• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.493-505
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• 1993

Present experiments were undertaken in order to clarify the clinico-pathological characteristics of lead poisoning in goats. Twenty goats were divided into three experimental groups(A, B and C) and a control(D). The three experimental groups received diets contaminated artificially with 10(A group), 200(B group) and $1,000(C group){\mu}g/g$ of lead for 70 days, respectively. The control group received normal diets. Hair samples collected one or two weeks interval were examed for the lead content. On day 70. all the animals were necropsied and various organs were examined pathoanatomically. In addition, various organs were analyzed for lead, zine, copper, iron and calcium content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. From these experiments following results were obtained ; The lead content of hair was significantly increased from the $42^{nd}$, $21^{st}$ or $14^{th}$ day in all the three groups, which showed significant correlation with lead content of liver and spleen. The lead content of various organs including kidney, liver, spleen, ileum, bone and abomasum were significantly increased in accordance with the lead contamination. The increase was most prominent in abomasal wall. The zinc and copper content of liver, brain, ileum, skin, kidney, lung or muscle were increased in B and C groups whereas the iron and calcium content showed no significant change. Pathoanatomically, degeneration or necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules of kidney, peripheral necrosis of liver, fundic gland necrosis of abomasum and cerebral edema were observed in B and C groups.

• 분석과학
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.731-735
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• 2000

상용되는 난연제인 DBDPE-$Sb_2O_3$ 중 안티몬을 신속 정확하게 분석하기 위하여 가압 산 분해법을 이용하여 전처리하였다. DBDPE-$Sb_2O_3$ 시료를 가압 산 분해장치 내에서 $H_2SO_4:HCl$(1:2) 혼합산을 가하여 $220^{\circ}C$에서 2시간 동안 분해시킨 후 AAS를 이용하여 Sb를 정량하였다. 그 결과 99.6-99.8%의 회수율과 0.94-1.07%의 변동계수값을 얻었다. 이 전처리 방법을 실제시료에 적용하여 40.3과 36.3%의 Sb 함량을 구할 수 있었다.

• 약학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.89-99
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• 1981

This study was performed to investigate the contamination level of heavy metals in freshwater flshes. The samples of 92 cases were collected at 7 areas located on HanRiver from November to December in 1980. Contents of heavy metals: cadmium, lead, copper, chromium and zinc were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results were as follows: 1. Generally mean value of the heavy metal contents of fishes collected on lower parts of Han River were higher than those of upper parts. 2. In the cadmium contents, the highest value was $20.52{\pm}5.10$ ppb in Carassius auratus, and the values at Hannam and Noryangjin area were higher than those at other parts on Han River. 3. In the lead contents, the highest was $0.29{\pm}0.03ppm$ in Carassius auratus and that in Parasilurus asotus was the lowest $0.12{\pm}0.02ppm$ Mean contents of lead in the samples of Hannam and Haengjue area were higher than those of other area 4. In the copper contents, the highest value was $3.13{\pm}0.34ppm$ in Carassius auratus and the contents of fishes of Haengjue area was higher than those of any other area. It was significant among the species, but not among the collecting areas in copper contents. 5. In the chromium contents, the highest was $1.16{\pm}0.12ppm$ in Carassius auratus and that in Parasilurus asotus was the lowest $0.21{\pm}0.01ppm$ The contents of samples of Hannam and Noryangjin area were also higher than those of other area. 6. In the zinc contents, that in Arassius auratus was the highest value with $14.06{\pm}1.13ppm$ and that in Parasilurus asotus was the lowest $4.79{\pm}0.53ppm$. On the other hand, it was significant among the species and collecting areas. 7. Accumulation of heavy metals in freshwater fishes is tended to increase with growth.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1153-1159
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• 2013

