• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.75-85
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• 2003

This study develops the System(MetaGene) to create meta-data for learning object based on SCORM including meta-data of Assets. SCO, Contents Aggregation and metadata of Contents Package. API function cocle is embeded in Learning Object for interfacing API adopter in LMS to support SCORM and for tracking on learning process based on data models. Also, the learning objects are packaged the PIF(Packaged Interchange File) to transmit with LMS. MetaGene is verified by $SCORM^{(TM)}$ Conformance TestSuite for meta-data of learning objects, manifest file of Contents Packaging.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.36-60
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• 2011

Radio frequency identification(RFID) is a system of technology that transmits digitally coded identity information in the form of a unique serial number of an object or person wirelessly, using radio waves. The primary use of RFID has been in asset tracking. This makes it highly useful across various industries for effective and efficient conduct of different business processes like supply chain management (SCM). As the use of RFID expands, the use of this technology is observed in such industries as transportation, traffic payment, hospital and medical care, education, and retail. Although this technology offers immense potential, it faces multifarious roadblocks, particularly in developing countries like India. Under this backdrop, this paper attempts to present an overview of the use and application RFID technology in India with a highlight on business-ecosystem for RFID in India. We also present various technical and non-technical challenges in the implementation of RFID in India.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2007

Wireless Sensor Network(WSN) is composed of a large number of sensor nodes and accomplish a common task such as environment monitoring or asset tracking. This paper proposed a congestion control mechanism applying the ECN mechanism and the cross layer design to cope with temporal congestion in WSN. We experimented with the proposed congestion control mechanism using ns-2 simulator and measured the throughput of sink node. Simulation results show that the suggested mechanism can improve the performance of packet throughput by dealing with the congestion of network efficiently.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.57-72
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• 2003

The purpose of this paper is to propose the modeling of multiagent based SCM and implement the prototype in the Internet environment. SCM process follows the supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model which has been suggested by Supply Chain Counsil. SCOR model has been positioned to become the industry standard for describing and improving operational process in SCM. Five basic processes, plan, source, matte, deliver and return are defined in the SCOR model, through which a company establishes its supply chain competitive objectives. A supply chain is a world wide network of suppliers, factories, warehouses, distribution centers and retailers through which raw materials are acquired, transformed or manufactured and delivered to customers by autonomous or semiautonomous process. With the pressure from the higher standard of customer compliance, a frequent model change, product complexity and globalization, the combination of supply chain process with an advanced infrastructure in terms of multiagent systems have been highly required. Since SCM is fundamentally concerned with coherence among multiple decision makers, a multiagent framework based on explicit communication between constituent agents such as suppliers, manufacturers, and distributors is a natural choice. Multiagent framework is defined to perform different activities within a supply chain. Dynamic and changing functions of supply chain can be dealt with multi-agent by cooperating with other agents. In the areas of inventory management, remote diagnostics, communications with field workers, order fulfillment including tracking and monitoring, stock visibility, real-time shop floor data collection, asset tracking and warehousing, customer-centric supply chain can be applied and implemented utilizing multiagent. In this paper, for the order processing event between the buyer and seller relationship, multiagent were defined corresponding to the SCOR process. A prototype system was developed and implemented on the actual TCP/IP environment for the purchase order processing event. The implementation result assures that multiagent based SCM enhances the speed, visibility, proactiveness and responsiveness of activities in the supply chain.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.2056-2063
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• 2012

In a port terminal, containers are stored and transshipped by yard tractors and crane vehicles. For operation efficiency of the terminal, location information of these vehicles is an essential factor. However, most of port terminals try to estimate location of these assets using indirect methods such as event tracking of shipping or unshipping containers. Because these kinds of events are rarely occurred, location of the event includes seriously locating error compared to a real location of vehicle. In this paper, we propose a real-time asset tracking system to obtain accurate and reliable location of terminal assets. The proposed system overcomes a location estimation error caused by container stacks which interrupt wireless communication. In order to mitigate uncertainty and increase accuracy of location estimation, we designed hardwares and multi-step locating system to resolve additional preblems. We implemented system components, and installed these at a port environment for evaluation. The result shows superiority of the system that the accuracy is approximately 5.87 meters (CEP).

