes for the attitude among nursing students toward homosexuality. A survey was conducted on 253 nursing students in D city using a self-report questionnaire. The data was collected from April 11 to April 20, 2019 and it was then analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlations and multiple regression using SPSS 22.0. The average of sexual assertiveness in the nursing students was $4.44{\pm}0.37$, and the average of sex stereotypes was $2.08{\pm}0.58$, and the average of attitude toward homosexuality was $2.75{\pm}0.37$. The attitude toward homosexuality according to the general characteristics differed among religions (F=13.32, p<.000), religious life (F=20.43, p<.000) and method of parenting (F=2.74, p<.044). There was a statistically significant negative correlation between sexual assertiveness and the attitude toward homosexuality (r=-0.13, p=.034). Also, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between sex stereotypes and the attitude toward homosexuality (r=0.24, p<.000). Religion, religious life and sex stereotypes were the influential factors. Models that included the variables explained 23.1% of the variance for the attitude toward homosexuality. Thus, it is necessary to create an interventional strategy related to nursing student' attitude towards homosexuality so as to develop a practical educational program for promoting healthy gender identity.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.211-237
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to explore early childhood pre-service teachers' belief in homosexuality. This study applied the Q-method to investigate teachers'subjective awareness of homosexuality. Using an open questionnaire, we asked participants to describe how they think about homosexuality. Forty-five pre-service teachers were Q-sampled. Using the QUANL program, 45 statements were classified into 9 levels. Results revealed that image types of early childhood pre-service teachers can be classified into four distinguished categories: 1) type of respect: to regard gays and lesbians as normal people who love the same sex, 2) type of acknowledgment: to regard them as very unique people who attract people's attention, 3) type of relation-denying: to regard them as someone who were born totally differently, and 4) type of extremely denying-to regard them not being respected and disgusting. Most of the teachers seemed to have a tendency to acknowledge and respect individuals'sexual orientation. However, some pre-service teachers still have a negative attitude toward homosexuality. The significance of this study is to reveal the silenced issue, that is, sexual orientation in the field of early childhood multicultural education. Teachers can have a strong effect on young children's belief about sexual identity and sexual orientation. It would be important to look back on educators'perspective on homosexuality before suggesting the direction of multicultural education of young children related to the issue of sexual orientation.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.343-362
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• 2016

Despite recent social movements to protect homosexuals' rights in Korea, psychological research investigating attitudes toward homosexuals has been largely ignored. The present study examined Koreans' explicit and implicit attitudes toward homosexuals and how openness is related to them. College students (N = 56) responded to questionnaires assessing explicit attitudes toward homosexuals and openness, one of the five factors of personality. They then took an Implicit Association Test designed to assess implicit attitudes toward homosexuals. We found that participants in general had more negative explicit attitudes toward gay men than lesbians. Implicit prejudice against gay men was also higher than lesbians. There was no participant sex difference in implicit attitudes toward gay men. However, male participants had more negative implicit attitudes toward lesbians than female participants did; in fact, females' implicit attitudes toward lesbians were not biased. While openness was negatively related only to explicit prejudice, values, one of the facets of openness, was negatively related to both explicit and implicit prejudice. This was the first study in Korea that investigated both explicit and implicit attitudes toward gay men and lesbians.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.225-238
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• 2002

The purpose of this descriptive study was to assess sexual orientation and Knowledge and attitudes with regards to AIDS in military personnel, and to provide basic data for developing a further sex education program for them. The data were collected in June 2002 on 242 service members of A Branch of the Ground Army located in Chung-Chung Do Region. They responded to a survey questionnaire that consisted of 68 items: 14 items on sexual orientation. 39 items on knowledge about AIDS, and 15 items on attitudes toward AIDS. The data were analyzed using SAS program. The study results are as follows: 1. Sexual orientation of the military personnel 1) In terms of sexual orientaion, harassment and assault, only $26.4\%$ of the subjects responded as, 'know well'. Appropriate awareness of the legal liability was reported by $21.6\%$ of the subjects regarding sexual harassment and $78.1\%$ of the subjects regarding sexual assault. 2) Pre-marital cohabitant was supported by $89.2\%$ of the subjects. 3) The Korean military personnel showed liberal attitudes toward sexuality as $46.4\%$ of them reported having sexual-relationship with the dating partner is acceptable. 4) The attitudes of the most subjects toward homosexuality was found to be unfavorable. 5) Subjects were m the need of appropriate sex education. of which substantial knowledge on sexual intercourse was the most needy area. 2. Knowledge and attitudes toward AIDS of the military personnel 1) The subjects' level of knowledge on AIDS was relatively low, showing the average score of $22.31\pm7.23$ points (range: 0-39 points). The higher level of knowledge was reported by those who had high level of education, father alive. and less number of brothers in their family. 2) The subjects' attitudes toward AIDS was relatively positive. The attitude toward AIDS was also found to be more positive in those who had high level of education and less number of brothers. 3) There was a positive but weak correlation between knowledge and attitude toward AIDS. The study finding showed that the sexual orientaion of the Korean military personnel was moderately positive and liberal. However, their awareness of sexual harassment and assault and AIDS was still found to be low. As Korean enlisted military service men are likely to be in the ages with strong sexual desire, it may be important for them to have appropriate sexual orientation and attitudes toward AIDS. Therefore, it is recommended to develop further practical and sound sex education programs within the military unit in order to meet their education needs as well as to utilize sex education specialists as the instructors of those programs.