A novel solid-contact indium(III)-selective sensor based on bis-(1H-benzimidazole-5-methoxy-2-[(4-methoxy-3, 5-dimethyl-1-pyridinyl) 2-methyl]) thiosulfinate, known as an omeprazole dimer (OD) and a neutral ionophore, was constructed, and its performance characteristics were evaluated. The sensor was prepared by applying a membrane cocktail containing the ionophore to a graphite rod pre-coated with polyethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT) conducting polymer as the ion-to-electron transducer. The membrane contained 3.6% OD, 2.3% oleic acid (OA) and 62% dioctyl phthalate (DOP) as the solvent mediator in PVC and produced a good potentiometric response to indium(III) ions with a Nernstian slope of 19.09 mV/decade. The constructed sensor possessed a linear concentration range from $3{\times}10^{-7}$ to $1{\times}10^{-2}$ M and a lower detection limit (LDL) of $1{\times}10^{-7}$ M indium(III) over a pH range of 4.0-7.0. It also displayed a fast response time and good selectivity for indium(III) over several other ions. The sensor can be used for longer than three months without any considerable divergence in potential. The sensor was utilized for direct and flow injection potentiometric (FIP) determination of indium(III) in alloys. The parameters that control the flow injection method were optimized. Indium(III) was quantitatively recovered, and the results agreed with those obtained using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, as confirmed by the f and t values. The sensor was also utilized as an indicator electrode for the potentiometric titration of fluoride in the presence of chloride, bromide, iodide and thiocyanate ions using indium(III) nitrate as the titrant.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.127-134
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• 1992

Present experiments were undertaken in order to clarify the clinico-pathological characteristics of lead poisoning in goats. Twenty goats were divided into three experimental groups(A, B and C) and a control(D). The three experimental groups received diets contaminated artificially with 10(A group), 200(B group) and 1,000(C group) ${\mu}g/$ of lead, for 70 days respectively. The control group received normal diets. Blood samples were collected 1 or 2 weeks interval and were examined for anemia(erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentrations and hematocrit values) and lead contents of erythrocyte and serum. Urine samples collected similarly with blood were examined for delta-aminolevulinic acid and lead content. Collected samples were analyzed for lead content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. From these experiments following results were obtained : In group B and C, marked decreases in body weight and feed intake, and diarrhea were observed from the $30^{th}$ day of experimental periods. The B and C groups showed pronounced anemia(decrease in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit value) from the $21^{st}$ or $42^{nd}$ day. In group B and C, the lead content of erythrocytes was increased significantly from the $28^{th}$ or $14^{th}$ day. The lead content of serum was increased significantly from the $42^{nd}$ or $14^{th}$ day in B and C groups. The lead content of urine was increased significantly from the first day in both B and C groups. The urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid content was increased significantly from $14^{th}$ day in both B and C groups.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.303-305
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• 1995

베이킹파우더, 등급별 밀가루 및 몇 가지 밀가루 가공식품에 대한 알루미늄 함량을 조사하고자 $HNO_3:HClO_4(v/v,\;2:1)$ 혼산으로 분해하여 원자흡수분광광도법으로 분석하였다. 원료와 가공식품들의 알루미늄 함량은 베이킹파우더는 $1910{\sim}1948mg/100g$, 중력분은 8.5mg/100g, 강력분 박력분은 각각 10.8 mg/100g, 11.0 mg/100g이며 국수는 $29.7{\sim}58.5mg/100g$, 라면은 $63.0{\sim}80.0mg/100g$, 당면은 $33.1{\sim}46.3mg/100g$, 냉면이 $37.8{\sim}49.9mg/100g$, 비스켓과 스낵은 $15.3{\sim}19.2mg/100g$, $22.5{\sim}56.4mg/100g$ 범위였다. 밀가루 식품중의 알루미늄 함량은 동일 식품이더라도 제조회사에 따라서 함량차이를 인정할 수 있었다(p<0.01).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1529-1532
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• 2005

A simple and cost effective method for separation and preconcentration of Ag(I) at the $10^{-7}\;mol\;L^{-1}$ level in the environmental and mineral samples is present. The method is based on the flotation of Ag(I)-iodide complex as an ion-associate with ferroin in pH of 4 from a large volume of an aqueous solution (500 mL) using nheptane. The floated layer was then dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) for the subsequent spectrophotometric determination. Beer's law was obeyed over a range of 2.0 ${\times}$ $10^{-7}$-4.0 ${\times}$ $10^{-6}$ mol $L^{-1}$ with the apparent molar absorptivity of 2.67 ${\times}$ $10^5$ L $mol^{-1}\;cm^{-1}$. The detection limit (n = 5) was 4 ${\times}$ $10^{-8}$ mol $L^{-1}$, and RSD (n = 5) obtained for 2.0 ${\times}$ $10^{-6}$ mol $L^{-1}$ of Ag(I) was 2.2%. The interference effects of a number of elements was studied and found that only $Hg^{2+}$ at low concentration, and $Pb^{2+}$, $Cd^{2+}$, $Cu^{2+}$, and $Fe^{3+}$ ions at moderately high concentrations were interfered. To overcome on these interference effects, the solution was treated with EDTA at a buffering pH of 4 and passed through a column containing Amberlite IR-120 ionexchanger resin, just before the flotation process. The proposed method was applied to determine of Ag(I) in a synthetic waste water, a photographic washing sample and a geological sample and the results was compared with those obtained from the flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The results were satisfactorily comparable with together, so that the applicability of the proposed method was confirmed in encountering with the real samples.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.542-549
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• 1995

