• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.323-331
• /
• 2015

Pollen morphological characteristics of 7 taxa of the genus Aruncus L. (Rosaceae) were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to evaluate the taxonomic implication within the genus. Aruncus pollen grains were monad, tri-colporate with granular membranes, small in size ($P=8.33-12.57{\mu}m$, $E=8.93-14.40{\mu}m$), amb is sub-circular to circular, suboblate to prolate-spheroidal in shape (P/E = 0.68-1.70). The sexine ornamentation in all studied taxa was basically striate but existence of perforation (striate-perforate: A. dioicus, A. dioicus var. acuminatus, A. dioicus var. astilboides, A. dioicus var. pubescens, A. dioicus var. vulgaris; striate-pstilate: A. dioicus var. aethusifolius, A. gombalanus) and the widths of muri and grooves varied according to the taxa. In particular, relatively short, and sharply crested muri being a distinct feature of A. dioicus var. acuminatus. As a result, the various combination of each pollen characteristics could be useful to identify the some taxa of the genus Aruncus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.27 no.6
• /
• pp.714-719
• /
• 2014

This study investigated DNA damage protection and anti-inflammatory activity of different solvent fractions from Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (A. dioicus) aerial parts water extract. As for DNA damage protection, distilled water ($H_2O$) fraction displayed the most powerful protection for DNA damage at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. As for anti-inflammatory activity, dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$) fraction exhibited the highest NO inhibition activity, ranging from 61% to 19% ($10-40{\mu}g/ml$). Furthermore, the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA expressions and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were employed to verify the anti-inflammatory activity of the $CH_2Cl_2$ fraction on further researches. It could be concluded that A. dioicus had a significantly effect of DNA damage protection and anti-inflammatory activity which also as an essential edible vegetable and medicinal species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.107 no.1
• /
• pp.50-58
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Aruncus dioicus on annual soil erosion reduction effect. Based on the measured soil erosion data, the cover factor of RUSLE was calculated. Comparing calculated the cover factor and Chewings fescue cover factor for soil erosion reduction, It found that cover crop Aruncus dioicus of reducing soil erosion was effective. The amount of soil erosion according to the type of Aruncus dioicus covering was 2.22 Mg/ha, Chewings fescue was 1.85 Mg/ha, 10.60 Mg/ha was produced in the Bare ground. Cover factor of Aruncus dioicus was $0.09{\pm}0.03$ according to the type of covering, Chewings fescue was $0.08{\pm}0.03$, Bare ground was $0.35{\pm}0.10$. Weeds control Bare ground was $0.83{\pm}0.14$. The results of the variance analysis of the cover factor for each covering were different according to the cover type. As a result of the classification of the same group through post - analysis, it was found that the Aruncus dioicus and Chewings fescue were similar to each other. Therefore, the Aruncus dioicus was effective to reduce the soil erosion to the extent that it was comparable to the Chewings fescue.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
• /
• v.47 no.3
• /
• pp.189-195
• /
• 2017

Aruncus L. is a small genus which is distributed in the circumpolar regions of the Northern Hemisphere, including Europe, Asia, and North America. In Korea, there are two taxa, A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus and A. aethusifolius. Aruncus aethusifolius is a species endemic to Korea, occurring only on Jeju Island. An important characteristic of Aruncus is dioecy. However, there is some controversy regarding the sexuality of this genus, and little is known about A. aethusifolius. To characterize the sexuality of A. aethusifolius and to provide insight into the evolution of its sexual system, we investigated natural populations and herbarium specimens of A. aethusifolius. The results indicate that the species has carpellate, staminate, and bisexual flowers. Carpellate flowers are always borne on separate individuals, and staminate flowers are borne either on separate individuals or mixed with bisexual flowers on the same individuals. The sexuality of A. aethusifolius is defined as polygamo-dioecious. The polygamo-dioecious type is also found in A. dioicus var. dioicus and A. dioicus var. kamtschaticus and thus may be a general condition in Aruncus.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.142-145
• /
• 1998

The experiment was conducted to elucidate the optimum planting data and fertilization level of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtscacus HARA. Plant height was increased as the seeding date was delayed. There was no transparent difference on plant height indifferent fertilization level. Nuber of stems was remarkably increased in the fertilization 14-14-12kg. Fresh leaf yield in the fertilization of 24-18-15kg was incresed about 31% comparing in the fertilization of 14-14-12kg. As a result, the optimum planing date and fertilization level was Jan. 15 and 24-18-15kg per 10a, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
• /
• v.23 no.5
• /
• pp.370-378
• /
• 2015

