• Title/Summary/Keyword: Associated anomalies

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Impact of IODM and ENSO on the East Asian Monsoon: Simulations through NCAR Community Atmospheric Model (동아시아 몬순 지역에서 IODM과 ENSO의 영향 : NCAR Community Atmospheric Model을 이용한 모의 실험)

  • Oh J.-H.;Chaudhari H. S.;Kripalani R. H.
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.240-249
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    • 2005
  • The normal Indian Ocean is characterized by warmer waters over the eastern region and cooler waters over the western region. Changes in sea surface temperature (SST) over the western and eastern Indian Ocean give birth to a phenomenon now referred to as the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM). The positive phase of this mode is characterized by positive SST anomalies over the western Indian Ocean and negative anomalies over the southeastern Indian Ocean, while the negative phase is characterized by a reversed SST anomaly pattern. On the other hand, the normal Pacific Ocean has warm (cool) waters over the western (eastern) parts. Positive (negative) SST anomalies over the central/eastern (western) Pacific Ocean characterize the E1 Nino phenomenon. The reverse situation leads to the La Nina phenomenon. The coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomenon over the Pacific is referred to as the E1 Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. In this study the impact of IODM and ENSO on the East Asian monsoon variability has been studied using observational data and using the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM) of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR). Five sets of model experiments were performed with anomalous SST patterns associated with IODM/ENSO superimposed on the climatological SSTs. The empirical and dynamic approaches reveal that it takes about 3-4 seasons fur the peak IODM mode to influence the summer monsoon activity over East Asia. On the other hand, the impact of ENSO on the East Asian monsoon could occur simultaneously. Further, the negative (positive) phase of IODM and E1 Nino (La Nina) over the Pacific enhances (suppresses) monsoon activity over the Korea-Japan Sector. Alternatively, IODM appears to have no significant impact on monsoon variability over China. However, El Nino (La Nina) suppresses (enhances) monsoon activity over China. While the IODM appears to influence the North Pacific subtropical high, ENSO appears to influence the Aleutian low over the northwest Pacific. Thus, the moisture supply towards East Asia from the Pacific is determined by the strengthening/weakening of the subtropical high and the Aleutian low.

Development and Assessment of Dynamical Seasonal Forecast System Using the Cryospheric Variables (빙권요소를 활용한 겨울철 역학 계절예측 시스템의 개발 및 검증)

  • Shim, Taehyoun;Jeong, Jee-Hoon;Ok, Jung;Jeong, Hyun-Sook;Kim, Baek-Min
    • Atmosphere
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.155-167
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    • 2015
  • A dynamical seasonal prediction system for boreal winter utilizing cryospheric information was developed. Using the Community Atmospheric Model, version3, (CAM3) as a modeling system, newly developed snow depth initialization method and sea ice concentration treatment were implemented to the seasonal prediction system. Daily snow depth analysis field was scaled in order to prevent climate drift problem before initializing model's snow fields and distributed to the model snow-depth layers. To maximize predictability gain from land surface, we applied one-month-long training procedure to the prediction system, which adjusts soil moisture and soil temperature to the imposed snow depth. The sea ice concentration over the Arctic region for prediction period was prescribed with an anomaly-persistent method that considers seasonality of sea ice. Ensemble hindcast experiments starting at 1st of November for the period 1999~2000 were performed and the predictability gain from the imposed cryospheric informations were tested. Large potential predictability gain from the snow information was obtained over large part of high-latitude and of mid-latitude land as a result of strengthened land-atmosphere interaction in the modeling system. Large-scale atmospheric circulation responses associated with the sea ice concentration anomalies were main contributor to the predictability gain.

OCULODENTODIGITAL SYNDROME : A CASE REPORT (Oculodentodigital syndrome의 1 증례)

  • Kang, Ho-Seung;Jeong, Tae-Sung;Kim, Shin
    • Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.492-498
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    • 1999
  • Oculodentodigital syndrome(ODD) was first reported by Lohmann in 1920 and termed by Meyer Schwicketath, which they called "dysplasia oculo-dento-digitalis" in 1957. It is somewhat rare heritable disease. ODD is generally inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern with a complex phenotype. The characteristic features are : (1) unique facial features, (2) microphthalmos, (3) syndactyly and camptodactyly of 4th and 5th fingers, (4) osseous anomalies of the middle phalanges of 5th fingers and toes, (5) enamel hypoplasia, (6) dry lusterless hair. We found several occlusal wearing and yellow discoloration of succedaneous teeth, multiple caries lesions, premature loss and pulpal involvement of primary teeth with associated enamel abnormalities caused by generalized enamel hypoplasia in a fairly constant oral finding. Occasionally partial anodontia, microdontia and cleft lip and palate can be manifested. This case, a 9-year-old female with repaired bilateral syndactyly was referred to pediatric dental clinic, Pusan National University Hospital for evaluation of severe attrition of teeth and caries lesions. She had most of the above mentioned typical manifestations of the syndrome. Dental treatment including caries control, stainless steel crown were performed.