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.95-109
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• 2012

Being able to quickly locate valuable medical equipment is critical inside hospitals. In order to utilize limited budget and resources efficiently, accurate locating or tracking is required in many fields. In this research, we focus on how to find the location of missing assets by using RFID in real time indoors to track equipment. When equipment needs to be searched, the purpose of a RFID device is to minimize the time, investment cost and effort spent searching for the equipment. Thus, this research presents a mathematical model of using RFID (both handheld reader and stationary reader) for efficient asset location. We derive the expected time of locating RFID-tagged objects in a multi-area environment where hand-held RF readers are used. We then discuss where to deploy stationary RF readers in order to maximize the efficiency of the search process.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.4153-4159
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• 2011

M2M can provide the bi-directional services between applications and objects which have the attached telecommunication module. It consists of the objects, platform, and (web based) applications. M2M can realize In-Transit Visibility and Asset Visibility combined with GIS. Although many applications of M2M, such as metering, monitoring, controlling, tracking et al., are being serviced, the interoperability among the M2Ms is not considered. In this paper, we described the interoperability. Specially, ROA, which is the state of art technology in mash-up, more than SOA, and URN, which is based on Open API in RESTful service, more than URL are studied. As the message protocol between platform and applications, MPM was defined.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.725-735
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• 2021

This study investigates whether the Islamic Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) provide significant benefit to investors relative to conventional ETFs. Six pairs of Islamic and conventional ETFs with 10-year daily price data from 2010 to 2019 have been selected from major market indices like MSCI World Index, MSCI Emerging Markets, MyETF Dow Jones Islamic Market Malaysia, MSCI South East Asia and Wahed FTSE Shariah USA Index for this study. For ETFs that are launched after 2010, the price data from launch date to 2019 are used. Our results show: First, Islamic ETFs are more likely to trade at a premium rather than at a discount, implying the investors are willing to pay a premium. Second, it is also found that Islamic ETFs have a relatively shorter period of price deviation from the benchmark, implying more price stability. Third, conventional ETFs have higher return and lower tracking errors relative to Islamic ETFs. These new findings add to the stylized facts of Islamic ETFs in the extant literature for investors, plan sponsors and regulators as to the differences between the ETFs. As policy suggestion, asset management companies can design new investment products to bridge the gap between conventional and Islamic finance.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.12A
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• pp.966-974
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an asset tracking system for applying a container port environment. If we attempt to apply this common locating system to a port environment for logistics automation, the system performance is degraded because there are many steel obstacles that cause interference in the RF communication and measurement. We divided readers into two types - fixed and mobile readers; hence, the location method operates in two steps for efficient wireless communication and precise measurement. In addition, the system estimates the location with trajectory information of assets when the small number of measurement is gathered. We implemented all the system components and installed these at a real port for evaluation. The success rate of communication and estimation is much better than that of the existing general locating system, and the location precision is substantially increased.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.63-72
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• 2012

The product lifecycle of a marine vessel can be classified into the design-production, operation-maintenance, and disposal phases. During the operation and maintenance phase, status data should be gathered from the major machinery and instruments installed on the marine vessel in order to perform efficient maintenance work. Although a PLM (product lifecycle management) system can manage the product information during the design and assembly stage, a PLM based on asset management technology is more appropriate for product information management during the operation stage. Product embedded information devices (PEIDs) are suggested for gathering real-time maintenance information during the operation and maintenance lifecycle. A PEID allows PLM to provide the capability of offering active information exchange between the lifecycle management system and equipment. This study designed a PEID to effectively obtain information and interact with a PLM system. It consists of sensors, wireless communication, and a micro-processor, which allow it to accumulate status data on the PLM system. The embedded information device and PLM enable the seamless information flow, tracking, and updating of MRO (maintenance repair and overhaul) information for a product throughout the middle of the product lifecycle.