본 연구는 한국인의 아연 섭취량, 배설량, 소화흡수율 및 체내 아연평형을 관찰하기 위하여 15~16세의 여자고등학생 7명을 대상으로 실시되었다. 실험기간 4주 동안 평상시와 같은 생활양식과 적정 체중을 유지 시키면서 각 대상자들이 섭취한 모든 식이와 배설한 대변과 소변을 수거하여 아연 함량을 분석하였다. 이로 부터 아연의 소화흡수율과 평형상태를 관찰한 바 1일 1인당 평균 아연 섭취량은 $9.26{\pm}2.30mg$, 대변을 통한 아연의 배설량은 $3.31{\pm}2.15mg$으로, 평균 소화흡수율은 $62.9{\pm}3.22%$이었다. 소변을 통한 아연 배설량은 $3.23{ \pm}1.03mg으로\;2.61{\pm}2.91mg$의 양의 평형상태를 보였다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.296-300
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• 2002

Bacterial cell surface components are the major factors responsible for pathogenesis and bioremediation. In particular, the surface of a Gram-negative bacterium cell has a variety of components compared to that of a Gram-positive cell. In our previous study, we isolated an isogenic mutant of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, which exhibited altered cell surface characteristics, including an increased hydrophobicity. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the mutant demonstrated that the O-polysaccharide part was completely absent. Meanwhile, a gel permeation chromatographic analysis of the exopolysaccharide (EPS) in the mutant demonstrated that it was unaltered. Since LPSs are known to have several anion groups that interact with various cation groups and metal ions, the mutant provided an opportunity to examine the direct role of LPS in metal binding by B. japonicum. Using atomic absorption spectrophotometry, it was clearly demonstrated that LPS was involved in metal binding. The binding capacity of the LPS mutant to various metal ions $(Cd^{2+},\;Cu^{2+},\;Pb^{2+},\;and\;Zn^{2+})$ was 50-70% lower than that of the wild-type strain. Also, through an EPS analysis and desorption experiment, it was found that EPS and centrifugal force had no effect on the metal binding. Accordingly, it would appear that LPS molecules on B. japonicum effect the properties, which precipitate more distinctly metal-rich mineral phase.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1986

Atmospheric particulate matter (A.P.M.) was collected on quartz fiber filters from March 1985 to May 1986 according to particle size using Andersen high-volume air sampler, and 6 heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb) in these particulates were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The arithmetic mean concentration of A.P.M. was 195.57$\mug/m^3$. The arithmetic mean concentrations of 6 metals (Fe, Mn, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb) were 3385.04, 1451.67, 897.94, 159.68, 127.14 and 59.49 $ng/m^3$ respectively. The order of heavy metals contributing to A.P.M. was as follows: Fe > Zn > Pb > Cu > Mn > Ni. These heavy metals were devided into 3 groups according to their particle size distribution. The contents of heavy metals belonging to the 1st group (Fe, Mn) were increased with the particle size. On the contrary, the content of Pb belonging to the 2nd group (Pb) was increased with the decrease in the particle size. The heavy metal contents in the 3rd group (Ni, Cu, Zn) were lowest in the particle size range of 2.0-3.3 $\mum$ compared with particles larger or smaller tha this range. The seasonal variation of heavy metal concentration were as follows: Fe and Mn contents were highest in spring, but Ni and Pb contents were highest in winter. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between A.P.M. and Fe in coarse particles, meanwhile between A.P.M. and Pb in the case of fine particles.