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Characteristics of the Simulated ENSO in CGCM (대기-해양 접합 모델에서 모사한 ENSO의 특징)

  • Moon, Byung-Kwon
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.343-356
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    • 2007
  • This paper explored the characteristics of the interannual sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the equatorial Pacific by analyzing the simulated data from a newly coupled general circulation model (CGCM). The CGCM simulates well the realistic ENSO variability as well as the mean climatologies including SST, seasonal cycle, precipitation, and subsurface structures. It is argued that the zonal gradient of SST in the equatorial Pacific is responsible for the over-energetic SST variability near the equatorial western boundary in the model. This variability could also be related to the strong westward propagation of SST anomalies which resulted from the enhanced the zonal advection feedback. The simple two-strip model supports this by sensitivity tests. Analysis of the relationship between zonal mean thermocline depth and NINO3 SST index suggested that the ENSO variability is controlled by the recharge-discharge oscillator of the model. The lead-lag regression result reveals that heat buildup process in the western equatorial Pacific associated with the increase of the barrier layer thickness (BLT) is a precedent condition for El $Ni\widetilde{n}o$ to develop.

Steatocystoma multiplex: A case report of a rare entity

  • Shin, Nan-Young;Kang, Ju Hee;Kim, Jo-Eun;Symkhampa, Khantaly;Huh, Kyung-Hoe;Yi, Won-Jin;Heo, Min-Suk;Lee, Sam-Sun;Choi, Soon-Chul
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
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    • v.49 no.4
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    • pp.317-321
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    • 2019
  • Steatocystoma multiplex is an uncommon benign skin disease, which typically manifests as numerous intradermal cysts that can be scattered anywhere on the body. Although usually asymptomatic, it can be significantly disfiguring. One type of steatocystoma multiplex is known to be associated with the autosomal dominant inheritance of a mutation in the gene coding for keratin 17 (KRT17). In such cases, it is often concurrent with other developmental abnormalities of the ectoderm-derived tissues, such as the nails, hair, and teeth. To the best of our knowledge, few cases have been reported of steatocystoma multiplex of the oral and maxillofacial region. This report describes a case of steatocystoma multiplex of both sides of the neck and multiple dental anomalies, with a focus on its clinical, radiological, and histopathological characteristics, as well as the possibility that the patient exhibited the familial type of this condition.

A Case of Isolated Right Pulmonary Artery Agenesis (고립성 우측 폐동맥 형성부전증 1례)

  • Kim, Do Youn;Lee, Jae Sung;Kim, Young;Chang, Yoon Soo;Kim, Hyung Jung;Kim, Tae Hoon;Ahn, Chul Min
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • v.57 no.5
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    • pp.489-493
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    • 2004
  • Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly usually associated with other cardiovascular anomalies such as tetralogy of Fallot or septal defect. Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis without other coexisting cardiovascular abnormality (isolated unilateral pulmonary artery) is extremely rare and often asymptomatic until adulthood. In these patients, diagnostic clue is found in a plain chest roentgenogram, showing a hyperlucent contracted hemithorax. We have recently experienced a case of isolated right pulmonary artery agenesis, which was diagnosed by chest dynamic CT, perfusion scan, echocardiogram and 3-dimensional reconstruction cardiac CT angiography in a 50-year old female who had suffered from mild dyspnea on exertion and improved with conservative treatment. We report this case with a brief review of the relevant literature.

Gravity Survey of the Subsurface Geology and Geologic Structure between Samcheog and Taebaek Area (중력탐사에 의한 삼척-태백간의 지하지질 및 지질구조 연구)

  • Min, Kyung Duck;Cho, Kwang Eun
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.79-88
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    • 1995
  • The gravity measurment has been carried out at 48 gravity stations with intervals of 1.0~1.5 km along the survey line between Samcheog, Gosari and Taebaek to study subsurface geology and geologic structure in the northeastern part of the Ockchon zone. The Bouguer gravity anomaly values were obtained from the measured gravity values through the gravity corrections. The subsurface geology and geologic structure were interpreted quantitatively by means of the Fourier series method and Talwani method for 2.5 dimensional body. In the study area, the depth of Conrad discontinuity is about 10 km at Samcheog, northeastern end of the survey line, and it is increased rapidly to about 12.5 km at Miro, 15 km at Gosari and 15.5 km at Dongjeom, southwestern end of the survey line, respectively. The depth of the basement of the Ockchon zone exposed at Samcheog is increased smoothly to about 2 km at 5 km from Samcheog along the survey line, and is exposed again in the area between Singiry and Gosari. Beyond Gosari its depth is increased to about 1.7 km, and displaced 2.3 km downward by Osipcheon fault near Dogyeri and 0.5 km by Baeksan thrust near Cheolam, respectively. Many V-shaped low Bouguer gravity anomalies resulted from the fracture zone associated with faults imply the existence of Osipcheon fault and several inferred faults. The low Bouguer gravity anomaly zone between Tongdong and Dongjeom is caused by Jurassic gneissose granite. A local high Bouguer gravity anomaly at 35 km along the survey line from Samcheog is interpreted by the effect of iron deposit of high density existed at subsurface. The thickness of Great Limestone Group varies from 0.5 km to 1.4 km, that of Pyeongan Supergroup from 0.4 km to 0.9 km, and that of Yangdeog Group is about 0.3 km. The thickness of Jurassic gneissose granite varies from 1.5 to 3.0 km.