Background : Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, functional wild vegetable, is perennial herb and young leaves with soft texture are generally used as edible food. So the demand for the vegetable has increased recently. This study was carried out to determine the effects of temperature and shading on germination characteristics of A. dioicus. Methods and Results : The experiment was performed by temperature and shading treatments. Seed pre-treatment before the germination experiment was carried out by the storage in low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) under wet condition (LTW) for 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days and shading treatment were 35%, 50%, and 75% under control, BA (6-benzyladenine) and $GA_3$ (gibberellic acid) condition for 24 hours. Increasing the length of the storage periods led to increases seed germination percent in low temperature ($4^{\circ}C$) under wet condition (LTW), germination rate of A. dioicus seed was the highest at $15^{\circ}C$ with 60 days of seed pre-treatment. In the case of seeds pre-treatment with LTW, the more temperature went up, the more days to 50% of Germination of Final Germination Rate ($T_{50}$) went down. As a result of surveying shading treatment, germination rate was the highest in control of 35% shading and the next higher was in control of 50% shading. Conclusions : It is concluded that the temperature and shading are important factors to produce A. dioicus. Also, We suggest these results as basic data of A. dioicus for sexual propagation.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.576-581
• /
• 2008

The chemical components of the wild vegetables Solidago virgaurea spp. gigantea, Aster glehni var. hondoensis, and Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus grown on Ulleung island, Korea were investigated. In dried powders of these three wild vegetables, the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid, crude fiber, and crude ash were 3.77-5.72%, 15-29%, 3.50-6.68%, 4.00-6.01%, and 8.70-10.54%, respectively. There were differences in the levels and nature of organic acids in the vegetables; the major organic acids were succinic acid, citric acid, and malonic acid. The major free amino acids in the vegetables were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine, and phenylalanine. Riboflavin contents were 90 mg% in Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus and $2{\sim}3$ mg% in the other vegetables. The thiamin contents were 113 mg% in Aster glehni var. hondoensis, 85 mg% in Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, and 71 mg% in Solidago virgaurea spp. gigantea. The major fatty acids in the three vegetables were linolenic acid, linoleic acid, and palmitic acid; 60% of total fatty acid was linolenic acid. Catechins were present at 5.37 mg% in Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus, 2.46 mg% in Solidago virgaurea spp. gigantea, 1.29 mg% in Aster glehni var. hondoensis.(-) ECC was detected in only Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus. The contents of Ca, P, and Na in the three vegetables were higher than the contents of other minerals.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.42 no.1
• /
• pp.55-59
• /
• 2015

The extracts of Aruncus dioicus were investigated for anti-oxidant and biological activities in order to verify its potential as functional ingredients of cosmetic products. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of A. dioicus showed excellent scavenging activity using DPPH and ABTS anti-oxidant analysis at the $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ concentration. While tyrosinase inhibitory effect was measure for whitening assay and showed 59.2%, the suppression levels of elastase and collagenase were 56% and 90% respectively for anti-wrinkle activity. Therefore, it is plausible to conclude that A. dioicus extract, especially EtOAc fraction which has outstanding whitening, anti-oxidant, and anti-wrinkle activities, could be used as a new functional materials for cosmetics.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.678-683
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study was to evaluate the skin inflammation effects of three herb mixture extracts, Ligularia fischeri, Solidago virga-aurea and Aruncus dioicus, which are from Ullung island in Korea. Regulatory mechanisms of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the immunological activity of Raw 264.7 cells. Tested cells were pretreated with 70% acetone extracts of Ligularia fischeri, Solidago virga-aurea and Aruncus dioicus (LSA-A) and further cultured for an appropriated time after lipopolyssacharide (LPS) addition. During the entire experimental period, 1, 10, and 100 ${\mu}g/ml$ of LSA-A had no cytotoxicity. In these concentrations, LSA-A inhibited the production of NO and prostaglandin $E_2$ ($PGE_2$), tumor necorsis factor-a (TNF-a), interleukin-1${\beta}$ (IL-1${\beta}$), interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). LSA-A showed a 60% $PGE_2$ inhibition rate at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$. iNOS and COX-2 inhibition activities were 54%, and 65% at 100 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In addition, LSA-A extract reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines including TNF-a, IL-1${\beta}$ and IL-6. These results suggest that LSA-A may have significant effects on inflammatory factors, and may be a potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.789-804
• /
• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the growth and physiologycal activitis of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus (Maxim.) H. Hara under the NaCl treatment conditions (0, 100, 200, 300 mM). After 30 days treatment, the growth and physiologycal activitis were investigated. In the growth of plants, the plant height, leaf width, leaf length and ion level were reduced at NaCl treatments of more than 100 mM. The total polyphenol content was decreased by NaCl in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control group. The contents of total flavonoids did not show any difference at the concentration of 200 mM and 300 mM. However, the content of total flavonoid decreased compared with that of control. In antioxidant activity, the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity and reducing power activity were decreased by NaCl concentration compared to the control. When changes in the content of NO production was monitored by ELISA, production inhibitory effect was 94.5%, 70%, 63%, 56.9% in NaCl concentration of 0, 100, 200, 300 mM, respectively. The growth, ion level, antioxidant and anti-inflammation activity of Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus was reduced at NaCl treatments of more than 100 mM.