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The Incidence of Muscle Abnormalities in Broiler Breast Meat - A Review

  • Huang, Xi;Ahn, Dong Uk
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.38 no.5
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    • pp.835-850
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    • 2018
  • The dramatic improvements in the growth rate and breast muscle size and yield in broilers through the intensive genetic selection, and the improvement in nutrition and management over the past 50 years have introduced serious abnormalities that influenced the quality of breast meat. The abnormalities include pale-soft-exudative (PSE) conditions, deep pectoral muscle (DPM) myopathy, spaghetti meat (SM), white striping (WS), and woody breast (WB) that have serious negative implications to the broiler meat industry. The incidences of PSE and DPM have been known for several decades, and their prevalence, etiology and economic impact have been well discussed. However, other abnormalities such as SM, WS and WB conditions have been reported just for few years although these conditions have been known for some time. The newly emerging quality issues in broilers are mainly associated with the Pectoralis major muscles, and the incidences have been increased dramatically in some regions of the world in recent years. As high as 90% of the broilers are affected by the abnormalities, which are expected to cause from $200 million to $1 billion economic losses to the U.S. poultry industry per year. So, this review mainly discusses the histopathological characteristics and biochemical changes in the breast muscles with the emphasis on the newly emerging abnormalities (SM, WS, and WB) although other abnormalities are also discussed. The impacts of the anomalies on the nutritional, functional, mechanical and sensory quality of the meat and their implications to the poultry industry are discussed.

The Complex Surgical Management of the First Case of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency and Multiple Intestinal Atresias Surviving after the Fourth Year of Life

  • Guana, Riccardo;Garofano, Salvatore;Teruzzi, Elisabetta;Vinardi, Simona;Carbonaro, Giulia;Cerrina, Alessia;Morra, Isabella;Montin, Davide;Mussa, Alessandro;Schleef, Jurgen
    • Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.257-262
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    • 2014
  • Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a life-threatening syndrome of recurrent infections and gastro-intestinal alterations due to severe compromise of T cells and B cells. Clinically, most patients present symptoms before the age of 3 months and without intervention SCID usually results in severe infections and death by the age of 2 years. Its association with intestinal anomalies as multiple intestinal atresias (MIA) is rare and worsens the prognosis, resulting lethal. We describe the case of a four year-old boy with SCID-MIA. He presented at birth with meconium peritonitis, multiple ileal atresias and underwent several intestinal resections. A targeted Sanger sequencing revealed a homozygous 4-bp deletion ($c.313{\Delta}TATC$; p.Y105fs) in tetratricopeptide repeat domain 7A (TTC7A). He experienced surgical procedures including resection and stricturoplasty. Despite parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease, the patient is surviving at the time of writing the report. Precocious immune system assessment, scrutiny of TTC7A mutations and prompt surgical procedures are crucial in the management.

Anterior Tracheoplasty -Two Cases Report- (전방 기관성형술 -2례 보고-)

  • Sun, Kyung;Lee, Seo-Won;Kim, Joung-Taek;Kim, Kwang-Ho;Lim, Hyun-Kyoung
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.32 no.7
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    • pp.675-680
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    • 1999
  • We describe here two cases of anterior tracheoplasty utilizing an autologous pericardial patch. One patient was a 9 year-old female who had a congenital long tracheal stenosis associated with major vascular anomalies including pulmonary artery sling. One-stage correction was done under the support of an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation system. She required a prolonged ventilation support for 10 days postoperatively until the implanted pericardium was fixed to the mediastinal structures. The other patient was a 8 year-old male who had acquired tracheal stenosis following a complicated tracheostomy. By applying additional support over the pericardial patch with the costal cartilage, an endotracheal tube could be removed immediately after the operation. Both patients have been doing well in a postoperative follow-up of over a year, and there have been evidences of growth in the reconstructed trachea.

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